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Tytuł:
Bitwa pod Poznaniem z 19 VIII 1704 r.
The Battle of Poznań of 19 August 1704
Autorzy:
Kościelniak, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177384.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Poznań
bitwa
wielka wojna północna
Sasi
Szwedzi
battle
Great Northern War
Saxons
Swedes
Opis:
The Battle of Poznań was fought on 19 August 191704 between the Saxon and the Swedish armies. It was an exceptional battle which took place at night, and its result was inconclusive – at least as indicated by the commanders-in-chief of both armies and the historiography of the last two hundred years. This article is intended to identify the winner.
Źródło:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2022, 4(35); 113-136
2084-1213
Pojawia się w:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kaprzy Augusta II Wettina w latach 1700–1701 w świetle nieznanych szwedzkich poloników wojennomorskich
Privateers of Augustus II in 1700–1701 in the Light of the Previously Unknown Polish Maritime Warfare Sources from Sweden
Autorzy:
Kuczyński, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32388100.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-03-31
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
Great Northern War (1700–1721)
privateer fleet
navy
Augustus II
Polska
Saxony
Courland
Livonia
the Baltic Sea
Opis:
During the war with Sweden in Livonia in 1700, Augustus II decided to call up his own privateer flotilla. The most information about its activities can be found in the legacy of the Swedish commissioner in Gdańsk, Per Cuypercrona, kept at the Riksarkivet in Stockholm. In the late 1700s and early 1701s, he reported to Charles XII on the activities of the Polish privateers from the base in Puck. The first researcher to study this issue was Przemysław Smolarek in the 1950s. He concluded that the establishment of the flotilla in the autumn of 1700 was not part of a broader policy, but an ad hoc decision prompted by the withdrawal of the Danes from the Northern War as a result of the Peace of Travendal. However, Smolarek did not manage to access all records related to privateers, including copies of privateer patents issued by Augustus II and the Saxon resident in Copenhagen, Johann de Schade. Another analysis of Cuypercron’s legacy led to their discovery. The purpose of the article is to discuss and analyse the aforementioned materials. According to these sources, the establishment of the privateer flotilla by August II took place earlier, on 15 August 1700, i.e. before the Danish surrender, and the main area of their activity was the coasts of Courland and Livonia.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2023, 88, 1; 5-23
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Saksonia, Rzeczpospolita i Szwecja a koniec wojny północnej (1721–1732)
Saxony, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden and the End of the Great Northern War (1721–1732)
Autorzy:
Kosińska, Urszula
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1913257.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
Augustus II the Strong
Frederick I of Sweden
Great Northern War
Treaty of Nystad
diplomacy
eighteenth century
Opis:
Diplomatic negotiations aimed at ending the Great Northern War, conducted by Saxony, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden, which in the years 1721–1732 were formally still in conflict despite the Treaty of Nystad concluded by Sweden and Russia in 1721, have not yet been analysed from the perspective of Saxon and Polish diplomacy. The aim of this article is to examine this process, mainly in the light of primary sources of Saxon origin. Contrary to the popular belief that the many years of neglect to solve this issue were due solely to the weakness of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the author proves that there were many other factors involved. Some of the most important ones involved different political interests of the Commonwealth, Saxony and Sweden, and the changing international circumstances, including alliances, in the years 1721–1732. The article also presents how the original form of the peace agreement was developed. Instead of the signing of a peace treaty, it resulted in an exchange of royal letters between Sweden and, respectively, Saxony in 1729 and the Commonwealth in 1732. They included a declaration to ‘restore the old friendship’. Such a form of peace agreement, whose aim was to bypass Russian mediation, became the source of a common misconception that the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not a party in the Great Northern War.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2021, 86, 4; 29-54
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Z Torunia do Wilna podróż króla Stanisława zimą 1708 roku
From Toruń to Vilnius: the Journey of King Stanisław in the Winter of 1708
Autorzy:
Dygdała, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1194227.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
Masovia
