Temat: sewage Sludge - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Determination of metal content in sewage sludge and sewage sludge ash to find opportunities to use them in the construction industry
Autorzy:: Świerczek, Lesław
Cieślik, Bartłomiej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1163144.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:: heavy metals
sewage sludge
sewage sludge ash
sewage sludge management
Opis:: Sewage sludge management is becoming an increasing problem in developed and developing countries. Due to their physicochemical properties (mainly high content of heavy metals) a safe method of utilization is sought. Considering environmental protection, energy recycling, reduction in use of the raw materials and the possibility of immobilization hazardous substances, the use of ashes in building materials becomes a very good way of utilization. Both unprocessed sewage sludge and ashes after their thermal utilization can be used in the construction industry. Before using sediments and ashes, it is necessary to analyze the content of heavy metals, because they can have a negative effect, for example, on cement-stabilized products. The purpose of this work was to determine selected metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cr, Mg, Mn, Fe) in the primary, dehydrated, digested, excess sludge and ash after his incineration to check and compare heavy metal content. The obtained data can be used to optimize the production process of cement products that contain sewage sludge at differ form, and confirm the environmental safety of proposed approaches.
Źródło:: World Scientific News; 2018, 110; 227-235
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:: World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Drop in Conductivity of Sewage Sludge in the Process of Autothermal Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion
Autorzy:: Bartkowska, I.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123193.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: autothermal stabilization of sewage sludge
conductivity of sewage sludge
neutralization of sewage sludge
sanitation of sewage sludge
sewage sludge processing
Opis:: The article presents research on the assessment of electrolytic conductivity changes of sludge during the process of its autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion (ATAD), which takes place in a two-stage installation system, operating in a municipal sewage-treatment plant. In the years 2012–2014 sludge was studied and the results were analyzed. Thickened sludge in the intermediate tank, which was then directed to installation reactors, was examined. Conductivity was measured in each tank. In this manner collected results made it possible to follow the changes of this index at consecutive stages of the system. The results were statistically analyzed and it was determined to what degree, as a result of an objective process, the values of processed sludge conductivity would change. The conclusions from the carried-out studies and from own experiments are also presented.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 4; 67-75
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Analysis of the Variability of the Composition of Sewage Sludge Before and After Drying Treatment – SEM Studies
Autorzy:: Kiper, Justyna
Głowacka, Anna
Rucińska, Teresa
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124107.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: sewage sludge
sewage sludge management
SEM observation
Opis:: The aim of the study was to determine the physical and chemical properties of the sewage sludge from “Pomorzany” and “Zdroje” municipal wastewater treatment plants located in Szczecin, Poland. The paper presents the outcomes of SEM observation of dried and stabilized sewage sludge. The research on the obtained materials was conducted using reference methods; the images from a scanning electron microscope were used. The amount of sewage sludge produced with the methods of its management was presented. The technology of sludge management is based on its dehydration up to dry weight content of roughly 20% and then drying in contact dryers up to 90–92% dry weight, separately in both plants. Dried sewage sludge is subsequently burned in mechanical grid boilers at “Pomorzany” WWTP. The analyzed materials were characterized by the pH of 7.90–8.42, dry mass and average organic matter content were 18.949% and 68.903%, respectively. The elements identified in the largest amount on the surface of analyzed materials included calcium, iron, phosphorus, sulphur and silicon. The amount of phosphorus ranging from 1.82 to 3.44% indicates the possibility of using sewage sludge as organic fertilizer product or an alternative source of phosphorus.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 7; 45-52
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Analysis of Selected Technical and Technological Parameters of the Sewage Sludge Stability Process
Autorzy:: Bartkowska, I.
