Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "ukraine" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 948
Tytuł:
Russia’s Hybrid War with Ukraine: Determinants, Instruments, Accomplishments and Challenges
Autorzy:
Hajduk, Jurij
Stępniewski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/557991.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Russia–Ukraine hybrid war
Ukraine crisis
Russia–Ukraine
information war
Ukraine
Russia
Opis:
The objective of the present paper is to define the determinants and instruments associated with the information (hybrid) war between Russia and Ukraine. The paper focuses on measures taken by Russia, between 2013 and 2015, in relation to Ukraine. The paper does not aspire to discuss the issue comprehensively, but constitutes an attempt at outlining the problem, indicating determinants and characteristics of the information war (information war as an element of hybrid warfare). The consolidated Russian information space is subordinated to the interests of authorities and draws heavily from the tools characteristic for propaganda, frequently relying upon the Soviet model. In addition, this is done with the view of re-establishing the “Russian World” (Русский мир), which would be wholly subject to Russia’s political interests. Moreover, Russian propaganda goes hand in hand with military actions – a conventional conflict in South-Eastern Ukraine.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2016, 2; 37-52
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Situation of Forced Migrants from Ukraine in Europe after Russian Military Aggression and the Problems of Ukraine’s Migration Policy in These New Conditions
Autorzy:
Pozniak, Oleksiy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2233814.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Ukraine
forced migrants from Ukraine
Russian war against Ukraine
forced migrants from Ukraine in Europe
migration policy
Opis:
This article assesses the situation of forced migrants from Ukraine in European countries. I use data from the Statistical Bureaux and sociological institutions of Ukraine and recipient countries and from international organisations. Semi-structured interviews with experts were conducted in order to expand the information base of the research and obtain more substantiated analytical results and the trends of forced migration from Ukraine since 24 February 2022 were investigated. An attempt was made to explain the difference between the data from various sources regarding the migration of Ukrainians caused by the Russian war against Ukraine. The hierarchy of problems of forced migrants from Ukraine is determined on the base of in-depth interviews of experts. An attempt was made to estimate the impact of the forced migration of Ukrainians on local markets of goods and services. The recommendations for minimising the irreversible migration losses of the population of Ukraine are developed.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2023, 12, 1; 159-181
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thinking Beyond the Centuries of Neglect: Diaspora and Democratic Processes in the Context of Ukraine
Autorzy:
Oleinikova, Olga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972689.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Ukraine
diaspora
Opis:
The collection of papers in this section aims to overcome the territorial bias that shapes democratic thinking and underpins diaspora scholarship (particularly diaspora engagement with democratic processes and its potential and contribution to democratic change) and to propose a deterritorial vision of both these elements. Having the Ukrainian case study at its centre, this section asks how the modern perspective of dispersal offers a useful way to conceptualise diaspora, while examining how the modern diaspora activity enables diasporas to influence the processes of democratisation and high skilled migrants to impact democratic processes in their homeland. In this section we seek to probe how various actors and groups, located across territorial space, can affect political systems and, more specifically, influence democratic processes. In that sense, this section is driven by a post-territorial vision of politics and democratisation processes that privilege networks of affiliation and organising, rather than geographically-bound political movements. It focuses on the nexus between one form of displacement, diaspora, and a particular political system, democracy, to provide insights into how the former might impact democratic processes. Specifically, this section explores that nexus principally in relation to the role of the multifaceted Ukrainian diaspora and their efforts to get involved in the democratic processes and democracy building in contemporary Ukraine.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2020, 9, 2; 5-13
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Russia’s war with Ukraine and Russia’s revisionism on the international stage
Autorzy:
STĘPNIEWSKI, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2142383.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-08
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
Russia-Ukraine war
Russia’s revisionism
Ukraine
Russia
Ukraine’s security
Central Europe’s security
Opis:
Russia’s armed conflict with Ukraine, ongoing since 2014, has created conditions for Russia to revise the balance of power in Eastern Europe, and even the international order established after the Cold War. The aim of this article is firstly to show Ukraine, in a highly synthetic way, as a state at a crossroads but simultaneously a key state in terms of Russia’s interests in the post-Soviet area, then the motives for Russia’s redrawing the post-Cold War international order, taking into account the location and role of Ukraine. The article merely indicates the problem of research, and does not claim the right to comprehensively cover the issue in question.
Źródło:
Historia i Świat; 2022, 11; 329-336
2299-2464
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Świat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
European Union, Eastern Europe and Russia: Trilateral Relations in the Period of Ukraine’s Crisis
Autorzy:
Stępniewski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/647547.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
European Union, Eastern Europe, Russia, Ukraine, Ukraine’s crisis
Opis:
As a result of geopolitical changes which occurred on the verge of the 1980s and 1990s, the map of East-Central Europe underwent signifiant modifiations. The enlargement of the EU encompassing Central European states (especially Poland) contributed to the change of the EU’s attitude towards the post-Soviet space. Up to the time of the enlargement, due to the dominance of the “Russia fist” policy, the EU did not recognize the need for tightening relations with post-Soviet states. After 2004, a gradual change in the EU’s attitude towards its eastern neighborhood can be observed. The present paper aims to describe the EU’s eastern policy in the period of crises: on the one hand, those plaguing the EU, and on the other, the so-called Ukrainian crisis. The crisis, a de facto, armed conflct between Russia and Ukraine, has resulted not only in a geopolitical change in Eastern Europe, but also exerted impact upon conditions the EU’s eastern policy is realized in. In 2017, it is 8 years since the Eastern Partnership was implemented. The project, its achievements, objectives and opportunities need to be revisited. In other words, works on the Eastern Partnership 2.0 ought to be commenced. A change of both the approach and narration as far as the EaP project is concerned, is required. New areas and filds the EaP will offer opportunities for EaP-EU relations to be tightened ought to be discovered. The armed conflct in Ukraine, resulting in the instability of eastern neighborhood, constitutes a security challenge for the whole area of Eastern Europe.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia; 2017, 24, 1
1428-9512
2300-7567
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Armaments used in the Ukrainian conflict 2014–2015
Autorzy:
Plokšto, Artur
Demeško, Andriej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-23
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
Ukraine
conflict
armament
Opis:
The development of events in Ukraine at the end of 2014 led to the outbreak of armed fighting in Donbas, where virtually all kinds of land forces’ arms were used, not only of Soviet or Russian production but also the latest ones and armaments that had been previously withdrawn from operation. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the armaments used during the fighting in the Donbas region, innovations in weaponry and tactics in the period from April 2014 to the middle of February 2015. The study is based on the qualitative analysis of primary source materials from photographs and video clips available in free circulation as well as information shared in online forums (particularly Russian ones) and unstructured interviews with the participants of those events. The findings of the study pertain to the kinds of Soviet and Russian land forces’ armaments in a real combat situation as well as the tactics involved in using them.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2017, 15, 2; 54-84
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tectono-sedimentary evolution of the junction area between the Western and Eastern Carpathian nappe systems (Ukrainian Carpathians)
Autorzy:
Hnylko, Oleh
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202114.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
Carpathians
Ukraine
Tethys
Opis:
The Carpathians contain the remains of the Western Tethys, the main of which are: continental/microcontinental fragments (Alkapa and Tisza-Dacia terranes) of the Tethys Ocean, now located in the Central (Inner) Carpathians, and (palaeo)accretionary prisms, building mainly the Outer Carpathians. The Ukrainian Carpathians occupy the junction where the Western Carpathian and Eastern Carpathian nappe systems converged. In the presented work, author try to reconstruct the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Eastern and Western Carpathian nappe systems in the junction area on the basis of own and published geomapping works, stratigraphic, sedimentological and structural research using existing restorations (see van Hinsbergen et al., 2020 and references therein). The Central Western Carpathian nappes (part of the Alcapa Terrane) are not exposed in Ukraine and probably buried under Neogene Transcarpathian Depression. The Central Eastern Carpathian nappes (part of the Tisza-Dacia Terraine) are represented in Ukraine by the Marmarosh thick-skinned basement nappes, that were formed in the Early Cretaceous time and overlapped by the latest Early Cretaceous–Paleogene post-nappe sedimentary cover. Between the Central Eastern and Central Western Carpathian nappe systems, the Pieniny Klippen Belt suture zone and Monastyrets Nappe filled with Paleogene flysch are developed. The structure of the junction between the Outer Eastern and Outer Western Carpathian nappe systems is more complicated. In Ukraine, the Outer Carpathians are made up of a several stacked nappes filled with Cretaceous–Neogene, mainly flysch sediments uprooted from their original substratum. In the Eastern Carpathian segment of Tethys at the Late Jurassic and/or Early Cretaceous, Ceahlau-Severin ocean (called Fore-Marmarosh one in Ukraine) was opened between the Dacia continental block (part of the Tisza-Dacia Terrane) and the Eurasian continent (van Hinsbergen et al., 2020 and references therein), that suggested by rift oceanic and continental basalts occurring under the Cretaceous flysch of the Outer Eastern Carpathian. Sinking of the Dacia (micro)continent into a subduction zone existed in the Neotethys ocean and inclined to the west (van Hinsbergen et al., 2020), could have caused the east-directed thrusting of the thick-skinned