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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Numerical Simulations of Heat and Moisture Transport in Thermal Protective Clothing Under Flash Fire Conditions
    Autorzy:
    Song, G.
    Chitrphiromsri, P.
    Ding, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90206.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    numerical model
    protective clothing
    moisture transport
    flash fire condition
    skin model
    Opis:
    A numerical model of heat and moisture transport in thermal protective clothing during exposure to a flash fire was introduced. The model was developed with the assumption that textiles are treated as porous media. The numerical model predictions were compared with experimental data from different fabric systems and configurations. Additionally, with the introduction of a skin model, the parameters that affect the performance of thermal protective clothing were investigated.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 1; 89-106
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermal Performance Assessment of Heat Resistant Fabrics Based on a New Thermal Wave Model of Skin Heat Transfer
    Autorzy:
    Zhu, F.
    Zhang, W.
    Song, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90033.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    thermal performance
    skin burn
    skin simulant sensor
    heat resistant fabrics
    thermal wave skin model
    ciepło
    temperatura skóry
    oparzenie
    Opis:
    A thermal wave skin model incorporating surface heat flux from a skin simulant sensor is developed to characterize the thermal performance of heat resistant fabrics covering the skin simulant sensor. Comparisons of time to 2nd-degree skin burn and temperature elevation of skin beneath a layer of fabric between the Pennes’ equation and the newly developed thermal wave skin model are performed in this research. Results of tolerance time from the Stoll criterion method are also compared with those from 2 skin models in a thermal protective performance calorimeter. It is concluded that the thermal properties of heat resistant fabrics can be characterized more precisely than previously.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 1; 43-51
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determination of Uniaxial Tensile Behavior of Hypodermis in Porcine Skin Based on Rule of Mixtures
    Autorzy:
    Choi, Junsuk
    Kim, Sanghoon
    Rhim, Sungsoo
    Rhee, Kyong-Yop
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353406.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    porcine skin
    skin layers
    visco-hyperelastic
    constitutive model
    Opis:
    In this study, we investigate the mechanical behavior of each skin layer, in terms of the nominal stress-strain curve by uniaxial tensile tests using specimens of porcine skin in two forms: dermis containing epidermis, and all three layers. All tests were performed under cyclic loading at the constant strain rate of 10-3 s-1 at ambient temperature. To measure the precise initial crosssectional areas of each layer, the thickness of each skin layer was quantified by counting the number of pixels on the photo-image using image-processing software. In the tensile test, force-strain curves of the total skin and dermis with epidermis were obtained. Subsequently, a rule of mixtures was applied to determine the nonlinear mechanical properties of the hypodermis layer. In conclusion, we could define the uniaxial tensile behavior of the hypodermis, and additionally predict the weight effect of the dermis and hypodermis layers in the tensile test.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 2; 491-494
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Calibration of Visco-Hyperelastic Model for Tensile Behavior of Porcine Skin
    Autorzy:
    Shin, Heonseop
    Han, Doyeon
    Kim, Sanghoon
    Rhim, Sungsoo
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354427.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    porcine skin
    skin layers
    visco-hyperelastic
    constitutive model
    Opis:
    Uniaxial tensile tests were performed on porcine skin to investigate the tensile stress-strain constitutive characteristic at qua-sistatic deformations using uniaxial tensile tests. Experimental results were then used to determine the parameters of the various constitutive model types for rubber, including the Mooney-Rivlin, Yeoh, Ogden, and others. The Prony series viscoelastic model was also calibrated based on the stress relaxation test. To investigate the calibrated constitutive equations (visco-hyperelastic), the falling impact test was conducted. From the viewpoint of the maximum impact load, the error was approximately 15.87%. Overall, the Ogden model predicted the experimental measurements most reasonably. The calibrated constitutive model is expected to be of practical use in describing the mechanical properties of porcine skin.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 3; 819-822
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of Perfusion and Thermal Parameters of Skin Tissue Using Cold Provocation and Thermographic Measurements
    Autorzy:
    Strąkowska, M.
