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Tytuł:
HOUSEHOLD DEBT IN POLAND IN THE YEARS 2005-2017 – LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE CASE OF SWISS FRANC LOANS. A CONTRIBUTION TO DEBATE
Autorzy:
Żywicka, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
credit in foreign currency
the consumer
Opis:
The subject of the article is the problem of the legal construction of loans denominated and indexed with a  foreign exchange rate (CHF), which were incurred by Polish consumers in 2005-2017 and their repayment. The main problem analyzed in the article is the issue of repayment of franc loans noticed and analyzed both in scientific circles (by lawyers, economists, sociologists) and by politicians, which testifies to the significance and size of the phenomenon. This article will present individual views and proposals of the author in relationto Polish conditions, primarily from the legal point of view, the author firstly presents the legal construction of the loan, then presents the positions of banks and courts and proposes the cancellation of the contract and the conversion of some of its provisions.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2018, 33, 2; 7-20
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Advertising - psychological aspects of the influence of marketing tricks
Autorzy:
Olejniczak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/213175.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
advertising
marketing tricks
satisfy the needs of the consumer
mechanisms of action of advertising
Opis:
Deliberations included in this article lead to the conclusion that the road to a success on the market is a series of continuous activities aimed at satisfying the needs of customers. In the contemporary world advertising is a very important element of interpersonal relations. It is also an important way of passing on information, emotions and our vision of the world. In all kinds of situations, there is always someone who is trying, in a more or less conscious way, to steer our emotions, influence our decisions in such a way that it is not fully conscious. The rules of exerting influence on people are an interesting socio-psychological issue. The knowledge concerning proper behavior in various situations is also very important. We need to learn to protect ourselves against manipulation. In order to create a „goud” advertisement it is necessary to refer to literature not only from the area of marketing and advertisement, but also from the area of psychology, linguistics and sociology. Studying literature on psychology will let us make a „journey” into the depths of our mind and discover its secrets. Theoretical deliberations in this article are supported with rich knowledge of scientists and analysts, which has been gathered in their work. Research and experiments constituted the basis for empirical analysis. The interdisciplinary charakter of the article required referring to publications not only from the area of marketing and psychology, but also from the area of sociology, linguistics and management.
Źródło:
Prace Instytutu Lotnictwa; 2012, 2 (223); 149-170
0509-6669
2300-5408
Pojawia się w:
Prace Instytutu Lotnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Information sources affecting consumer behaviour in the electricity market
Autorzy:
Czarnecka, Marzena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/419959.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
consumer behaviour in the electricity market
electricity
consumers
Opis:
Electricity is a factor that facilitates the functioning of consumers in society and creates appropriate conditions for work, development and rest. Due to the scale and pace of the changes resulting from technological progress and new regulations, consumers in the electricity market do not have the appropriate technical, economic or legal knowledge. The most significant problems within the electricity market in Poland include the high level of ignorance of the services, institutions and basic terms required for making rational decisions in the electricity market. This is necessary in order to determine the sources from which consumers derive knowledge about the electricity market. Based on the research carried out by the author, it can be argued that the knowledge and skills concerning an evaluation of the electricity market, the institutions operating therein and their product are very low.