Marmarosh Nappes towards the CeahlauSeverin ocean. Ahead the Marmarosh nappe pile, the Eastern Carpathian Internal flysch thin-skinned nappes such as the Kamyanyi Potik, Rahiv, Burkut, Krasnoshora, Svydovets and Chornohora ones were formed. Coarsening upward and regular younging of the stratigraphic successions from inner to outer nappes suggest their attribution to the accretionary wedge growed in the Early Cretaceous–Paleogene time due to the subduction of the Outer Carpathian flysch basin basement under the Marmarosh pile. In the Western Carpathian segment, the Pieniny Klippen Belt accretionary wedge began to rise in the Late Cretaceous due to subduction of the Penninic oceanic domain under the Central Western Carpathians (part of the Alcapa Terrane) accompanied by detaching and grouping together originally very distant lithofacies (Plašienka, 2018 and references therein). The Western Carpathian Internal flysch nappes such as the Magura and Dukla units were attached to the Fore-Alcapa prism during the Middle Eocene–Oligocene, accordantly to outward shifting and uplifting of the trench-like Magura and Krosno lithofacies during this time. Closuring of the Monastyrets “between-terrainian” flysch basin at the late Eocene suggests the collision of the Alcapa and Tisza–Dacia terranes at the turn the Eocene and Oligocene. As a result, the Fore-Alcapa and Fore-Tisza-Dacia wedges were incorporated within an amalgamated internal wedge system that limited from the SW the Outer Carpathian basin. This unificated Menilite–Krosno basin was gradually uplifted and its deposits were subsequently thrusted as the external Silesian, Skyba and Boryslav-Pokyttya nappes onto the Miocene Carpathian Foredeep. Sedimentological and structural data suggest northeastward shift/migration of the wedge front–trench/foredeep– forebulge during Carpathian evolution. In addition, the junction of the Eastern and Western Carpathian accretionary wedges is complicated by strike-sleep movements.
Źródło:
Geotourism / Geoturystyka; 2023, 1-2 (72-73); 25--26
1731-0830
Pojawia się w:
Geotourism / Geoturystyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ukrainian Concert Culture as needs Undeveloped developing
Autorzy:
Karyagin, Yuriy O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2151242.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
music
concert
Ukraine
Opis:
Music is an important part of our emotional and spiritual life. And certainly, no technical device can communicate the emotions one receives when sitting in the music hall and enjoying live performance by the favorite artist. This is especially true in the era of music consumption, when even CD quality - forget about vinyl -is forgotten in favor of MP3 format, which is more comfortable in use but is known for faults of compression. Certainly, live performances give feelings incomparable with listening to such recordings. But Ukraine lacks the culture of attending and organizing live shows, and this is a problem to deal with if we want the new generations to understand what musical beauty is about. Music enriches personality, and Ukrainians now are effectively deprived of it.
Źródło:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2017, 4(21); 51-55
1730-0266
Pojawia się w:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“Canada will not stand idly by ...”: Ukraine in the Foreign Policy of Canada
Autorzy:
Marczuk-Karbownik, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648418.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Ukraine
Canada
Canada-Ukraine relations
Canada’s support for Ukraine
Canadian foreign policy
Canada-Poland relations
Opis:
Ukraine has always had a special place in Canadian foreign policy. Currently, Canada is deeply engaged in supporting Ukraine to restore political and economic stability and to implement democratic reforms. The Government in Ottawa has condemned Russian aggressive policy and the illegal military occupation of Crimea and has taken a variety of steps and initiatives since the beginning of the crisis in Ukraine in 2014 including imposing sanctions, economic and military assistance, and supporting of NATO measures.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2016, 18, 2
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolution of the Methodology of Conducting Military Operations on the Example of the Clash of Two-Speed Civilisations During the Conflict in Ukraine 2014–2022
Autorzy:
Mitkow, Szymon
Górnikiewicz, Marcin
Sługocka, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2195798.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
military operation
war in Ukraine
two-speed civilisations
Russia
Ukraine
Opis:
The difference in the methodology of conducting military operations by Russian and Ukrainian troops during the war ongoing since February 2022 is striking. It does not result only from the adopted convention of conducting these activities but is conditioned on a much deeper mental level resulting from cultural conditions. They determine the perception and understanding of the phenomenon of war. In other words, the operational and tactical methodology can be adapted to changing realities, provided that the essence of such a change is understood in terms of achieving the assumed military and non-military goals. Furthermore, these goals could be achieved by conducting military operations according to a completely different methodology, probably with much greater effectiveness. Why, in such a perspective, did the Russian side choose such a barbaric way of conducting war, characterising the methodology of military actions of the past decades or even centuries? This paper aims to answer the research question: What premises condition the Russian methodology of military action in the Russian-Ukrainian war of 2022? Empirical methods were employed to obtain an answer to this question.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2022, 4(51); 35-46
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Ukraine Crisis and Shift in us Foreign Policy
Autorzy:
