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Tytuł:
Bałkańskie kompleksy „gorszej Europy” w prozie Ermisa Lafazanovskiego
Autorzy:
Moroz-Grzelak, Lilla
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/677478.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
“worse Europe”
contemporary Macedonian literature
Ermis Lafazanovski
Western Europe
Eastern Europe
Opis:
Balkan complexes of “worse Europe” in works of Ermis LafazanovskiOver the centuries, the European continent was divided into different spaces according to different axes: both geopolitical and economic history of East and West and the historical and geocultural division into North and South. Differentiation was present in Europe in various ways, either by the use of geographical terms, which became the indicators of difference, or how the politicians wanted to see it – split into Western Europe, Eastern Europe or Central and Eastern Europe. They represent the heterogeneity and diverse influences of civilization, that are reflected in its culture.The division into different cultural spaces is mirrored in the literature. Here, from a broad selection of south Slavic literature, for the basis of analysis two works of contemporary Macedonian writer Ermis Lafazanovski were selected: novel Hrapeshko and short story Exotic cantata. They reveal the existence of cultural differences and traditions, represented in the antinomies friend–foe, top–down which show spatial differences in Europe burdened by her stereotypes.
Źródło:
Slavia Meridionalis; 2012, 12
1233-6173
2392-2400
Pojawia się w:
Slavia Meridionalis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Europa Środkowa czy Europa Środkowo-Wschodnia? Europejskie kręgi cywilizacyjne
Eastern or Central-Eastern Europe? European civilization circles
Autorzy:
Winnicki, Zdzisław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521471.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych. Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
Central Europe
Eastern Europe
civilisation
Orthodox culture
Opis:
The area of the Central Europe that includes so called new countries of the European Union is incorrectly classified as Eastern Europe. In the categories of geopolitics and civilization paradigm the Eastern Europe includes Belarus, Ukraine and Moldova. There are three civilization circles in the Central and Easter Europe. The first one includes countries of the Catholic and Protestant culture, the second one countries of the Orthodox culture of the metropolis of Constantinople, while the third one countries of the Muscovite-Orthodox culture. Civilization affiliation promotes the development of contacts and geopolitical proximity
Źródło:
Wschodnioznawstwo; 2017, 11; 11-20
2082-7695
Pojawia się w:
Wschodnioznawstwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Narody w integrującej się Europie
Nations in Europe in Conditions of Integration
Autorzy:
Sztalt, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566662.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
Nations
Europe
Opis:
The paper presents a thesis that European integration and globalization are causes of the erosion of national identities. Attributes which are commonly tied with nation: language, separate territory, confession become less and less important. People who can in their everyday activity have profits of unlimited flows of capital, service and can chose their place of living, lose interest in their identifica- tion through those factors; they can speak fluently not only in their native language but in other languages as well; they can leave their territory without political barriers; their traditional confession is not as strong as it used to be earlier. Their identity - especially on higher strata of social stratification - is no more given them, but rather chosen now.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2005, 2 - Wielokulturowość w dobie globalizacji oraz integracji europejskiej; 41-59
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Słowiański kompleks Europy? Wzajemne relacje między Bułgarami a Zachodem
Slavic complex of Western Europe? Mutual relations between Bulgarians and the Occident
Autorzy:
Moroz-Grzelak, Lilla
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/694541.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Bulgarian
the Occident
Western Europe
Slavic lesser Europe
Opis:
The aim of the article was to show the relationship between Bulgaria and Europe in the past and of the present-day. The material used here comprises the texts of Western authors who perpetuated and still perpetuate the condescending treatment of Bulgarians and Bulgaria. The opinions of the Bulgarians about Europe were also presented. It was observed that the negative image of this country is determined by its location in the Balkans. The literature of the Western authors has preserved the idea of the Balkans as a battlefield between East and West, between barbarity and civilization. The border between Europe and the Balkans was understood in the past as a journey from civilization into the wild, from freedom to tyranny. Undoubtedly, the centuries of Turkish rule have left its mark on the inhabitants and culture of the Balkans. Bulgarians inhabiting a part of the Balkan Peninsula automatically found themselves in a part of the continent ill-perceived by the “Western world”. On the other hand, among the Bulgarians, as part of the Slavic world, there is a complex of underestimation and pursuit of Europe. Terms and wording related to the backwardness and catching up with Europe have become an element of the Bulgarian discourse. Bulgarian thinking duplicates stereotypes about the glory of the West and the Europeanization which they aspire to.