Podlachia and Lithuania during the Great Northern War
King Stanisław Leszczyński
travel conditions in Poland in 1708
Opis:
The article discusses the journey of King Stanisław Leszczyński from Toruń, which he left on 10 Jan 1708, to Vilnius, where he arrived on 22 March 1708. The journey to Lithuania was forced by the Swedish sovereign Charles XII, who was accompanied by Leszczyński from the autumn of 1706. The question is whether the journey of King Stanisław launched in the winter of 1708 was a rational decision. It strengthened the position of Leszczyński in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Still his position predominantly depended on the Sapieha family, who were supported by Charles XII. During his few personal meetings with Charles XII, Leszczyński failed to convince Charles XII to approve of his political concepts. It still remained unknown whether the Polish monarch should accompany Charles XII in his journey into Russia or whether he should return to Poland and try to appease people at home. The closest collaborators of King Stanisław were sceptical (with the exception of the Sapiehas) of the political and military plans of Charles XII; they also disapproved of the conduct of the Swedish troops in Poland. The Swedes treated Poland as a conquered state imposing very high contributions and induced the delivery of food and pasture for horses.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2017, 82, 2; 85-99
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zjazd szlachty litewskiej w Wilnie w 1715 roku
Gathering of Lithuanian Nobility in Vilnius in 1715
Autorzy:
Šapoka, Mindaugas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32388103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-03-31
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
Augustus II
Ludwik Konstanty Pociej
Vilnius Confederation
Tarnogród Confederation
Great Northern War
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
eighteenth century
Opis:
The issue of the gathering of the Lithuanian nobility in Vilnius, organised in August 1715 by Great Hetman of Lithuania Ludwik Konstanty Pociej as a way of sparking a protest against the contributions imposed by King Augustus II for the maintenance of the Saxon army in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, has so far been marginally addressed in historiography. The purpose of the article is to examine the causes and consequences of the gathering and to determine the Russian attitude towards it. Using manuscript sources from Russia, Belarus, Poland and Lithuania, the author argues that the Russians had minimal influence over the organization of the gathering, yet they used it as a means to combat King Augustus II’s attempts to free himself from Russian influence. There is ample evidence to put forward a hypothesis that the request to Tsar Peter I for acting as an intermediary in the conflict between the king and the nobility was conceived by Pociej and other leading officials of the Commonwealth rather than by Russian diplomats. The article also argues that the convention in Vilnius contributed significantly to the formation of the Tarnogród Confederation in the Crown. The Poles believed that the Lithuanians were determined to uphold the declaration of the Vilnius convention to instigate military action against the king’s policies and contributions for the purposes of the Saxon army. When the news of the Vilnius gathering spread throughout Poland, riots began in the southern provinces, and part of the Polish army declared a confederation and took up arms.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2023, 88, 1; 25-52
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oficerowie wyznania ewangelickiego ze Śląska w armii szwedzkiej podczas wielkiej wojny północnej (1700–1721). Prolegomena
Officers of the Evangelical faith from Silesia in the Swedish army during the Great Northern War (1700–1721): Prolegomenon
Autorzy:
Wołoszyn, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178402.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-31
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
Adam L.C. Lewenhaupt
Evangelical faith
Kingdom of Sweden
Charles XII
army
cavalry
infantry
officers
recruitment
Silesia
Great Northern War
Opis:
The article constitutes a prolegomenon to the issue of the service of Silesian Evangelicals in the Swedish army during the Great Northern War (1700–1721), which has so far been absent in scholarly literature. The main objective of this text is to analyse their motives for joining the military service of the Kingdom of Sweden, as well as to trace their career and position in the officer corps. The above issue is part of the research on the officer corps of Charles XII’s army, and thus it may serve as an important point of reference also for the works devoted to the service of Polish and Lithuanian officers in the Swedish army of that period. A group of several dozen representatives of the Silesian nobility and aristocracy, whose members served in the rank of officers in various units of almost all the enlistments of the Swedish army (the largest number in the mercenary värvade regementen), throughout the whole war period (the most numerous in the period of 1703/1704–1709), mainly as the dragoons, and less often in other cavalry formations. The primary source for selection was a twovolume dictionary by Adam L.C. Lewenhaupt entitled Karl XII:s officerare. Biografiska anteckningar (Stockholm 1920–1921). Among the handwritten primary sources, the materials stored in Riksarkivet and Krigsarkivet were used, which primarily constitute records from the Royal Registry and military roles. They have been subjected to critical analysis in order to prepare possibly the most thorough biographies of officers of Evangelical faith from Silesia. A number of research methods have been used, such as the biographical, genealogical or statistical methods. The representatives of the following old and influential Silesian families were mentioned: von Ferentheil, von Franckenberg, von Holly, von Koschembahr and von Lindeiner. Among less significant families of the Silesian nobility, the representatives of the following families were scrutinised: Dumky, Görlitz, Hoffman, Kluge and Schmitt. An in-depth survey in Swedish, German, Austrian, Russian, Danish, Latvian and Estonian archives is necessary for further research. This is due to the fact that the representatives of the described group served in the armies of various states over the years, and were also imprisoned in various countries. The article significantly broadens the knowledge about the ways of recruiting officers by the Swedish army during the Great Northern War, and also brings us closer to the individual profiles of Evangelical officers from Silesia and the ways of their promotion. It also points out the importance of the representatives of this group among the commanders of the mercenary regiments (värvade regementen). As the text takes into account the historical political, military and religious situation, it allows to understand what drove the representatives of the described group to join the ranks of Swedish troops. Further survey in foreign archives, especially among specific documents, such as military roles and lists of prisoners of war, may bring a great deal of new information about the mentioned officers, and allow to identify those who were not included in the Lewenhaupt’s book. Undoubtedly, it will also constitute a starting point for the research on the service of officers from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Swedish army, whose number was significant in the examined period.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2019, 84, 4; 179-210
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Początek szwedzkiej interwencji w Wielkim Księstwie Litewskim w końcu 1701 roku
Autorzy:
Wićko, Dzmitry
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690099.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
wielka wojna północna
plan operacyjny
działania wojenne
dobra magnackie
republikanci litewscy
Great Northern War
operational plan
warfare
magnate estates
Lithuanian republicans
Opis:
The article is devoted to the military situation in the northern part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the second half of 1701, with special emphasis on the cooperation between the Sapiehas and King Charles XII of Sweden and its impact on the war plans by the Swedish king.
Artykuł omawia sytuację militarną na północy Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego w drugiej połowie 1701 r., ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem współpracy między Sapiehami a Karolem XII oraz jej znaczenia w wojennych planach szwedzkiego króla.
Źródło:
Rocznik Lituanistyczny; 2019, 5
2450-8454
2450-8446
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Lituanistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Daremne starania: klienci Karola Stanisława Radziwiłła i ich zabiegi o ochronę dóbr patrona przed Szwedami i wojskami Leszczyńskiego w latach 1706—1709
Futile Efforts: Clients of Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł and Their Efforts to Protect the Patron’s Property from the Swedes and Leszczyński’s Army in the Years 1706—1709
Autorzy:
Siwoń, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27316022.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
wielka wojna północna
ochrona dóbr
zniszczenia wojenne
Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł
Stanisław Leszczyński
Great Northern War
protection of property
wartime destruction
Opis:
Artykuł poświęcony jest staraniom kanclerza wielkiego litewskiego Karola Stanisława Radziwiłła i jego klientów podjętym w celu ochrony dóbr przed wojskami szwedzkimi i polskimi. Radziwiłł został stronnikiem Leszczyńskiego ze względu na chęć ochrony swoich posiadłości, niszczonych przez Szwedów. Jego rezydenci na dworze króla Stanisława nie odnieśli jednak sukcesów w swoich interwencjach. Polski monarcha był bezsilny wobec działań Szwedów, którzy eksploatację kraju traktowali jako konieczność. Zabiegi klientów mogły jedynie demonstrować poświęcenie Radziwiłła.
