- Tytuł:
-
Zmiany znaków na XX-wiecznych mapach topograficznych w skali 1:100 000
Symbol changes on 20th century topographic maps in 1:100 000 - Autorzy:
- Kuna, J.
- Powiązania:
- https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204522.pdf
- Data publikacji:
- 2014
- Wydawca:
- Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
- Tematy:
-
mapa topograficzna
semantyka kartograficzna
zmienne graficzne
topographic map
cartographic semantics
graphic variables - Opis:
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Artykuł jest próbą przedstawienia zmian zakresu treści wybranych XX-wiecznych map topograficznych w skali 1:100 000 obejmujących Lublin oraz zmian formy graficznej znaków z uwzględnieniem różnic semantycznych i stosowanych zmiennych graficznych.
The 20th century was a time of change in the concept of topographic map design. The article focuses on analysis related to the influence of 20th century technological changes in the graphic form of symbols applied on topographic maps, using maps in the scale of 1:100 000 as examples. The choice of maps was dictated by availability and representativness for the 20th century Polish territory. The following maps presenting the region of Lublin and its surroundings have been analyzed: Karte des westlichen Rufllands by the Prussian Royal Geodesy Service from the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th century, the tactical map of Poland by the Military Geographical Institute from the 1930s, a topographic map in the "GUGiK-1980" projection from the 1980s and the topographic map of Poland by the General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces -the tourist edition from the 1990s (fig. 1). The Prussian map from World War I was printed using lithography. The late maps by the Military Geographical Institute made in the 1930s are one of the most beautiful works of the "offset revolution". The maps by the Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography (GUGiK) are the civil version of military maps which were classified as secred in the times of the People's Republic of Poland (before 1990). The map by the General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces was made at the time when Polish cartography was on the verge of the computerization era. During the past century, there occurred changes in both the contents of maps and its classification, as well as in the form of cartographic symbols. The ten¬dency to define notions and classify topographic objects in better detail has become clearly apparent. The most changes occurred in the methods of clas¬sification of transport contents, a little less in the remaining anthropogenic elements, and the least - in classification of natural elements. Graphic construction of symbols indirectly points to the technological process of map design and publication. Symbols on one- and two-color maps were designed differently than the symbols on multicolor maps. In the first half of 20th century, limited possibilities of color usage influenced bigger diversification of symbols' shapes and sizes. In the beginning of 20th century, image signs or image-symbolic signs constituted a large percentage of symbols applied on maps, whereas by the end of 20th century - symbolic and geometrical signs were most dominant. Therefore we witness a growing level of abstraction of maps as depictions of geographical space. - Źródło:
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Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny; 2014, T. 46, nr 1, 1; 47-61
0324-8321 - Pojawia się w:
- Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
- Dostawca treści:
- Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł