Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "surface characteristics" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Modelling Tyre-Road Noise with Data Mining Techniques
Autorzy:
Freitas, E.
Tinoco, J.
Soares, F.
Costa, J.
Cortez, P.
Pereira, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177590.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
tyre-road noise
data mining
model
texture
damping
surface characteristics
Opis:
The research aimed to establish tyre-road noise models by using a Data Mining approach that allowed to build a predictive model and assess the importance of the tested input variables. The data modelling took into account three learning algorithms and three metrics to define the best predictive model. The variables tested included basic properties of pavement surfaces, macrotexture, megatexture, and unevenness and, for the first time, damping. Also, the importance of those variables was measured by using a sensitivity analysis procedure. Two types of models were set: one with basic variables and another with complex variables, such as megatexture and damping, all as a function of vehicles speed. More detailed models were additionally set by the speed level. As a result, several models with very good tyre-road noise predictive capacity were achieved. The most relevant variables were Speed, Temperature, Aggregate size, Mean Profile Depth, and Damping, which had the highest importance, even though influenced by speed. Megatexture and IRI had the lowest importance. The applicability of the models developed in this work is relevant for trucks tyre-noise prediction, represented by the AVON V4 test tyre, at the early stage of road pavements use. Therefore, the obtained models are highly useful for the design of pavements and for noise prediction by road authorities and contractors.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2015, 40, 4; 547-560
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study on the cleanliness of super clean coal prepared by water-only cyclone
Autorzy:
Liu, Peikun
Wang, Hui
Jiang, Lanyue
Zhang, Yuekan
Yang, Xinghua
Li, Xiaoyu
Li, Feng
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24085799.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
cyclone separating
chemical deashing
super clean coal
surface characteristics
comparative study
Opis:
Maintaining clean and pristine nature is the key to the use of super clean coal (SCC) for coal-based materials or energy combustion. Herein, SCC is prepared by a new water-only cyclone method, and compared the surface characteristics with the SCC products obtained by conventional chemical deashing method. The results indicate that: FTIR analysis revealed that the chemical method changed the original functional group of coal; BET analysis revealed that the SCC products prepared by the water-only method maintained the micropore volume of the raw coal and yielded a uniform and concentrated distribution of pore sizes, however, the chemical method destroying the original pore structure in the coal; SEM-EDS analysis indicated that the surface of SCC particles that were deashed using the water-only cyclone method was smooth and neat, whereas those obtained using the chemical method were seriously corroded, had a rough surface, and the SCC particles were prone to acid residues and precipitates. This study opens an innovative, simple, and clean method for the preparation of SCC, which further expands and enhances the potential application value of SCC.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2023, 59, 3; art. no. 168129
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Causes and side effects of changing water quality in Khassa-Chai river in Kirkuk, Iraq
Autorzy:
Qasim, Abdulamir H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35537367.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
water quality assessment
water availability
surface water
physiochemical characteristics
Opis:
Water quality of seasonal water rivers is on a quick decline due to various human activities arising as a result of urbanization and population growth. This study assessed the water quality of the Khassa-Chai river in Kirkuk during two seasons: winter and summer (wet and dry). Thirty-seven water samples were collected from eight monitoring observation points along the Khassa-Chai river during October 2019 and March 2020. Water samples were analyzed for various parameters such as temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), color, and dissolved oxygen (DO). These physicochemical parameters were analyzed using standards methods demonstrated by the American Public Health Association (APHA). To determine the significant difference, all the results obtained were statistically analyzed. In most results, higher concentrations are out of the indicated permissible limits of the World Health Organization (WHO). It can be concluded that the most domestic wastewater effluents are discharged into the river, such as sewage coming from nearby houses and restaurants in addition to the solid waste produced from close commercial stores. To reduce the negative impact on water and human health, pollution sources need to be properly managed. The paper calls for further research to figure out the ability of the Khassa-Chai river to make the use of city water in improving the environment.
Źródło:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences; 2021, 30, 2; 271-282
1732-9353
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wood fibreboard paraffin hydrophobization and the impact of this treatment on the board surface finishing quality
Autorzy:
Kudela, Josef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24072362.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
fibreboards
paraffin
surface treatment
coating materials
paint drying
thermodynamic characteristics
Opis:
Wood fibreboard paraffin hydrophobization and the impact of this treatment on the board surface finishing quality. The aim of this paper is to analyse the causes of surface treatment defects in commercially produced wood fibreboards (FB). The analysis of: the obtained (measured and calculated) thermodynamic characteristics and of the results of microscopic examinations demonstrated that the excessive FB hydrophobization with paraffin may cause the paraffin to release from the FB surface and to migrate into the first primer layer. For the sanded FBs, similar paraffin migration was also observed into the second primer layer. This entailed lowered drying rate for the coating materials applied on FB, lower adhesion of the coating materials to the substrate and also lower adhesion between the particular coating layers applied. At the same time, the occurring frequency of surface treatment defects increased.