    Strąkowski, R.
    Strzelecki, M.
    De Mey, G.
    Więcek, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220811.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    active thermovision
    perfusion
    thermal model
    skin tissue
    measurement uncertainty
    Opis:
    Measurement of the perfusion coefficient and thermal parameters of skin tissue using dynamic thermography is presented in this paper. A novel approach based on cold provocation and thermal modelling of skin tissue is presented. The measurement was performed on a person’s forearm using a special cooling device equipped with the Peltier module. The proposed method first cools the skin, and then measures the changes of its temperature matching the measurement results with a heat transfer model to estimate the skin perfusion and other thermal parameters. In order to assess correctness of the proposed approach, the uncertainty analysis was performed.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2016, 23, 3; 373-381
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fractal model of transdermal drug delivery
    Autorzy:
    Walicka, A.
    Iwanowska-Chomiak, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/264824.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    dostarczanie leków
    ludzka skóra
    naskórek
    model fraktalny
    drug delivery
    human skin
    epidermis
    fractal model
    Opis:
    Skin, separating the vital organs of a human body, is a desirable route for drug delivery. However, the intact skin is normally permeable only for drug molecules with a low molecular weight. The stratum corneum (SC), being the outermost layer of the skin and the epidermis being the second – more permeable – layer of the skin, play an essential function in transdermal drug delivery. Physical and chemical methods of skin poration are used to enhance transdermal drug delivery. Each poration leads to an irregular system of pores which are connected with a system of micro-capillaries passing through the epidermis. Both the systems by their irregularity form a fractal porous matrix. Drugs administrated by this matrix can be either suspensions and solutions or creams and gels, therefore they have to be modelled as non-Newtonian fluids. To analyse the fluid flow through the porous matrix the model of the epidermis is assumed as gobbet-andmortar with the tortuous mortar of variable thickness and after transition from the mortar to the tube one considered classical and fractal capillary flows of selected non-Newtonian fluids. Fractal expressions for the flow rate, velocity and permeability of fluids flow in a porous matrix are derived based on the fractal properties of the epidermis and capillary model. Each parameter in the proposed expressions does not contain any empirical constant and has a clear physical meaning and the proposed fractal models relate the flow properties of considered fluids with the structural parameters of the epidermis as a porous medium. The presented analytical expressions will help understand some of the physical principles of transdermal drug delivery.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering; 2018, 23, 4; 989-1004
    1734-4492
    2353-9003
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rheology of drugs for topical and transdermal delivery
    Autorzy:
    Walicka, A.
    Falicki, J.
    Iwanowska-Chomiak, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/947354.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    leki
    model reologiczny
    skóra ludzka
    drug delivery
    human skin
    drug rheology
    rheological models
    Opis:
    Skin drug delivery systems are a constant source of interest because of the benefits that they offer to overcome many drawbacks associated with other modes of drug delivery (i.e. oral, intravenous, etc.). Because of the impermeable nature of the skin, designing a suitable drug delivery vehicle that penetrates the skin barrier is challenging. Skin drug delivery can be subdivided into topical and transdermal (Fig.1). In a topical administration the drug is intended to act at skin level, this is indicated for the treatment of skin diseases. The aim of transdermal administration is getting a systemic release and in this case the skin represents a barrier not a target. The availability of drugs or other active substances through the skin depends basically on two consecutive steps: the release of these drugs or substances from vehicle or carrier and their subsequent permeation through the skin. Hence, studies on the specific properties of vehicles or carriers, such as their rheological behaviours, are of great interest in the field of pharmaceutical products. The objective of the present study is to systematically characterize a nonlinear rheological behaviour and flow properties of drugs and drug carriers into topical and transdermal administration. To this aim, one- and threedimensional rheological models are presented, which may be used to describe drug release through the skin and through the extracellular and interstitial matrix structures. Finally, the rheological measurements of some commercial creams and ointments were made.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering; 2019, 24, 1; 179-198
    1734-4492
    2353-9003
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Experimental testing and constitutive modeling of the mechanical properties of the swine skin tissue
    Autorzy:
    Łagan, S. D.