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Źródło:
Slavica Lodziensia; 2018, 2; 71-80
2544-1795
Pojawia się w:
Slavica Lodziensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Osobliwości wyglądu Sarmatów w relacjach cudzoziemców odwiedzających Rzeczpospolitą w XVIII wieku
The appearance of Poles as a curiosity in the writings of the foreigners visiting Poland during the 18th century
Autorzy:
Piotrowiak, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/545517.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydział Filologiczny
Tematy:
Sarmatism
postcolonial studies
appearance
foreigner
Western Europe
Eastern Europe
Opis:
The main goal of this article is to elaborate how the foreigners who visited Poland during the 18th century described the appearance of Poles. A post-colonial analysis of their diaries and journey reports shows that although they seem to admire traditional Sarmatian attire, its similarity to oriental clothing carries pretty negative connotations. People raised in Western European culture perceive Poles in a very similar way as they perceive inhabitants of the Orient: as a wild, uncivilised nation. In addition, Polish women are described as voluptuous and libidinous. The resignation from the traditional Old Polish attire can be interpreted as a way to avoid these negative stereotypes. It can be also treated as a symptom of constituting a modern hybrid collective identity of Polish people, torn between native culture and Western culture, without a possibility of full identification with any of them.
Źródło:
Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne; 2015, 3; 31-50
2353-4699
Pojawia się w:
Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Orlando Figes, Europejczycy. Początki kosmopolitycznej kultury, Wielka Litera, Warszawa 2021, ss. 608
Orlando Figes, The Europeans: Three Lives and the Making of a Cosmopolitan Culture, Wielka Litera, Warszawa 2021, ss. 608
Autorzy:
Jakimowicz-Pisarska, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32466439.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Fundacja PSC
Tematy:
Europe
culture
cosmopolitanism
Źródło:
Alcumena. Pismo Interdyscyplinarne; 2021, 2(6); 35-37
2719-9851
Pojawia się w:
Alcumena. Pismo Interdyscyplinarne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Agenda na Rzecz Zrównoważonego Rozwoju 2030 i jej wpływ na wybrane polityki Unii Europejskiej
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Its Impact on Selected European Union’s Policy
Autorzy:
Latoszek, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558301.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Europe 2020,
Sustainable Development,
Sustainable Europe,
Agenda 2030,
Horizon 2020
Opis:
The article addresses the issues related to the implementation of the European Union’s actions for sustainable development policy and the implementation of the 17 UN Development Goals through Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) being key tools for moving the world towards a sustainable development. In September 2015 the UN accepted a new global Agenda 2030 on the Sustainable Development with its tools – Sustainable Development Goals. Putting them into life should contribute to shifting the economic and political relations between developing, emerging and developed countries. According to the Agenda motto “ no one will be left behind”. To achieve this aim by EU not only a significant rethinking of its external policy must take place but also its domestic actions must be changed. A fundamental tool to achieve this goal and implement the Agenda should be STI which allows the transition of EU and its underdeveloped partners to new sustainable ways of their economies and societies development.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2017, 3; 97-116
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Starość w starzejącej się Europie
Old age in the aging Europe
Autorzy:
Krajewski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1964183.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
starość
Europa
aging
Europe
Opis:
The development of relationships between young people and the generation of the grandparents must be accompanied by a sense of solidarity and the need to share experiences, especially in the family circle. In this way, young people are slowly gaining experience in finding thread of understanding and creating relations with other people from the atomising population. Mutual understanding and keeping good relations between the generations also prevents the isolation and marginalization of the older generation; then the young people do not see any interest to „help” them in this. Today we can observe with concern how the culture of the nations living with the present moment is getting exhausted and disappears because the individual gradually is losing its connection with family members and the roots of its own history. After all, the older people are able to offer invaluable assistance to young people, they can be and should be the trustees of the past and all these things in order to prevent a young generation from forgetting traditions, customs, art, religion, music, culture, and crafts of their fathers.
Źródło:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2010, 8, 1; 23-28
1733-1218
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Trzy głosy o książce Włodzimierza Boleckiego Modalności modernizmu
Three Voices about the Book by Włodzimierz Bolecki Modalności modernizmu (Modalities of Modernism)
Autorzy:
Wyka, Marta
Szumna, Małgorzata
Chmurski, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1389798.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-01-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
modernism
Central Europe
Eastern Europe
Modalności modernizmu
modernity
historiography
Włodzimierz Bolecki
Opis:
The text is a commentary on the book Modalności modernizmu (“Modalities of Modernism”) by Włodzimierz Bolecki which is regarded here as a pioneer synthesis. The authors bring attention to Bolecki’s model of thinking about Central and Eastern European modernism and ponder about the new perspectives that this model opens up. Special emphasis is put on the questions of methodology and training of a new generation of interpreters who should be equipped with the competences essential for conducting this type of research. Also, the attention is brought to cognitive benefits resulting from the perspective combining the description of the typical features of not only Polish modernism but also the Modernisms of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and especially, which is ever more evident in this context, not self-evident, unique character of Polish literature of the 19th and 20th centuries and the Polish turn towards modern culture in the studies of the recent decades. A broader presentation of a regional perspective which is suggested in the book by Bolecki, could help to explain the empty space on the map of parallel transformations in close, and yet individually different countries of the region, forcing us to revise our previous ways of thinking about literature and culture of modernism, as well as the languages of its description.
Źródło:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka; 2014, 24; 309-318
1233-8680
2450-4947
Pojawia się w:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Samorząd jako wartość cywilizacyjna
Local Self-Government as a Civilizational Value
Autorzy:
Kasiński, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20047231.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
self-government
Europe
values
Opis:
The core of the local self-government stems from the Western (Latin) civilization values. European Nations have always fought for the qualities and perseverance of local self government. Currently it is considered an attribute of local democracy, although in the European tradition it has long been related to the pluralist values of social life organization. The communes; freedom, and their independence from the local government have been derived from natural law and seen as a condition for a healthy social system. Contemporarily, local self-government as a law and ability for local communities to manage a range of public matters independently, has been anew recognized as a social system value in uniting Europe. Yet there have also revived certain historical threats to the local selfgovernment arisen from central and local bureaucracy, particularism, and bribing local power elites. In such case, the fight for a local government that complies with Latin civilizational values acquires a special meaning.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2008, 11, 2; 205-216
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Instrument „Łącząc Europę” w aktywizacji współpracy i osiąganiu celów społeczeństwa informacyjnego
The “Connecting Europe Facility” in the Activation of Cooperation and Achievement of the Information Society Goals
Autorzy:
Greta, Marianna
Tomczak-Woźniak, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/548705.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
instrument „Łącząc Europę”
społeczeństwo informacyjne
cyfryzacja
Connecting Europe Facility
information society
digitization
Opis:
Na nową perspektywę finansową (2014–2020) został powołany nowy instrument finansowy utworzony z Europejskiego Funduszu Rozwoju Regionalnego (EFRR) oraz Funduszu Spójności (FS), który ma obsługiwać regiony peryferyjne (dysproporcyjne), w tym regiony współpracy trans-granicznej, które ów warunek peryferyjności spełniają w pełni. Pojawia się więc pytanie o jego zna-czenie w tych regionach i wpływ na tak pożądaną w Unii Europejskiej konwergencję. Z uwagi na fakt, iż założone wsparcie przez instrument „Łącząc Europę” odnosi się do trzech obszarów, w tym m.in. cyfryzacji (oprócz tego do transportu i energii), należy wnioskować, iż ten instrument służąc współpracy transgranicznej będzie służył budowaniu i osiągnięciu celów społeczeństwa informacyjnego. Taki też jest cel główny opracowania, które przybliżając instrument „Łącząc Europę” ma przedstawić jego znaczenie we współpracy transgranicznej i we wpływie na realizację założeń spo-łeczeństwa informacyjnego, które jest podstawą gospodarki opartej na wiedzy. Autorki przedstawiły wnioski z badań pilotażowych na poziomie NUTS II o znajomości tegoż instrumentu w polskich regionach.
For the new financial perspective (2014-2020) a new financial instrument was created from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and from Cohesion Fund (FS). The Connecting Eu-rope Facility is supposed to support peripheral (disproportional) regions including regions of the cross-border cooperation which wholly fulfill the peripheral conditions. So this raises a question about its’ meaning in these regions and it’s influence on the desired convergence in the European Union. Due to the fact, that the Connecting Europe Facility assumes support in 3 areas i.e. digitization (in addition to transport and energy), one could conclude that this instrument supporting cross-bor-der cooperation will also support building and the achievement of the goals of the information soci-ety. So this is also a main purpose of the study, which while presenting the Connecting Europe Facility describes its significance in cross-border cooperation and its influence on the realization of thefoundations of the information society which is the foundation of the knowledge-based economy. Authors described some conclusions from pilot research into the awareness of this instrument in polish regions at the NUTS II level.
Źródło:
Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy; 2015, 44 cz. 1; 163-176
1898-5084
2658-0780
Pojawia się w:
Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nazewnictwo geopolityczne wschodniej części Europy
Geopolitical naming in the eastern part of Europe
Autorzy:
Wilczyński, Witold J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/540334.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geopolityczne
Tematy:
Europa Wschodnia
Europa Środkowa
nazewnictwo geopolityczne
Eastern Europe
Central Europe
geopolitical naming
Opis:
Najbardziej rozpowszechnionymi w literaturze popularnej i naukowej nazwami odnoszącymi się do wschodniej części Europy są wyrażenia Europa Środkowa lub Środkowo-wschodnia. Geograficzne uzasadnienie ma natomiast utrwalone w literaturze i świadomości społecznej rozróżnienie między Wschodem a Zachodem Europy. Jest ono także zgodne z realiami geopolitycznymi. W artykule przedstawione są przyczyny i konsekwencje upowszechnienia określeń sugerujących istnienie w naszej części Europy istnienie jednostki regionalnej odrębnej od Europy Wschodniej i Europy Zachodniej, wskazując na konieczność ich wyeliminowania z dyskursu naukowego. Jest to konieczne w celu zwiększenia precyzji języka geografii i geopolityki. Bez tego nie jest możliwe prawidłowego odzwierciedlanie rzeczywistości geograficznej przez te dyscypliny, co z kolei rzutuje na ich przydatność w kształtowaniu stosunków międzynarodowych.
The primary tool utilized to shape and influence both social consciousness and international relations are geographical names used in textbooks and in the public debate. Their usefulness depends, among others, on how they are correct and precise. Contemporary geography does not seem to serve well international relations. This is because numerous geographical names are ambiguous and not precise. The most common names nowadays concerning the eastern part of Europe, both in scientific discourse and in colloquial language, are the expressions of Central Europe and East-Central Europe. Although they find justification neither in geographical reality nor in geopolitical conditions, they have dominated not only the media and popular publications, but also scientific literature. If the disciplines of geography and geopolitics are to be useful in foreign policy and international relations, they must reflect, with maximum precision, the geographic reality. Therefore it is necessary to restore the old distinction between East and West in the scientific discourse, which reflects best the geographical reality and geopolitical conditions of Europe.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geopolityczny; 2016, 18; 38-50
2080-8836
2392-067X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geopolityczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jacques’a Maritaina koncepcja federacyjna Europy (szkic problemu)
Jacques Maritain’s Conception of Federational Europe
Autorzy:
Gałkowski, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015647.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
Maritain
Europa
polityka
Europe
politics
Opis:
As early as the beginning of the Second World War J. Maritain in his two articles presented the vision of a United Europe. Our continent in fact was always in the state of war. The 20th century could have become a decline of European history, if the wars had not ended. J. Maritain's initiation was therefore to show the ways to peace. One way is unity of Europe. a formation of the federation of European nations. The article shows this way and its theoretical justification, something that can be found in his philosophical conception of politics.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2004, 52, 2; 123-131
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wielokulturowość: lekcje przeszłości
Autorzy:
Surman, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/678313.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
Central Europe
multuculturalism
postcolonial theory
Opis:
Multiculturalism: lessons from the pastReview: Understanding Multiculturalism. The Habsburg Central European Experience, ed. Johannes Feichtinger, Gary B. Cohen, Berghahn, Oxford–New York, 2014 (Austrian and Habsburg Studies 17), pp. 246While recently the concept of multiculturalism has been an object of strong criticism from the political side, the book under review takes another turn scrutinizing and historicizing it. Looking at Central Europe through the lenses of nonessentialism, postcolonialism or national indifference, multiple authors propose not only new ways of reading the history of the region, but also of establishing categories for the future research in historical cultural studies. Wielokulturowość: lekcje przeszłościRecenzja: Understanding Multiculturalism. The Habsburg Central European Experience, red. Johannes Feichtinger, Gary B. Cohen, Berghahn, Oxford–New York, 2014 (Austrian and Habsburg Studies 17), ss. 246.Podczas gdy koncept wielokulturowości był w ostatnim czasie obiektem mocnej krytyki, szczególnie ze strony polityki, recenzowana książka obiera inną pozycję, analizując i historyzując go. Spoglądając na Europe Środkową z użyciem nieesecjalizujących czy postkolonialnych koncepcji, autorzy proponują nie tylko nowe sposoby odczytania historii regionu, lecz także nowe kategorie dla przyszłych badań historii kulturowej.