Źródło:
Nauki o Zarządzaniu; 2018, vol. 23 no. 2; 4-11
2080-6000
Pojawia się w:
Nauki o Zarządzaniu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Decisions issued by the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection regarding the imposition of penalty payments on entrepreneurs as a repressive sanction
Autorzy:
DANEL, Ewelina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529773.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
regulation
decision of the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection
penalty
payments
competition
entrepreneur
Opis:
The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the nature of decisions issued by the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection regarding the imposition of penalty payments on entrepreneurs for infringements of the Protection of Competition and Consumers Act of February 26, 2007, which is one of the indications of restrictions on economic freedom. Special attention has been paid to the criteria applied by the President of the OCCP for imposing penalty payments while indicating the changes introduced by amendments to the Act which came into force on January 18, 2015.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2017, No. 2; 243-256
2353-9119
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zygmunt Bauman: Adiaphorization in the Holocaust and in the Society of Consumers
Autorzy:
Tuleikytė, Julija
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/545536.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydział Filologiczny
Tematy:
Adiaphorization
the Holocaust
consumer society
moral indifference
Opis:
The article aims at drawing parallels between the Holocaust and the consumer society through the phenomenon of adiaphorization. To Bauman, the historical event of the Holocaust is of utmost importance to humanity, especially for tackling the problems of morality, moral indifference – in other words adiaphorization – and society. However, Bauman’s social theory contains distinct elements of Emanuel Levinas’s conception of morality and embraces a notion of adiaphorization as a feature of social organization as such – independently of shifting cultural contents. When analysing the society of consumers that is found in the times of globalization and individualization – i. e., liquid modernity – Bauman finds that its cultural tendencies to efface the face dehumanize and treat other people as means towards ends – in other words, placing the Other outside of one’s moral horizon – are similar to those that were used when extinguishing people’s lives in Nazi concentration camps. Both the Holocaust as an epitome of adiaphorization in solid modernity and consumerism as an epitome of adiaphorization in liquid modernity are treated in Bauman’s works as the most conspicuous cultural cases of adiaphorization. However, a shift in method when theorizing on the consumer society after the liquid turn allows additional aspects in his theory of the Holocaust before the liquid turn to be noticed. Due to that, it is argued in the article that “adiaphorization” might be explained as not only “moral indifference”, but also “epistemic indifference”, and that within conception of the Holocaust Bauman engages in efforts to affect his readers by awakening their morality, as “humanization through metaphors” helps him step over the boundary between theory and practice when he engages in “liquid sociology”.
Źródło:
Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne; 2016, 6; 57-68
2353-4699
Pojawia się w:
Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The greening of consumption: challenges for consumers and businesses
Autorzy:
Dąbrowska, Anna
Jurowczyk, Paweł
Ozimek, Irena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11364546.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-30
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
the greening of consumption
challenges for consumers
challenges for business
consumer behaviour
consumer trends
Opis:
The concern for the condition of the natural environment requires taking a new approach towards consumption and meeting consumer needs (Bocking 2009). Despite many initiatives related to the paradigm of sustainable development and the concept of sustainable consumption, the situation is still far from a general departure from mass consumption and consumerism. The article aims to try to synthetically organise the views of other authors on the challenges of greening consumption, both for enterprises and consumers in the context of social responsibility. Competences play an important role in this process. The greening of consumption has not yet been widely propagated in societies, including also Polish society. One of the crucial elements of greening consumption is the purchase of ecological/organic food products. To learn about the behaviour of Poles towards the issue discussed in this article, the authors conducted a study on a representative sample of Poles (N = 1,000) during Nov. 15–27, 2021, using the Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) technique (which is an online surveying technique that fits into the quantitative methodology of market and opinion research) and online panels as part of the omnibus study. The survey shows that only 7.1% of the respondents have never purchased ecological/organic food products. Among buyers, 21.8% do it rarely/sporadically, 40.1% occasionally/sometimes, 20.2% often/try to choose ecological products when shopping and 10.8% do it very often or always. Among the respondents, 55.3% declared that ecological/organic products are expensive but still worth the price due to the health benefits they bring. Noticing the advantages of these products, 63.7% of respondents would like to buy more of them. In view of the results obtained, it can be said that it is necessary to disseminate the main greening consumption ideas that are apparent from this study, and this can be done through education, building consumer competences or visualising the effects of the continuation of current consumption habits. The problem of protecting the natural environment, discussed in numerous documents issued by governments and international organisations and in scientific publications, cannot remain unnoticed. Greening consumption is a challenge for companies whose production should be rational in using non-renewable natural resources, reducing or eliminating toxic waste, using recyclable packaging and introducing 'clean production' principles aimed at obtaining consumer products using more cost-effective and healthier methods. It is also a challenge for consumers, who should replace perishable goods with products with a longer life cycle, consume goods and services more sparingly and cease to accept planned obsolescence of products or unethical behaviour of enterprises towards their employees.