    Liber-Kneć, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306666.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    materiał hipersprężysty
    tkanka miękka
    próba rozciągania
    model konstytutywny
    hyperelastic material
    soft tissue
    tensile test
    pig’s skin
    constitutive model
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was an estimation of the possibility of using hyperelastic material models to fit experimental data obtained in the tensile test for the swine skin tissue. Methods: The uniaxial tensile tests of samples taken from the abdomen and back of a pig was carried out. The mechanical properties of the skin such as the mean Young’s modulus, the mean maximum stress and the mean maximum elongation were calculated. The experimental data have been used to identify the parameters in specific strain-energy functions given in seven constitutive models of hyperelastic materials: neo-Hookean, Mooney–Rivlin, Ogden, Yeoh, Martins, Humphrey and Veronda–Westmann. An analysis of errors in fitting of theoretical and experimental data was done. Results: Comparison of load –displacement curves for the back and abdomen regions of skin taken showed a different scope of both the mean maximum loading forces and the mean maximum elongation. Samples which have been prepared from the abdominal area had lower values of the mean maximum load compared to samples from the spine area. The reverse trend was observed during the analysis of the values of elongation. An analysis of the accuracy of model fitting to the experimental data showed that, the least accurate were the model of neo- -Hookean, model of Mooney–Rivlin for the abdominal region and model of Veronda–Westmann for the spine region. Conclusions: An analysis of seven hyperelastic material models showed good correlations between the experimental and the theoretical data for five models.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2017, 19, 2; 93-102
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determination of Heat Loss from the Feet and Insulation of the Footwear
    Autorzy:
    Kuklane, K.
    Afanasieva, R.
    Burmistrova, O.
    Bessonova, N.
    Holmer, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90620.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    foot
    thermal insulation
    footwear
    thermal foot model
    skin temperature
    heat loss
    stopy
    obuwie
    izolacja cieplna
    temperatura skóry
    Opis:
    This study compared the methods of determining footwear insulation on human participants and a thermal foot model. Another purpose was to find the minimal number of measurement points on the human foot that is needed for insulation calculation. A bare foot was tested at 3 ambient temperatures on 6 participants. Three types of footwear were tested on 2 participants. The mean insulation for a bare foot obtained on the participant and model were similar. The insulation of warm footwear measured by the 2 methods was also similar. For thin footwear the insulation values from the participants were higher than those from the thermal model. The differences could be related to undefined physiological factors. Two points on the foot can be enough to measure the insulation of footwear on human participants (r = .98). However, due to the big individual differences of humans, and good repeatability and simplicity of the thermal foot method, the latter should be preferred for testing.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1999, 5, 4; 465-476
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analytical and experimental determination of the parasitic parameters in high-frequency inductor
    Autorzy:
    Zdanowski, M.
    Barlik, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/200393.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    model of inductor circuit
    interlayer capacitance
    parallel resonance
    litz wire
    inductor winding
    skin effect
    pojemność pośrednia
    rezonans równoległy
    cewka indukcyjna
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of calculations, simulations, and measurements of parasitic capacitance of winding in ferrite inductor suitable for cooperating with 2 kW DC-DC boost converter built using SiC JFET transistors, operating with a switching frequency of 100 kHz. The inductor winding is made of litz wire in a two-layer configuration. The lumped model of inductor winding was adopted. The results of analytical calculations have been compared with the results obtained from experimental investigations based on the resonance effect.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2017, 65, 1; 107-112
    0239-7528
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A novel inhalation challenge set to study animal model of allergic alveolitis
    Autorzy:
    Golec, M
    Skorska, C.
    Lemieszek, M.
    Dutkiewicz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52160.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    inhalation challenge
    allergic alveolitis
    animal model
    mice
    mouse
    bioaerosol
    organic dust
    dust
    microbial allergen
    Pantoea agglomerans
    dust exposure
    human disease
    respiratory tract
    skin
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2009, 16, 1; 173-175
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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