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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Polityka zatrudnienia w gospodarce lokalnej
    The Employment Policy of the Local Authorities
    Autorzy:
    Gogolewska, Jadwiga
    Wilk, Kazimiera
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905907.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1993
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1993, 129
    0208-6018
    2353-7663
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Projekty bliźniacze jako narzędzie dostosowania instytucjonalnego Polski do integracji z Unią Europejską
    Twin Projects as an Instrument of Poland’s Institutional Adaptation to Its Integration with the European Union
    Autorzy:
    Wilk, Kazimiera
    Najdora, Iwona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906392.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Opis:
    The accession of Poland to the European Union requires creating adequate institutional conditions. The strengthening of institutional and administrative capacity of Poland (and other candidate countries) is also in the interest of EU - hence its help with creating and strengthening administrative structures in those countries. The main source of this help is PHARE. One of its components - Institution Building - allows financing the strengthening of administrative capacity. One of the mechanisms of support of institution building is twinning. It is the agreement between an institution in the candidate country and its equivalent in one or more member states. The aim of twinning is to deliver specific and guaranteed results, agreed between the parties in advance and fulfilling the goals set out in the Accession Partnerships. The parties sing the "Twinning Covenant" in which they agree on detailed work plan and means to achieve the result. It is the new form of co-operation of candidates and member states of EU. The article touches on the meaning of twinning projects and the commitment of member states in their implementation.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2004, 174
    0208-6018
    2353-7663
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Adsorpcja dwufunkcyjnych labilnych surfaktantów kationowych na granicy faz ciecz/gaz : opis za pomocą modelu kwazi-dwuwymiarowego elektrolitu
    Adsorption of dicephalic labile cationic surfactants at liquid/gas interfaces : surface quasi-two-dimensional electrolyte model descripton
    Autorzy:
    Frąckowiak, Renata
    Para, Grażyna
    Lamch, Łukasz
    Szyk-Warszyńska, Lilianna
    Wilk, Kazimiera A.
    Warszyński, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2057918.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
    Tematy:
    kationowe surfaktanty wielofunkcyjne
    surfaktanty chemodegradowalne
    adsorpcja
    napięcie powierzchniowe
    model adsorpcji
    multifunctional cationic surfactants
    chemodegradable surfactants
    adsorption
    surface tension
    adsorption model
    Opis:
    There is an increasing interest in surfactants that comprise a linkage that breaks down in a controlled way. The most known examples of the cleavage mechanism include acid or alkaline hydrolysis, UV irradiation, enzymatic or heat decomposition. For practical reasons, the labile grouping can be inserted between the hydrophobic tail of the surfactant and the polar head group. Chemically and/or enzymatically induced cleavage of this labile bond would cause the separation of the polar part and the hydrophobic tail and, consequently, change of surface activity, an event usually referred to as the primary degradation of the surfactant. Dicephalic labile cationic surfactants belong to the class of surface active compounds with many potential applications often associated with their biological activity for a wide range of bacteria, viruses, fungi, or algae. Thus, they can be used in disinfecting agents or for protecting against the occurrence of these microorganisms. They adsorb well on negatively charged surfaces, which can be used in the treatment of fabrics. Due to excellent antistatic properties, they can be used for the final rinsing of fabrics, especially synthetic ones. In flotation processes, they can act as collectors, and in catalysis, they can be used as phase transfer catalysts or templates for zeolite synthesis. We present the surface quasi-two-dimensional electrolyte (STDE) model as a universal model for the description of ionic surfactants’ adsorption at fluid interfaces that explicitly considers the electric double formation upon surfactant adsorption. The model was adapted to describe phenomena occurring for adsorption of dicephalic surfactants as counterion specificity or formation of surfactant ioncounterion associates. As an example, we applied the model to explain the mechanism of adsorption at water/air interface of novel dicephalic cationic surfactants, N,N-bis[3,3′-(trimethylammonio)propyl]alkylamide dibromides and N,N-bis[3,3′-(trimethylammonio)propyl]alkylamide dimethylsulfates, both belonging to the class of chemodegradable surfactants having amide bond between two quaternary amine cationic groups and a single hydrophobic tail. Additionally, we used the same model to describe adsorption isotherms of N,N-bis[3,3- (dimethylamine)propyl]alkylamide dichlorides, having as two hydrophilic groups tertiary amines, which charge is pH-dependent. Application of the STDE model allowed an excellent description of experimental adsorption isotherm of dicephalic cationic surfactants and explained the specific features connected with the presence of multicharged headgroup.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2021, 75, 9-10; 1119--1155
    0043-5104
    2300-0295
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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