Źródło:
Marketing Instytucji Naukowych i Badawczych; 2022, 45, 3; 27-56
2353-8414
Pojawia się w:
Marketing Instytucji Naukowych i Badawczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparing current and future knowledge sharing with enterprises by Poland-and UK-based prosumers
Autorzy:
Mullins, Roisin
Dettmar, Sandra
Eisenbardt, Monika
Ziemba, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522407.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Consumer knowledge
Knowledge sharing
Polska
Prosumer
the United Kingdom
Opis:
Aim/purpose –The purpose of the paper is to improve understanding of the process activities that Poland-based and UK-based prosumers engage in for current and future knowledge sharing with enterprises. It explores the Poland-based and UK-based prosumer differences and similarities in terms of their engagement with enterprise products and service offerings. Design/methodology/approach–The reported outcomes result from a survey that yielded 171 prosumers responses from the United Kingdom and 783 from Poland. The APQC framework is used as a means to establish the product versus service activities that appear to influence prosumers most in their knowledge sharing. Findings–The findings show that Poland-based prosumers currently share knowledge marginally more than their counterparts in the UK. However, Poland based prosumers are more willing, in fact twice as likely, to share knowledge in the future in relation to product offerings including (P3) materials from which products were made, followed closely by (P6) ease and intuitiveness of product use, (P4) designing package or graphic elements of the product and (S4) establishing new channels of sale. Research implications/limitations–In particular, the results reveal that both the Po-land-based and UK-based prosumers want to engage with enterprises in sharing knowledge related to the ordering process, handling complaints and customer services. Originality/value/contribution–This finding is relevant to any enterprises that may like to engage prosumers in providing feedback about their specific product and service offerings.
Źródło:
Journal of Economics and Management; 2020, 41; 47-68
1732-1948
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Concentration of entrepreneurs on the pharmaceutical market: selected issues
Autorzy:
CZESAK-STARŻYK, Joanna Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529734.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
concentration
competition protection
medicinal product
President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection pharmacy
pharmaceutical market
pharmaceutical industry
Voivodship Pharmaceutical Inspector
Opis:
The article has been selected due to the need to determine the legal basis for the consolidation of entrepreneurs on the pharmaceutical market and to identify the difference from the common pattern established by the regulations set forth in the Competition and Consumer Protection Act dated 16 February 2007. The selection of an enactment (the Competition and Consumer Protection Act or the Pharmaceutical Law Act) as the appropriate basis for ruling shapes the legal status of an entrepreneur on the pharmaceutical market, in particular with respect to selecting specific remedies.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2017, No. 2; 257-270
2353-9119
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Consumers, Play and Communitas-an Anthropological View on Building Consumer Involvement on a Mass Scale
Autorzy:
Karpińska-Krakowiak, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811416.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-09-30
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
Communitas
consumer involvement
Heineken Open’er Festival
marketing events
play
the Fun Theory
Opis:
There is an increasing interest in effective methods for building consumer involvement on a mass scale. This paper offers an interdisciplinary theoretical framework for consumer involvement analysis and forwards an anthropological approach to this issue. It uses categories of play and communitas to examine cultural dynamics underlying consumer involvement. It summarizes and extends theoretical understanding of the topic and provides numerous examples from contemporary marketplace such as Heineken Open’er Festival and Volkswagen ‘Fun Theory’ initiative. Several research propositions are formulated for future empirical endeavors and implications for practice are defined.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2014, 187, 3; 517-332
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Misselling of financial services as a practice that infringes collective consumer interests.
Misselling usług finansowych jako praktyka naruszająca zbiorowe interesy konsumentów
Autorzy:
Rogacka-Łukasik, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/443267.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Humanitas
Tematy:
consumer law
consumer
misselling
financial services
practices infringing the
collective interests of consumers
prawo konsumenckie
konsument
usługi finansowe
praktyki naruszające zbiorowe interesy konsumentów
Opis:
Currently, we can observe a trend consisting in offering products, including financial ones, which are individualized, that is, tailored to the consumer’s needs. To meet the above, the Polish legislator, following the example of the British regulation, introduced the so-called ban on misselling financial services to the Polish legal order. The aim of this publication is to analyse the misselling understood as offering and selling products that do not match the needs of consumers.
Aktualnie można zaobserwować trend, polegający na oferowaniu produktów, w tym finansowych, które są zindywidualizowane, czyli dopasowane do potrzeb konsumenta. Wychodząc naprzeciw powyższemu, ustawodawca polski, na wzór regulacji brytyjskiej, wprowadził do polskiego porządku prawnego tzw. zakaz missellingu usług finansowych. Celem niniejszej publikacji jest analiza missellingu rozumianego jako oferowanie i sprzedaż produktów niedopasowanych do potrzeb konsumentów.