Woźniak, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648414.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Ukraine Crisis
US Foreign Policy
Ukraine
Russia
NATO
European Security
Opis:
War in Ukraine and the Russian annexation of Crimea are the events that changed the US policy towards Russia. The events in Ukraine forced the United States to take a closer look at Eastern and Central Europe. The United States’ policy during the Ukrainian crisis has been limited to sanctions and strong statements so far because in Ukraine there is an asymmetry of interests. Ukraine is much more important to Russia than to the United States. The United States may be willing to support the democratic and western aspiration of Ukrainians but will not risk a major conflict with Russia over it. However the crisis in Ukraine is not only about Ukraine or Russia. It is also about US credibility around the world. Both friends and foes are watching closely the American reaction to the situation. That is why the United States has increased its military presence in those NATO countries that share borders with Russia.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2016, 18, 2
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Poland’s support for Ukraine’s aspirations to NATO membership
Autorzy:
Jureńczyk, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24012139.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
Ukraine
NATO membership
Polska
NATO open door policy
war in Ukraine
Opis:
The aim of the article is to analyse and evaluate Poland’s attitude towards Ukraine’s aspirations to NATO membership. The main research problem is the question whether the authorities of sovereign Poland unambiguously supported the idea of Ukraine’s membership in NATO and whether they took measurable actions to implement it. The Polish authorities, regardless of political provenance, have invariably been in favour of NATO’s ‘open door’ policy since the end of the Cold War. They have supported the idea of including the post-Soviet republics, including Ukraine, in the Alliance. Ukraine’s entry into NATO is in Poland’s strategic interest, as it would almost cease to play the role of the Alliance’s flank state, which would significantly increase its security. The Polish authorities failed to convince NATO allies, mainly Western European countries, to include Ukraine in NATO, which was due to Russia’s strong opposition. However, new circumstances appeared with the Russian aggression against Ukraine in 2022. During the research, the method of content analysis of text sources was used.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2023, LII, 3; 29-40
1899-6264
2451-0718
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Russia–Ukraine War: Remembrance, Identity and Legacies of the Imperial Past
Autorzy:
Stępniewski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/419614.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Russia-Ukraine war
remembrance
Ukraine’s identity
Russia’s imperial past
Opis:
The paper analyses the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian confl ict from the point of view of the struggle for remembrance and identity between two post-Soviet states. Will the war of the brotherly nations wreck Russia’s long-term policy towards Ukraine? Will the confl ict ruin Russia’s plans of post-Soviet space reintegration whose pivot is set on Ukraine? Will the war stimulate Ukraine to deal with the issue of its identity, post-Soviet legacy and collective memory? Ukrainian crisis is also a challenge for the transformation of Ukraine’s political system. The relations between Ukraine and Russia are extremely complex as they are built on a shared history, religion, language and culture and they should not be gauged with Western standards. Evaluating the current situation from a broader perspective, the fact that Ukraine plays a signifi cant role in Russia’s foreign policy needs to be emphasised. Ukraine is considered as the key post-Soviet state, a significant ‘near abroad’ country whose position, potential and geopolitical location are vital for the balance of power in both Eastern Europe and Europe in general.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Polish European Studies; 2017, 20; 169-178
1428-1503
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Polish European Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Palaeolithic loess-site Yezupil on Dni ster (Ukraine)- stratigraphy, environment and cultures
Autorzy:
Bogutskiy, Andriy
Cyrek, Krzysztof J.
Konecka-Batley, Krystyna
Łanczont, Maria
Madeyska, Teresa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2026776.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
loess
paleosols
Palaeolithic
Ukraine
Opis:
Yezupil is the first Middle Palaeolithic site discovered in upper part of the Dnister River valley. It is situated in a set of sediments composed of loess and fossil soils lying on alluvia. The results of geological and palaeopedological investigations are presented. They contain lithological and geochemical analyses (main components and trace elements), as well as micromorphological study. Palaeo- and petromagnetic record is presented too. Horohiv pedocomplex developed from the older, Wartanian loess. It is composed of luvisol originated during the Eemian Interglacial and chernozem soil - during the Early Vistulian interstadials. An subarctic brown Dubno soil dated to the Interplenivistulian (Middle Vistulian interstadials) separates two parts of the younger loess. Older assemblage of Middle Palaeolithic-Mousterian culture with Levalloisian technique was found in the E horizon of the luvisol and therefore it could be dated to the Eemian Interglacial. Younger Middle Palaeolithic-Micequian-type materials were situated in partially redeposited by solifluction, Early Vistulian chernozem. Scanty and uncharacteristic Upper Palaeolithic assemblage was found in interstadiał Dubno palaeosol.
Źródło:
Studia Quaternaria; 2001, 18; 25-46
1641-5558
2300-0384
Pojawia się w:
Studia Quaternaria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 948

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies