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Wyszukujesz frazę "shaman" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
Tytuł:
AN INVESTIGATION ON THE HISTORY AND STRUCTURE OF KOREAN SHAMANISM
한국 샤머니즘에 관한 역사와 구조 연구
Badanie historii i struktury koreańskiego szamanizmu
Autorzy:
CHAČATRJAN, Arevik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040341.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-11-04
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Korean Shamanism
Asian religions
Shaman’s Ritualistic Instruments
Mudang
Paksu
Kut
Opis:
Korean civilization has been influenced by different religions, such as Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism and lately Christianity. However, the nucleus of the Korean culture is Shamanism, which is a conjuring religious phenomenon. Even though Shamanism belongs to the first page in the history of religions, it has been transmitted to next generations of Korea in different forms, somewhat surviving until today. A possible reason for this may be that Shamanism exhibits a dynamic and selective tradition that has adapted to different religions around it. It may also provide human beings with the blessings that they are deprived of in today’s society. In this study, the origin and development of Shamanism in Korea, including the three dynasties of Silla, Koryo and Yi, were investigated. The primitive forms of ancient beliefs of Koreans as well as the structure of Shamanism and related rituals were described. Information was also provided on Shaman ritualists and the instruments they utilized in rituals.
한국 문명은 불교, 도교, 유교 그리고 최근 기독교 등 다양한 종교에 의해 영향을 받아 왔다. 하지만, 한국 문화의 핵심은 종교 현상을 연상시키는 샤머니즘이다. 샤머니즘이 종교사의 첫페이지를 장식함에도 불구하고, 여러 형태로 한국 후세에게 전해져 내려와 오늘날까지 특정한 형태로 살아 있다. 이 연구는 한국의 샤머니즘의 기원과 발전에 관한 것이며 신라를 포함한 삼국 시대 왕국, 고려, 조선을 조사했다. 한국의 고대 신앙의 원시적 형태는 샤머니즘과 관계된 의식으로 묘사되었다. 샤먼들의 의식에 사용되는 악기에 대한 정보도 제공되었다.
Źródło:
International Journal of Korean Humanities and Social Sciences; 2015, 1; 55-70
2449-7444
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Korean Humanities and Social Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
KOREAN SHAMANISM – THE RELIGION OF WOMEN
한국의 무속 – 여성들의 종교
KOREAŃSKI SZAMANIZM – RELIGIA KOBIET
Autorzy:
OH, Kyong-geun
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040277.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-11-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
koreański szamanizm
gansinmu
seseupmu
choroba szamańska
gut (szamański rytuał)
ideologia szamańska
patriarchat
koreański buddyzm
koreańska religia fundamentalna
Korean shamanism
gangsinmu
shaman illness
gut (shaman rites)
han
Confucian ideology
patriarchy
Korean Buddhism
Korean fundamental religion
Opis:
Shamanism is one of the oldest religions that have existed around the world. But Korean shamanism is very exceptionally in the world, because it is monopolized by women. This article focuses on the main reasons for that state of affairs. Korean shamanism has never been accepted by the ruling class as an official religion. It was not supported by the elites of the society, so it has functioned only at the margin of culture and society. Confucian-patriarchy in the Joseon dynasty (1392-1897) was one of the main reasons why Korean shamanism became the religion of women. According to Confucian ideology there must be sexual segregation in the household, and it was extended even to ritual performances for the gods. Men satisfied their religious needs through Confucianism, but they completely excluded women from it. As women were excluded from Confucian ceremonies they needed to find a religion for themselves. The gods worshiped in shamanism and the shamanistic ritual itself were treated by the ruling class as coarse and vulgar, suitable only for people of lower classes and women. The gods in Korean shamanism are not providing people with noble ideals or dreams, they just support human beings by protecting them against bad luck and bringing them good luck. A Korean shamanistic ritual consists mainly of dances and singing. Shamans communicate with their gods in a trance induced by dancing vigorously. In the Joseon dynasty dominated by Confucian ideology it was very unsuitable for men.
Szamanizm jest jedną z najstarszych religii i istnieje niemal na całym świecie. Koreański szamanizm wykazuje jednak pewne cechy szczególne odróżniające go od innych form tego zjawiska na świecie, gdyż jest zmonopolizowany przez kobiety. W artykule zostaną przedstawione główne przyczyny tego faktu. Koreański szamanizm nigdy nie został zaakceptowany przez klasę rządzącą jako oficjalna religia, nie był także popierany przez elitę społeczeństwa i w związku z tym musiał funkcjonować ajedynie na marginesie kultury koreańskiej. Konfucjański patriarchat w czasie dynastii Joseon (1392-1897) istotnie przyczynił się do tego, że koreański szamanizm został religią kobiet. Według ideologii konfucjańskiej, w sprawach rodzinnych należy dokonywać segregacji płciowej, która została rozszerzona nawet na sferę rytuałów religijnych. Mężczyźni zaspokajali swoje potrzeby religijne praktykując konfucjanizm, ale całkowicie wykluczyli z niego kobiety. Skoro zaś kobiety zostały wykluczone z rytuałów konfucjańskich, musiały znaleźć jakąś religię dla siebie. Bogowie czczeni w koreańskim szamanizmie oraz sam rytuał szamański były bowiem traktowane przez klasę rządzącą jako trywialne, wręcz wulgarne i nadające się jedynie dla ludzi klas niższych i kobiet. Bogowie szamanizmu koreańskiego nie są istotami dostarczającymi ludziom szlachetnych ideałów lub marzeń a jedynie pomagają im w życiu codziennym chroniąc przed nieszczęściami i gwarantując szczęście. Koreański rytuał szamański składa się głównie z tańców i śpiewu. Szamani komunikują się z bogami-patronami w transie osiągniętym poprzez energiczne i energetyczne tańce. Należy jednak pamiętać, że w zdominowanym przez ideologię konfucjańską okresie panowania dynastii Joseon takie zachowanie było postrzegane jako bardzo nieodpowiednie dla mężczyzn
샤머니즘은 가장 오래된 종교들 가운데 하나이며 전세계에 걸쳐 존재한다. 그런데 한국의 샤머니즘은 세계적으로도 매우 예외적으로 여성들에 의해 점유되어 있다. 이 논문은 그러한 현상의 주요 원인들을 규명하고자 한다. 역사적으로 한국의 무속은 지배계층에 의해 단 한 번도 공식적인 종교로서 받아들여진 적이 없었다. 즉, 한국의 무속은 사회의 엘리트-지식인층으로부터 지지를 받지 못했기 때문에, 단지 주변문화로서 기능할 수밖에 없었던 것이다. 조선시대(1392-1897)의 유교적 가부장제는 한국의 무속이 여성의 종교가 되는 주원인들 중의 하나였다. 유교사상에 의하면 가사에 있어 반드시 남녀의 구별이 있어야 하는 바, 그것이 신을 위한 종교적 의례행위에까지 연장된 것이었다. 남자들은 유교의례를 통해 자신들의 종교적 욕구를 충족시키면서도 그것에서 여성들을 철저히 배제하였다. 여성들이 유교적 의례에서 배제됨에 따라 결국 그들은 자신들만의 종교의례를 찾지 않을 수 없었다. 남성 지배계급은 무속에서 섬겨지는 신들과 무속의례를 저속하고 조잡한 것들로서 오로지 하층민 혹은 여성들을 위한 것이라 여겼다. 한국무속의 신들은 인간에게 깊은 사상 혹은 고매한 가르침을 주는 존재가 아니라, 단지 불행을 막고 복을 가져다 줌으로써 그들의 삶을 안전하게 보호하고 도와주는 존재들이다. 한국의 무속의례는 주로 춤과 노래로 구성되어 있다. 무당은 격렬한 춤을 통한 무아지경에서 신과 교통하는 것이다. 하지만 유교사상이 지배하는 조선시대에 그러한 것은 남성들에게 받아들여질 수 없는 것이었다.
Źródło:
International Journal of Korean Humanities and Social Sciences; 2016, 2; 71-86
2449-7444
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Korean Humanities and Social Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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