Źródło:
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa; 2017, 17/1; 265-278
1644-9126
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Infringement of consumers’ collective interest – the case of “insurance–deposits”
Autorzy:
SŁOWIKOWSKI, Marcin Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529777.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
life insurance with a capital fund
consumer law
infringement of the consumers’ collective interests
Opis:
The purpose of the paper is to present the legal regulation aimed at protecting consumers and demonstrate how legal norms influences the economy. The topic is important because of the increasing scale of controversial practices concerning the insurance-depots.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2017, No. 2; 177-186
2353-9119
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Model of Protecting Financial Service Clients in the UK
Autorzy:
ZAWADZKA, Patrycja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529847.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
consumer protection
financial services
the UK, Prudential Regulatory Authority (PRA)
Financial Conduct
Authority (FCA)
Opis:
The purpose of the paper is to describe changes occurring in the UK in consequence of the financial crisis with regard to protecting financial service customers, which prompts towards the answer to the question about the optimum protection model when it comes to protecting financial market customers. The author analyses whether regulations in use in the UK are sufficient to ensure cohesion between the public supervision of the financial market and customer protection. In practice, these value may be in opposition.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2017, No. 2; 147-159
2353-9119
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Implementing artificial intelligence in forecasting the risk of personal bankruptcies in Poland and Taiwan
Autorzy:
Korol, Tomasz
Fotiadis, Anestis K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19322547.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
fuzzy logic
genetic algorithms
artificial neural networks
consumer bankruptcy
the financial crisis of households
Opis:
Research background: The global financial crisis from 2007 to 2012, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the current war in Ukraine have dramatically increased the risk of consumer bankruptcies worldwide. All three crises negatively impact the financial situation of households due to increased interest rates, inflation rates, volatile exchange rates, and other significant macroeconomic factors. Financial difficulties may arise when the private person is unable to maintain a habitual standard of living. This means that anyone can become financially vulnerable regardless of wealth or education level. Therefore, forecasting consumer bankruptcy risk has received increasing scientific and public attention.  Purpose of the article: This study proposes artificial intelligence solutions to address the increased importance of the personal bankruptcy phenomenon and the growing need for reliable forecasting models. The objective of this paper is to develop six models for forecasting personal bankruptcies in Poland and Taiwan with the use of three soft-computing techniques. Methods: Six models were developed to forecast the risk of insolvency: three for Polish households and three for Taiwanese consumers, using fuzzy sets, genetic algorithms, and artificial neural networks. This research relied on four samples. Two were learning samples (one for each country), and two were testing samples, also one for each country separately. Both testing samples contain 500 bankrupt and 500 nonbankrupt households, while each learning sample consists of 100 insolvent and 100 solvent natural persons. Findings & value added: This study presents a solution for effective bankruptcy risk forecasting by implementing both highly effective and usable methods and proposes a new type of ratios that combine the evaluated consumers? financial and demographic characteristics. The usage of such ratios also improves the versatility of the presented models, as they are not denominated in monetary value or strictly in demographic units. This would be limited to use in only one country but can be widely used in other regions of the world.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2022, 13, 2; 407-438
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Status of the President of the Office of Electronic Communications as a mediator in the field of telecommunications services
Autorzy:
Wolska, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48899546.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-04-14
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
mediation
President of the Office of Electronic Communications
consumer
provision of publicly available telecommunications services
Opis:
The subject of this paper is an analysis of the status of the role of the President of the Office of Electronic Communications in the area of mediation concerning telecommunications services. The paper includes a legal analysis relating to the subject and object aspect of mediation in the area of telecommunications services. It also presents the procedure and the type of actions undertaken by the President of the Office of Electronic Communications in terms of disputes covered by its jurisdiction as a mediator. The article also answers the question whether the juxtaposition of the role of a regulator and a mediator in one body can lead to an abuse of one of these positions.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2023, 101; 499-506
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Consequences of the restructuring of loans in Swiss francs in Poland in the light of consumer protection
Autorzy:
PARTYKOWSKI, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529756.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
consumer protection
mortgage loan in Swiss francs
banking law in Poland
changes in the law
Opis:
The subject of the paper is to discuss the consequences of the changes in the legislation on mortgage loans in Swiss francs, proposed by the Polish Sejm in August 2015, to the situation in the banking sector and the economy. The topic is important because of the potential impact of such changes on Polish banking industry, and indirectly lower GDP growth rate.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2017, No. 2; 187-197
2353-9119
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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