Źródło:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2019, 107; 115--123
1898-5912
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of Abrasive Treatment of Steel Fibers on the Effectiveness of Anchoring in Concrete
Autorzy:
Janikowska, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174913.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
steel fibre
pull-out test
concrete
bond characteristics
roughness
fibre surface
Opis:
The article presents an original proposal to improve the efficiency of anchoring steel fibers in fibroconcrete mixtures. The expected effect was obtained by developing the surface of the fibers by mechanical abrasive treatment with electrocorundum. The main part of the work presents the results of the conducted experimental studies. The effect of the surface treatment of the fibers was investigated through metallographic techniques, using a metallographic microscope and equipment to determine the surface roughness. On the other hand, the direct method of assessing the effectiveness of fiber anchoring in the concrete was determined using the pull-out test. The results of these studies were subjected to detailed analysis and statistical processing. The results of metallographic and pull-out tests indicate that the proposed method of treating the fibers significantly affects their anchoring efficiency in the concrete matrix. According to the author, this may be of great practical importance because the discussed method of treating the fibers can significantly improve the general properties of fibrocomposite mixtures.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2022, 24; 83--96
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The proposal of evaluation of selected thermal-degradation and environmental characteristics of wood modified treatment. Part 2: Determination of selected environmental characteristics
Propozycja oceny degradacji termicznej i oceny środowiskowej. Część 2. Wyznaczanie wybranych charakterystyk środowiskowych
Autorzy:
Ruzinska, E.
Jablonski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/7765.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
thermal degradation
environment degradation
environmental characteristics
wood
treatment
determination
risk substance
surface
wood product
Źródło:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2014, 87
1898-5912
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the sorption properties of different soils using water vapour adsorption and potentiometric titration methods
Autorzy:
Skic, K.
Boguta, P.
Sokolowska, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25797.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
sorption property
soil
water vapour adsorption
potentiometric titration
cation exchange capacity
surface area
physicochemical characteristics
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2016, 30, 3
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tribological characteristics of carbon materials subjected to annealing intended for use in heart valves
Charakterystyki tribologiczne materiałów węglowych poddanych wygrzewaniu przeznaczonych na płatki zastawek serca
Autorzy:
Duda, P.
Jurkiewicz, K.
Kaptacz, S.
Salwa, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971596.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
węgiel szklisty
charakterystyki tribologiczne
twardość
struktura geometryczna powierzchni
glassy carbon
tribological characteristics
hardness
geometric surface texture
Opis:
Carbon materials such as glassy carbon or C/C composites do not always meet the requirements set down for them in technical and biomechanical applications. The most important problem of the manufacturing process that the authors have managed to overcome was the elimination of internal cracks, which cause splitting, in the finished samples. The resulting uniform research material, due to the extremely sensitive implantation site, must meet the following numerous requirements: have high mechanical and chemical strength, exhibit biotolerance, and have high resistance to tribological wear. The paper presents the results of tribological, stereometric, and micromechanical tests of carbon materials that were annealed in a graphite furnace at temperatures of 1500°C, 2000°C, and 2500°C. In order to analyse tribological characteristics, a methodology for performing tests on the ball-on-disk apparatus (T-01 testing machine) was developed that reflect load conditions prevailing in the real node. The tribological tests of glassy carbon confirmed predictions that the temperature of manufacturing has a big impact on its tribological properties, and a higher temperature of annealing does not always improve the material properties.
Materiały węglowe typu węgiel szklisty lub kompozyt C/C nie zawsze spełniają wymagania im stawiane w zastosowaniach technicznych i biomechanicznych. Najistotniejszym problemem procesu wytwarzania, który udało się autorom pokonać było wyeliminowanie pęknięć wewnętrznych w gotowych próbkach powodujących ich podzielenie. Uzyskany jednolity materiał badawczy ze względu na niezwykle newralgiczne miejsce wszczepienia musi spełniać liczne wymagania: wykazywać wysoką wytrzymałość mechaniczną i chemiczną, biotolerancję oraz wysoką odporność na zużycie tribologiczne. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań tribologicznych, stereometrycznych i mikromechanicznych materiałów węglowych, które zostały wygrzane w piecu grafitowym, w temperaturach odpowiednio: 1500°C, 2000°C i 2500°C. W celu przeprowadzenia analiz charakterystyk tribologicznych opracowano metodykę badań na stanowisku kula-tarcza (tester T-01), która powinna odzwierciedlić warunki obciążeniowe panujące w rzeczywistym węźle. Przeprowadzone badania tribologiczne węgla szklistego potwierdziły przypuszczenia, iż temperatura wytwarzania tego materiału ma duży wpływ na jego własności tribologiczne, a wyższa temperatura wygrzewania nie zawsze oznacza poprawę właściwości materiału.
Źródło:
Tribologia; 2016, 267, 3; 49-60
0208-7774
Pojawia się w:
Tribologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mixing characteristics of the subarctic front in the Kuroshio-Oyashio confluence region
Autorzy:
Ke-Lan, Z.
Xi, C.
Ke-Feng, M.
Dong, H.
Sen, H.
Yan, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49009.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
Subarctic Front
Kuroshio-Oyashio confluence region
sea surface temperature
salinity
topography
geostrophic flow
thermohaline
structural characteristics
turbulent mixing
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2019, 61, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An influence of fouling gathered on the heat transfer surfaces on the heat performance characteristics of the ship steam systems heat exchangers
Autorzy:
Hajduk, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841551.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
marine power plant
gathering of fouling
heat transfer surface
heat performance characteristics
thermal resistance
heat trransfer
heat exchangers
Opis:
More than half of the incidents reported to EMSA relate to nautical events such as collision, groundings and contacts. Knowledge of accurate and high-integrity positioning is therefore not only a need for future automated shipping but a base for today’s safe navigation. Examples on accidents include Ever Given in the Suez Canal and HNoMS Helge Ingstad in Norway. A Network-RTK (NRTK) service can be used as an augmentation technique to improve performance of shipborne GNSS receivers for future positioning of manned and unmanned vessels in restricted areas, such as port areas, fairways, and inland water ways. NRTK service providers generate RTK corrections based on the observations of networks of GNSS reference stations which enables the users to determine their position with centimeter accuracy in real-time using a shipborne GNSS receiver. Selection of appropriate communication channels for dissemination of NRTK corrections data is the key to a secure positioning (localization) service. In PrePare-Ships project, the modern maritime communication system VDES (VHF Data Exchange System) is proposed to distribute SWEPOS (NRTK in Sweden) correction data to shipborne positioning modules. VDES is a very reliable technique and it is compatible with most onboard functionalities. In order to minimize the impact on the overall VDES data capacity in a local area, NRTK correction data shall only occupy a single VDES slot with a net capacity of 650 bytes. Update rates may vary but are preferably at 1Hz. However, NRTK correction data size changes instantly, depending on the number of visible GNSS satellites, and the data rate can therefore sometimes reach in excess of 1000 byte/s. In this study, a smart technique is proposed to reduce size of NRTK correction data to instantly adapt with the VDES requirements by choosing a combination of specific signals, satellites or even constellations such that the data rate is not more than 650 byte/s, and at the same time it achieves optimal positioning performance with the accuracy required by the PrePare-Ships project application.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2021, 15, 1; 183-189
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Integral FFT analysis of signals of forces and surface profiles generated in CBN precision hard turning
Zintegrowana analiza FFT sygnałów sił skrawania i profili chropowatości powierzchni generowanych w precyzyjnym toczeniu ostrzami z CBN
Autorzy:
Żak, K.
Grzesik, W.
Nosol, A.
Chudy, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175994.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
precision hard turning
PCBN cutting tools
frequency characteristics
surface profile deterioration
toczenie precyzyjne
narzędzia skrawające PCBN
charakterystyki częstotliwościowe
zniekształcenie profili powierzchni
Opis:
The paper presents an original approach to the prediction of deteriorations of the surface profiles produced on hardened steel parts using CBN tools. The experimental investigations involve recording of surface profiles and corresponding measurements of cutting forces resulting from variable feed rates of 0,05-0,1 mm/rev. As a result, machined surfaces with the Ra parameter ranging from 0,05 μm to 0,3 μm were produced. Both signals of recorded surface profiles and relevant cutting forces were processed using the FFT signal processing technique. The frequency characteristics including the signal amplitude and the wavelength were estimated from the power spectral density (PSD) spectra. A methodology for the prediction of surface profile deterioration based on the relation between the differences of the Rz (Ra) roughness parameter and signal amplitude is proposed.
Artykuł przedstawia oryginalne rozwiązanie w przewidywaniu zniekształcenia profili powierzchni wytwarzanych elementów maszyn ze stali utwardzonej z użyciem narzędzi skrawających z PCBN. Badania doświadczalne obejmują pomiary profili powierzchni i określenia wartości składowych sił skrawania dla zmiany posuwu w zakresie 0,05-0,1 mm/obr. Powierzchnie po obróbce cechuje parametr chropowatości Ra od 0,05 μm do 0,3 μm. Zarówno sygnały zapisywanych profili powierzchni jak również i mierzonych składowych sił skrawania przetwarzano z użyciem techniki FFT. Także charakterystyki częstotliwościowe amplituda sygnału i długość fali były wyznaczane na podstawie gęstości widmowej mocy (GWM). Zaproponowano metodologię przewidywania zniekształcenia profili powierzchni uwzględniającą korelację zmiany parametru chropowatości powierzchni Rz i amplitudy sygnału.
Źródło:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology; 2018, 42, 1-4; 21-30
0137-4478
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of the brake pad surface machining and finishing on its friction performance : examined by inertia brake dynamometer testing
Autorzy:
Dąbrowski, T.
Kurczyński, D.
Łagowski, P.
Warianek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/315301.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
brake pads
friction characteristics
surface machining
surface finishing
machining methods
finishing methods
noise emission
brakes test
dynamometry
klocki hamulcowe
właściwości cierne
obróbka powierzchni
wykończenie powierzchni
metody obróbki
metody wykańczające
emisja hałasu
badania hamulców
pomiary dynamometryczne
Opis:
The article describes the influence of brake pads surface machining and finishing on their friction characteristics. It shows the methods of machining and finishing of the brake pads surface and their influence on noise emission and performance. It shows the brake dynamometer test results obtained on three brake pads which have three different types of surface modification and their detailed analysis and comparison.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2018, 19, 6; 399-404, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy absorption characteristics of thin-walled sinusoidal corrugated tube using RSM-CCD
Autorzy:
Rahim, Mohd. Reyaz Ur
Bharti, Prem Kumar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839500.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
Tematy:
response surface method
RSM
corrugated tube
energy absorption characteristics
finite element analysis
thin-walled structure maximum
metoda powierzchni odpowiedzi
rura falista
charakterystyka pochłaniania energii
analiza elementów skończonych
konstrukcja cienkościenna
Opis:
The axial crushing behaviour of tubes of different section shapes has been extensively investigated as they have an excellent energy absorption, but the thin walled corrugated tube structures have been designed to further improve their energy absorption performance. The study aims to analyze the effect of sinusoidal corrugations along cross section of the tube on peak force, energy absorption and specific energy absorption. In the present work the response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD) has been used and simulation work is performed by using ANSYS workbench to explore the effects of geometrical parameters on the responses of constructing models.
Źródło:
Production Engineering Archives; 2020, 26, 4; 144-153
2353-5156
2353-7779
Pojawia się w:
Production Engineering Archives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Adequate Force Characteristics of a Friction System
Autorzy:
Pluta, Z.
Hryniewicz, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Friction
Friction system
Force of surface resistance
friction coefficient
Static friction
Dynamic friction
Kinematic friction
Triangle of friction
Passive zone of for ces
Active zone of for ces
Characteristics of friction process
Opis:
In the paper, at first some remarks concerning friction are presented by the definition of the friction itself, as well as its essential force characteristics. An adequate definition of friction is introduced, and moreover a correct its characteristics. Next the statics, dynamics, and kinematics of the friction system is given, forming the force characteristics of this system for each of the mechanical behaviours, taking into account real inertia forces of the body under friction. Three types of coefficients of sliding friction have been separated, namely: coefficient of static friction, dynamic friction, and kinematic friction. Then the comparative analysis of existent and new knowledge on the force characteristics of friction process has been presented. The consideration on how to determine the coefficient of static friction has also been carried out. Reflections on the possibilities to form further force characteristics of the friction process are presented to develop this work with some final remarks directing the attention on the conditions of development of science on friction.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 8, 1; 20-26
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synthesis of inorganic oxide composites with the use of postgalvanic waste solutions of copper(II) sulfate
Autorzy:
Modrzejewska-Sikorska, A.
Ciesielczyk, F.
Jesionowski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779557.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
powierzchnia
tlenek złożonych CuO.SiO2
rozkład wielkości cząsteczek
powierzchnia właściwa
właściwości kalorymetryczne
opady
oxide composite CuO.SiO2
waste solution of copper(II) sulfate
precipitation
particle size distribution
surface area
colorimetric characteristics
Opis:
The study was undertaken to obtain an oxide composite (inorganic colourful pigment) in the method based on the use of postgalvanic waste solution of copper(II) sulfate. The conditions of the process of precipitation of synthetic CuOźSiO 2 were optimised by checking the effect of the concentration and the volume ratio of the reagents and the temperature on the physico-chemical parameters of the final product. The oxide composite obtained in the optimum conditions was characterised by high refinement of particles and large specific surface area BET of 326 m2/g.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2010, 12, 2; 46-51
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies