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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Biochemiczna rewolucja, czyli rzecz o Leonie Marchlewskim i Marcelim Nenckim
    Biochemical revolution – some remarks about Leon Marchlewski’s and Marceli Nencki’s achievements
    Autorzy:
    Gryglewski, R. W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/172131.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
    Tematy:
    biochemia
    chemia organiczna
    chlorofil
    hemoglobina
    Marchlewski Leon
    Nencki Marceli
    biochemistry
    organic chemistry
    chlorophyll
    hemoglobin
    Opis:
    Understanding of the fundamental law and mechanisms governing the phenomenon of life is an inherent feature of human civilization. With the birth of philosophy comes first speculation about the physical conditions of life processes, which consequently will lead to the formation of the first scientific theories. Among them an important role plays the Hippocratic humoral theory. This scientific rout will be taken by the next generations of researchers seeking for the most appropriate methods and precise language of science. A significant breakthrough came in the 16th century, when Paracelsus coined his philosophical and alchemical doctrine which gives such attention to perpetual changes in living organisms, then described on the basis of transmutation. Nearly three centuries later, in the early nineteenth century the polish physician and chemist Jędrzej Śniadecki introduced the concept of metabolism, based on the principles that are present in compounds and chemical reactions. Just a dozen years later, in 1828, Wöhler`s synthesis of urea gives birth to organic chemistry. Language of chemistry has become a tool for the description of biological phenomena, slowly building up physiological chemistry which shortly was turned to biochemistry. For a young science one of the first challenges was the level of the rudimental for the living organisms dyes, which rightly appeared as essential for the understanding of the chemical nature of the phenomena of life. From that point the studies on chlorophyll (Pelletier, Caventou, Shunck, Hoppe- -Seyler) and hemoglobin (Hünefeld, Funke, Hoppe-Seyler) become crucial topic. In this pioneering studies significant, and sometimes decisive role was to be played by Polish scientists (Teichmann, Marchlewski, Nencki, Zaleski). Especially a few years’ time and very intense cooperation of Leon Marchlewski and Marcel Nencki would bring momentous decision. Marchlewski’s bold hypothesis about the chemical unity on the level of the basic dyes in plant and animal worlds was fully confirmed in the experimental procedure and the results achieved by Nencki brought the solution to the problem of the chemical structure of hemin. Joint research of Polish scientists became the foundation of modern biochemistry and had changed the biological and medical sciences so deeply, that we can talk about “biochemical revolution”. The following paper is an evaluation of the speech held by me during X National Organic Chemistry Symposium – OSCO X, Lodz, April 16–18, 2015.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2015, 69, 5-6; 465-477
    0043-5104
    2300-0295
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sieci metalo-organiczne jako multifunkcjonalne materiały przyszłości : mechanochemiczne podejście do syntezy
    Metal-organic frameworks as multifunctional materials of the future : mechanochemical approach to synthesis
    Autorzy:
    Jędrzejowski, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/171620.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
    Tematy:
    sieć metalo-organiczna
    mechanochemia
    mechanosynteza
    polimery koordynacyjne
    chemia koordynacyjna
    materiały porowate
    materiały multifunkcjonalne
    metal-organic frameworks
    mechanochemistry
    mechanosynthesis
    coordination polymer
    coordination chemistry
    porous materials
    multifunctional materials
    Opis:
    Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a relatively new class of advanced inorganic-organic materials. Due to their modular structures and possible incorporation of various properties, that materials find more and more applications in many fields of science and industry. MOFs are coordination polymers, i.e. compounds with coordination bonds propagating infinitely in at least one dimension. Their characteristic feature is the presence of potential free spaces, i.e. pores. The free spaces often appear after proper activation, e.g. thermal activation. Other common properties of MOFs include for instance large specific surface areas and pore volumes, modifiable size and chemical environment of the pores, and network flexibility. All these properties result in the use of MOFs in e.g. selective sorption, separation or storage of gases, heterogeneous catalysis, design and fabrication of sensors, etc. During more than twenty years of the history of MOFs, many methods of their synthesis have been developed, including the most popular in solution at elevated temperatures (e.g. solvothermal method). Nevertheless, the activity of pro-ecological environments and the requirements set by international organizations encourage scientists to create new methods of synthesis, which, according to the guidelines presented by the 12 principles of green chemistry, will be safer, less aggressive, less toxic and less energy-consuming. One of the answers to meet these requirements is the use of mechanosynthesis. Mechanochemical synthesis relies on the supply of energy to a system by mechanical force, by grinding or milling. By combining or transforming solids in this way, the presence of a solvent, which is most often the main source of contamination and waste, can be minimised or completely excluded. Mechanical force is typically used for purposes other than MOF synthesis, e. g. catalyst grinding. Nevertheless, the use of mechanical force in synthesis is becoming more and more popular. The most important advantages of this approach, apart from its environmental impact, are very high efficiency (usually close to 100%) and drastically reduced reaction time. Of course, there are examples where these advantages are not observed. In such cases, mechanosynthetic modifications are introduced, such as e.g. addition of small amount of liquid (Liquid-Assisted Grinding) and/or a small addition of simple inorganic salt (Ion- and Liquid-Assisted Grinding). Furthermore, new instrument setups are being developed to monitor reaction mixtures in situ during mechanosynthesis, e.g. by use of such techniques as powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. This enables valuable insights into mechanisms and allows for mechanosynthesis optimization.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2018, 72, 9-10; 645-666
    0043-5104
    2300-0295
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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