The article is devoted to the efforts made by Karol Stanislaw Radziwiłł, the Grand Chancellor of Lithuania, and his clients to protect his estates from the Swedish and Polish armies. There is no doubt that Radziwiłł’s transition from the camp of supporters of Augustus II to the pro-Stanislav party in 1706 was due to his desire to prevent his estates from being destroyed by the Swedish army. He sent his residents to the court of the new monarch to represent his interests. Among their tasks was that of the protection of Radziwiłł’s estates from military quartering, contributions and robberies carried out by both the Swedes and Leszczyński’s Polish supporters. The residents’ interventions, however, were unsuccessful. The Swedish commanders treated the exploitation of wealth as a wartime necessity and did not keep their promise to limit contributions and requisitions. Dependent on the Swedish military power, king Stanislaus was helpless in the face of the destruction wrought by the Swedes. The efforts made by the residents were thus little more than demonstrations of the Radziwiłł’s dedication as Leszczyński’s supporter.
Źródło:
Wieki Stare i Nowe; 2023, 18, 23; 1-31
1899-1556
2353-9739
Pojawia się w:
Wieki Stare i Nowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jezuici prowincji litewskiej wobec epidemii dżumy z lat 1708–1711
Jesuits of the Lithuanian province in the face of the epidemic of plague in the years 1708–1711
Autorzy:
Mariani, Andrea
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
the Society of Jesus
contagious diseases
the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
the 18th century
the Great Northern War (1700–1721)
Opis:
The article presents the activity of the Jesuits during the epidemic of plague in the Rzeczpospolita during the Great Northern War. The author concentrates mainly on the Lithuanian province of the Society of Jesus, where the epidemic caused the highest number of deaths. Against the description of the structure of the personnel and the issue of the mortality rate among the monks prior to the outbreak of the epidemic, the author characterizes the variety of activities undertaken by the Jesuits. On the one hand, the aim of the Jesuits’ activity was to fulfill the mission of the Society, which consisted in providing spiritual and material help to fellow human beings. On the other hand, the aim was to protect the material and human resources of the Society. In the face of the epidemic most members of the Society left the college to seek shelter in one of the estates belonging to the Jesuits. Several Jesuit monks decided to stay to serve the sick monks and the inhabitants of the town who were unable to escape. According to the hierarchy of values of the Jesuits and the laudatory topic a appearing in the home chronicles, the death of those Jesuits was presented as the achievement of the highest good. The Jesuits paid a high price for their material and spiritual involvement - the consequences of the epidemic continued to be visible many years after the outbreak of the plague.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2016, 81, 2; 65-104
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lwowska wyprawa króla Stanisława Leszczyńskiego w 1709 roku (czy zamierzano iść na pomoc Karolowi XII na Ukrainę?)
Autorzy:
Dygdała, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/602438.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Great Northern War
King Stanisław Leszczyński
Lviv
painter Jerzy Eleuter Siemiginowski
wielka wojna północna
król Stanisław Leszczyński
Lwów
malarz Jerzy Eleuter Siemiginowski
Opis:
The article discusses a practically unknown episode of King Stanisław Leszczyński’s visit to Lviv in 1709. The visit was related to the course of the Great Northern War and an attempt to help King Charles XII of Sweden, who at that time was waging war with Russia. However, the forces of King Stanisław and the supporting Swedish corps were too weak to fulfil the task. In any case, the Swedish commanders were aware of the fact and deliberately delayed the moving of their troops towards Ukraine.
Artykuł omawia szerzej nieznany epizod pobytu króla Stanisława Leszczyńskiego we Lwowie w 1709 r. Wiązał się on z wydarzeniami wielkiej wojny północnej i próbą przyjścia z pomocą szwedzkiemu królowi Karolowi XII, prowadzącemu wówczas wojnę z Rosją. Siły króla Stanisława i wspomagającego go korpusu szwedzkiego okazały się za słabe, by wypełnić to zadanie. Zresztą dowódcy szwedzcy zdawali sobie z tego sprawę i wyraźnie opóźniali marsz swych oddziałów w kierunku Ukrainy.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Historyczny; 2019, 126, 4
0023-5903
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Historyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oblężenie i kapitulacja twierdzy Kokenhauzen (2–7 X 1700)
The Siege and Capitulation of the Kokenhausen Fortress
Autorzy:
Trąbski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1065072.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-09-30
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
the Great Northern War
Livonia
Kokenhausen
early modern military art
siege
capitulation
August II Wettin
Adam Heinrich von Steinau
the year 1700
Opis:
The conquest of the Kokenhausen Fortress in October 1700 was the last act of an eight-month campaign conducted by the army of August II in the territory of Swedish Livonia. After the disgrace related to the premature abandonment of the siege of Riga (the main target of this campaign), it was a significant military and political success. Kokenhausen could have been a convenient bridgehead for the Saxon troops on the right bank of the Daugava River and a potential operational base to launch military operations in the Swedish province in the spring of the following year. At the same time, the conquest of this fortress made it possible to use the Daugava River to transport heavy cannons and ammunition from the Russian border to Riga. In addition, this success could be used for propaganda purposes. Tsar Peter I received the confirmation that August II had maintained the anti-Swedish alliance, thanks to which in Warsaw it was possible to strive for Poland’s joining the war against Sweden. In the publications devoted to the Great Northern War the information on this event is mostly scarce, and often contradictory, making the image of the siege and capitulation of the Kokenhausen Fortress look unclear and raise doubts. The reason seems to be the lack of information from a direct source, and the authors’ reliance on indirect sources (e.g. press coverage). Below, a new attempt to present the circumstances of the conquest of Kokenhausen by the army of August II will be presented; it was prepared primarily on the basis of a letter written in the Saxon army camp on 9 October 1700, probably by the court treasurer Atanazy Miączyński, and works of two French historians: Pierre Massuet – Histoire des rois de Pologne, et du gouvernement de ce Royaume […] and Jean-Baptiste de Parthenay – History of the reign of the Polish king Frederic August II […], which come from the 1730s.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2018, 83, 3; 59-82
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Misja dyplomatyczna marszałka wielkiego litewskiego Marcjana Dominika Wołłowicza do Moskwy w latach 1710–1711
The diplomatic mission of Marcjan Dominik Wołłowicz, Grand Marshal of Lithuania, to Moscow in 1710–1711
Autorzy:
Šapoka, Mindaugas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177386.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Marcjan Dominik Wołłowicz
wielka wojna północna
walna rada warszawska
stosunki dyplomatyczne
polityka zagraniczna
the Great Northern War
the Council of Warsaw
diplomatic relations
foreign affairs
Opis:
The diplomatic mission of Marcjan Dominik Wołłowicz to Moscow took place at a crucial moment, marked by the collapse of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the rise of Russia’s power. This article shows how the mission was organized, the difficulties encountered and why it failed.
Źródło:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2022, 4(35); 137-163
2084-1213
Pojawia się w:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od sprzedawcy pierożków do generalissimusa. Zawrotna kariera Aleksandra Mienszykowa
From a Vendor of Stuffed Buns (Pirozkhi) to the Generalissimus Rank. A Dizzying Career of Alexander Menshikov
Autorzy:
Krokosz, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038508.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-02-11
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
Aleksander Mienszykow
Piotr I
Rosja w XVII-XVIII w.
wojna północna 1700-1721
Alexander Menshikov
Peter the Great
Russia in the 17th and 18th century
the Great Northern War
Opis:
Artykuł jest poświęcony życiu i działalności publicznej Aleksandra Mienszykowa. Człowiek ten, pochodzący z nizin społecznych, dzięki przyjaźni z carem Piotrem I zdołał osiągnąć najwyższe stanowiska w administracji państwowej oraz najwyższe rangi dowódcze w rosyjskiej armii i flocie wojennej. Aleksander Mienszykow należał również do najbogatszych, tuż po carze, ludzi w Rosji – posiadał ogromne majątki ziemskie i liczne zakłady produkcyjne. Po śmierci Piotra I w 1725 r., bez rezultatu, próbował uchwycić w swoje ręce kierownictwo wszystkich spraw państwowych. W 1727 r. został aresztowany i skazany wraz z rodziną na zesłanie do Bieriozowa na Syberii, gdzie zmarł dwa lata później. Cały zgromadzony przez niego majątek – pieniądze, klejnoty, pałace i manufaktury – został przejęty na rzecz państwa.
