- Tytuł:
- Tradycje muzyczne społeczności polskiej na Wileńszczyźnie: opinie i zachowania
- Autorzy:
- M. Nowak, Tomasz
- Powiązania:
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https://bibliotekanauki.pl/books/1450007.epub
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/books/1450007.mobi
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/books/1450007.pdf
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/books/1450007.zip - Data publikacji:
- 2005
- Wydawca:
- Towarzystwo Naukowe Warszawskie
- Opis:
- This book is a version of the author's doctoral dissertation and it presents some results of his field research carried between 1997 and 2001 in Vilnius region. It is an attempt to discuss the total of musical and dancing repertoire, the directions of its change. The text presents local knowledge also on value system, eg. standards of excellence in musical and dance performance, and generally it preserves the cultural heritage of the Polish national minority in Lithuania. This issue has not been described in a satisfactory way so far, in spite of undertaking it by Polish researchers from the Vilnius University. It was Konstanty Tyszkiewicz (in the 50s of 19th century) and Cezaria Baudouin de Courteney Ehrenkreutz Jędrzejewiczowa (in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century), who conducted the first field research on the territory of Vilnius and Grodno regions. Their researches were afterwards continued by Bronisława Gawrońska and Kazimierz Moszyński in the late 30s. After the Second World War Lithuania and Belorussia were incorporated in the Soviet Republics. During this time Lithuanian and Belorussian researchers were not interested in folk culture of Poles on their territory, whereas there was no possibility for polish scientints to conduct research among the polish minorities alongside the Eastern Borders. The situation changed in the early 90's when Lithuania gained independence. The first part of book present Polish society in Vilnius region. Some Poles lived in Vilnius in the early 15th century, after the first Polish-Lithuanian Union. But a lot of poor Polish nobles came there between 16th and 19th century. They mixed with lithuanian poor nobles, who then started to feel Poles. In the late 19 th and in the beginning of 20 th century some of the reach villagers living closely to the nobles' villages started to use polish language in church, and finally they began to feel Poles as well. Therefore in the 20s Poles made about 70% of the whole population of this territory. Nowadays only about three hundreds thousand inhabitants live on the area of our interest (about 20% of Vilnius' population, and about 70% of villages' population around Vilnius). All Poles speak two or three languages (russian, polish and lithuanian) and use them every day. Polish is spoken mostly at church. In offices people use russian or the state language. Very often people use the local language, so called simple, similar to belarussian. The most important thing seems to be national awareness and declaration -I am Pole. The secend part is about the traditions of Poles living in the Vilnius region and the repertuire which survived in memories of informers. It is about the music of the nobles (mainly in the 19th century) and the peasants - especially family rituals (mainly wedding) and annual ceremonies (processions of masked of figures in Christmas, welcoming spring, Eastern singing, harvest). In the next part the author discribes the vocal tradition and repertoire. Importent is the language (polish or simply) and the kind of the songs, either its musical character (similar to character of songs from polish teritory with changes coming from lithuanian background) and the manner of performans (apocope, long ends of phrase). The most important part of this book is focused on a topic not sufficiently studied in song-oriented ethnomusicology, namely instrumental practice - the kinds of instruments, social image and activities of instrumentalists. Special attention is paid to dance tradition. The author could find only 19 instrumentalists of the older generation who play dulcimer, fiddle or accordion. The traditional set of instruments includes the dulcimer, fiddle and one-sided small drum (tambourine). Historical sources confirm the existence of the musical bow and numerous aerophones connected with shepherding, such as flutes and horns. Until the 19th century the region was visited by players on hurdy-gurdies and bagpipes. The evolution of the accordion in the 20th century can be well illustrated in the region. The author discusses the process of cultural changes, e.g. the influence of broadcasting and folk ensembles, comparing historical data with contemporary interviews. His typology of local dances witch comprises ritual, social (waltz, polka, krakowiak, padespan, quadrille, oberek, aleksander, karoboczka, wasadula, suktinis, foxtrot, narieczeriku, kochaneczka, tango, lansjer) and play dances refers to the older ones of the 1930s. Dances and dance behaviour are described in a detailed way also by the performers themselves. In the last chapter the author discuss the changes in tradition, music and dance in contemporary society and musical tradition of the resatlers, living in Poland (especially in the North-West side of Poland).
- Dostawca treści:
- Biblioteka Nauki
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