Źródło:
Sprawy Narodowościowe; 2016, 48
2392-2427
Pojawia się w:
Sprawy Narodowościowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Europa Środkowa w geopolityce zjednoczonych Niemiec. Wybrane aspekty
Central Europe in the geopolitics of the united Germany. Selected issues
Autorzy:
Kozerski, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521511.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych. Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
Germany
geopolitics
Central Europe
reunification
Opis:
The unification resulted in a fundamental change in the geopolitical position of Germany. The Federal Republic has become the largest country in the EU in terms of population (82,8 million in 2017) and due to its total land area (over 357 thousand km²) it ranks number 14 in the list of countries by area. After the unification, the number of countries neighbouring Germany has increased (9), which makes Germany more focused on the development of bilateral relations in its immediate neighbourhood. Germany has become the main beneficiary of the conflict settlement between the East and West, since it is not exposed to the nuclear attack by the hostile power and its allies (the USSR, the Eastern block) yet. To its own benefit, the FRG has lost the status of a border state, as its border does not separate NATO from the Warsaw Pact. It does not separate the EEC from the COMECON either. Germany ceased to be a „training ground” of the cold war. After the Eastern enlargement in 2004 the country ceased to be the border state of the European Union. Furthermore, Germany was able to get unified and to become a sovereign state equal to other European countries in terms of its status. The FRG is not perceived as a revisionist state that denies post-war borders. Post-unification Germany is considered to be a predictable and credible state. Moreover, the country is an active member of alliances and international organizations. After the reunification, the Federal Republic had to redefine its position and role internationally. It has defined itself as a state in the centre of the continent and a bridge between the European East and West. Since 1990 Central Europe, most often identified with the post-communist states situated between Germany and Russia, has become an important point of reference for Germany and direction of pursuing its influence. After the unification Germany declared this region to be the zone of its influence and vital interests. The main goal of Bonn was to make the region stable by supporting the system transformation process and admitting the Visegrad Group member states to NATO and the European Union in the long term. There was a fear that if Germany’s eastern neighbours were not given a real prospect of membership in the Western integration structures they could become a seedbed of unrest and destabilisation. It was assumed that such threats could make an impact on Germany and adversely affect its internal situation. The main motive of the FRG in assuming the role of an advocate of the Central-European states on their way to accession to western alliances was to ensure stabilisation close to its (German) borders. By taking system transformation and accession to the EU and NATO under its patronage, Germany acquired a dominant position in the central part of Europe and thus made countries of the region dependent on it (mostly economically). A number of facts, including immigration crisis and its consequences, opposition of the Visegrad Group countries to the enforced relocation of refugees, the rise of Eurosceptic and anti-German sentiment in these countries, have resulted in a considerable tension in relations between Germany and the Visegrad Group states. Such state of affairs makes the Federal Republic of Germany gradually „turn its back” on the „renegade” Central Europe. A country of the European centre, whose interests were to be east-oriented after the unification, has been heading westward recently. Germany’s approval of the „multi-speed” concept in the EU as well as its endorsement for closer integration based on the euro zone seem to prove that statement.
Źródło:
Wschodnioznawstwo; 2017, 11; 109-122
2082-7695
Pojawia się w:
Wschodnioznawstwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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