The article is devoted to the life and public activities of Alexsander Menshikov. This man, which came from social lowlands, thanks to friendship with Tsar Peter the Great achieved highest positions in the state administration, the Russian Army and also navy. Alexsander Menshikov belonged also to the richest people in Russia (just after the Tsar) – he owned huge estates and numerous production companies. After Peter the Great’s death, without a result, he tried to capture the leadership of all state affairs. In 1727 he was arrested and sentenced, together with his family, to exile to Berezovo in Siberia, where he died two years later. All the assets he collected – money, jewels, palaces and manufactories – were taken over for the benefit of the state.
Źródło:
Perspektywy Kultury; 2019, 24, 1; 139-166
2081-1446
2719-8014
Pojawia się w:
Perspektywy Kultury
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Artyleria Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego w latach 1700–1717
The Artillery of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1700–1717
Die Artillerie des Großfürstentums Litauen 1700–1717
Autorzy:
Šapoka, Mindaugas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/7405818.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-07-27
Wydawca:
Wojskowe Biuro Historyczne
Tematy:
Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
wielka wojna północna
artyleria
sejm niemy
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Great Northern War
artillery
Silent Sejm
Großfürstentum Litauen
Großer Nordischer Krieg
Artillerie
Stummer Sejm
Opis:
Artykuł dotyczy artylerii litewskiej w latach 1700–1717 i opiera się głównie na sprawozdaniu z jej dochodów i wydatków za lata 1710–1717 przygotowanym dla Trybunału Skarbowego Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego. Jego posiedzenie odbyło się pod koniec 1717 r. w Grodnie. Artyleria litewska w 1710 r. praktycznie nie istniała z powodu wojen, kryzysów demograficznego i finansowego. W następnych latach jej finansowanie było niewystarczające. Dochody na ten cel w latach 1710– 1717 wyniosły 96 tys. złp, lecz wydatki wyniosły nie mniej niż 170 tys. złp. Mimo braku funduszy do 1716 r. stan artylerii znacznie się poprawił, choć w badanym okresie nie podejmowano prób gruntownej reformy jej finansowania. W latach 1716–1717 artyleria była w stanie zaopatrzyć piechotę i dragonów armii litewskiej jedynie w kilka dział i amunicję. Sejm niemy z 1717 r. nie zwiększył środków na artylerię litewską, która była w stanie wystawić do działań wojennych do 10 dział, co przy liczebności armii litewskiej wynoszącej na papierze 6100 żołnierzy było zadowalające. Z dostępnych źródeł wynika, że Korpus Artylerii Litewskiej nie był duży – w jego szeregach służyło łącznie ok. 30 żołnierzy, w większości urodzonych w Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów.
The article discusses the state of the Lithuanian Artillery Corps in the early years of the 18th century. Th e fi ndings are mainly based on a report prepared for the Lithuanian Fiscal Tribunal that concerned the corps’ income and expenses 1710–1717. Th e tribunal took place at the end of 1717 in Grodno. Th e Lithuanian Artillery Corps was practically non-existent in 1710 due to the losses incurred during previous wars, and the presence of both a demographic and fi nancial crisis in Lithuania at the time only added to the problem. In the following years funding was insuffi cient. Th is is evidenced by the fact that 1710–1717 funding for the corps amounted to Polish zlotys 96,000, whereas its expenses amounted to no less than Polish zlotys 170,000. Despite the lack of funds, by 1716 the condition of the corps had improved significantly, although no attempts were made to conduct a thorough reform of its fi nancing during the period in question. Between 1716–1717, the artillery was able to supply the infantry and dragoons of the Lithuanian army with only a few fi eld guns and ammunition. Th e Silent Sejm of 1717 did not increase the funding of the corps, which could now field up to 10 cannons, a satisfactory amount considering the size of the Lithuanian army at the time, i.e. approximately 6,100 soldiers. Th e available sources show that the Lithuanian Artillery Corps was quite small – in total about 30 soldiers served in its ranks, most of whom were born in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Der Aufsatz befasst sich mit der litauischen Artillerie in den Jahren 1700–1717 und stützt sich hauptsächlich auf einen Bericht über ihre Einnahmen und Ausgaben für die Jahre 1710–1717, der für das Finanztribunal des Großherzogtums Litauen erstellt wurde. Dessen Sitzung fand Ende 1717 in Grodno statt. Die litauische Artillerie war im Jahr 1710 aufgrund von Kriegen, demografi schen und fi nanziellen Krisen praktisch nicht existent. Auch in den folgenden Jahren war ihre Finanzierung unzureichend. Die Einnahmen für diesen Zweck beliefen sich 1710–1717 auf 96 000 polnische Zloty, die Ausgaben jedoch auf nicht weniger als 170 000 Zloty. Trotz der unzureichenden Mittel hatte sich der Zustand der Artillerie bis 1716 erheblich verbessert, obwohl im Berichtszeitraum kein Versuch unternommen wurde, ihre Finanzierung grundlegend zu reformieren. In den Jahren 1716–1717 war die Artillerie lediglich in der Lage, die Infanterie und die Dragoner der litauischen Armee mit einigen Feldgeschützen und Munition zu versorgen. Der Stumme Sejm von 1717 sah keine Erhöhung der Mittel für die litauische Artillerie vor, die bis zu 10 Kanonen aufstellen konnte, was angesichts der offi ziellen Größe der litauischen Armee von 6100 Soldaten zufriedenstellend war. Den verfügbaren Quellen zufolge war das litauische Artilleriekorps mit insgesamt etwa 30 Soldaten, von denen die meisten aus der polnisch-litauischen Adelsrepublik stammten, nicht sehr groß.
Źródło:
Przegląd Historyczno-Wojskowy; 2023, XXIV (LXXV), 1(283); 40-66
1640-6281
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Historyczno-Wojskowy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zabiegi Marii Kazimiery o tron dla królewicza Jakuba w czasie wielkiej wojny północnej w świetle korespondencji z Narodowego Archiwum Historycznego Białorusi w Mińsku (1701-1704)
Maria Casimire’s attempts to secure the throne for Prince James during the Great Northern War in the light of the correspondence in the National Historical Archive of Belarus in Minsk (1701–1704)
Autorzy:
Czarniecka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1965529.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Muzeum Pałacu Króla Jana III w Wilanowie
Tematy:
Queen Maria Casimire of Poland
King Augustus II of Poland
the Great Northern War
Prince James Sobieski
King Charles XII of Sweden
history of Poland in the 18th century
Opis:
The article presents the actions undertaken by Maria Casimire during the Great Northern War in the hope of securing the throne of Poland for her eldest son Prince James. It is based on the queen's private correspondence with her eldest son, held in the National Historical Archive of Belarus in Minsk and being prepared for publication by the Museum of King John III's Palace at Wilanów. Letters dating from the years 1701-1704 reveal the queen's futile diplomatic endeavours to sway the opinion of the Holy See, as well as her attempts to secure the support of various European courts and to influence the anti-royalist opposition in Greater Poland through the intercession of supportive politicians. In addition, her correspondence discloses arguments referring to moral and ideological categories which the Sobieski family used to justify its actions, which were detrimental to the lawful reign of King Augustus II. The contents of these letters demonstrates Maria Casimire's considerable political experience; the queen was well versed in the mechanisms that ruled the democracy of the nobility, and especially in the bad political practices typical to it. The queen was her son's best advisor, mobilising him to act in concert with King Charles XII of Sweden, even though she herself was for a long time distrustful of him. Her correspondence with the prince indicates that Maria Casimire was deeply involved in the matter of her son's repeated election, but also shows that she was losing her political influence, especially in comparison with the period of the interregnum after the death of her husband King John III
Źródło:
Studia Wilanowskie; 2020, XXVII; 61-89
0137-7329
2720-0116
Pojawia się w:
Studia Wilanowskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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