Wawrentowicz, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123847.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: autothermal thermophilic stabilization
sewage sludge
dry mass
organic substances
sewage sludge hygienization
sewage sludge in agriculture
Opis:: The article presents the results of the analysis, which was carried out in 2015-2017 on the example of autothermal installation of thermophilic sludge stabilization (ATAD) in a sewage treatment plant in Giżycko. The installation was created in 2003 as the first of its kind and still remains operational. The purpose of the conducted research was to assess the suitability of the analyzed technological parameters as tools that can be used by operators to determine the actual possibilities of changing the operating conditions of the installation or to develop an optimization strategy to reduce the energy demand. The dry mass content and organic dry mass content was used as the assessment indicators. In the analysed period, the sludge from the process contained from 47.47% to 60.80% of organic matter in the dry mass of the sludge. The organic dry matter decrease due to the process was also calculated, and it ranged from 26.4% to 48.7%. The amount of sludge undergoing the process and the amount of electricity consumption were also analysed. On this basis, the energy consumption indicators in the ATAD process were calculated.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 4; 69-74
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Impact of Aerobic Stabilization of Sewage Sludge on PAHs Concentration in Reject Waters
Autorzy:: Kozak, Jolanta
Włodarczyk-Makuła, Maria
Popenda, Agnieszka
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839628.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: PAHs
municipal sewage sludge
coking sewage sludge
reject water
aerobic stabilization
Opis:: In the paper, the results of studies on changes in the concentration of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the reject water coming from aerobic stabilization of sewage sludge process were given. The sewage sludge samples originating from a treatment of municipal wastewater treatment plant and an industrial coking wastewater treatment plant were investigated. A technological study was conducted using a municipal sewage sludge (control sample) and a mixture of municipal and industrial sewage sludge simultaneously. Aerobic stabilization of sewage sludge process was carried out for 21 days. The concentration of PAHs was determined at the beginning of the experiment (day 0) and in seven-day intervals: after 7, 14 and 21 days. The initial concentration of PAHs in the reject water coming from the municipal sewage sludge was over 44 g/dm3. Industrial sewage sludge was heavily loaded with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In a reject water of the mixture of municipal and industrial sludge, the initial content of PAHs reached over 5200 g/dm3. During aerobic stabilization of sewage sludge, a decrease in PAHs concentration in reject water was observed. After 21 days of the experiment, the decrease of the sum of analyzed PAHs was in the range of 62–98%.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 4; 27-35
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: From sewage sludge ash to calcium phosphate fertilizers
Autorzy:: Gorazda, K.
Kowalski, Z.
Wzorek, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779127.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:: phosphorus recovery
sewage sludge
sewage sludge combustion
ash extraction
fertilizers production
waste
Opis:: Our work presents the results of the research on the utilization of ashes after sewage sludge combustion comprising phosphorus recovery in the form of useful products. The investigations were divided into three parts: selecting the combustion parameters of sewage sludge, examining ash leaching with mineral acids (nitric and phosphoric) to high phosphorus selectivity assuring a low content of iron and heavy metals in the extracted solutions and precipitation of CaHPO4 .2H2O. Suitable temperature of a sewage sludge combustion enables selective extraction of phosphorus compounds from ash because of hematite phase forming, insoluble in mineral acids. The extracts from phosphoric acid leaching, where the extraction of phosphorus compounds was 96.1%, have very good properties for its further use as the initial solution for CaHPO4 .2H2O with 6% lime milk. The obtained product is characterized by high purity and phosphorus availability compatible even with the feed phosphate standard.
Źródło:: Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2012, 14, 3; 54-58
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:: Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Ecological and economical benefits from sewage sludge
Ekonomiczno-ekologiczne aspekty technologii wapnowania osadów ściekowych na przykładzie średniej oczyszczalni ścieków
Autorzy:: Stachowicz, F.
Wójcik, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/129552.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Politechnika Rzeszowska im. Ignacego Łukasiewicza. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:: sewage sludge
liming
sewage sludge hygienisation
sewage sludge management
cost analysis
osady ściekowe
wapnowanie
higienizacja
gospodarka osadami ściekowymi
analiza ekonomiczna
Opis:: Hygienisation with the use of lime In a medium-size treatment plant Sewage sludge classified as hazardous waste requires searching for advanced and more effective methods of utilization. Waste produced in treatment plants, should be subject to proper reprocessing on the grounds of health, economic and legal reasons. In treatment plants, hygienisation with the use of lime (CaO) is commonly applied. The main advantage of the aforementioned method is the growth of pH value of sewage sludge and the reduction of pathogens. Apart from this, sewage sludge hygienisation with the application of lime is characterized by the high costs associated with the acquisition of lime. Assuming the price of highly reactive lime ranging from EUR 67-82 per one tone, additional cost of approximately EUR 8600 is generated for a medium treatment plants per year. Additionally, the liming of sewage sludge requires the modernization of treatment plants and the acquisition of new equipment. But due to the fertilizing properties of aforementioned waste, the agricultural utilisation of sewage sludge is the best method for small and medium treatment plants. The financial feasibility analysis showed that the whole undertaking will pay off within 7 years. This paper presents the cost-effective analysis of sewage sludge hygienisation in medium municipal treatment plant. In this article, the main mechanism of process and the influence of liming on sewage sludge characteristics are also showed.
Wzrost świadomości społecznej dotyczącej zagrożenia spowodowanego niewłaściwie prowadzoną gospodarką odpadami skutkuje rozwojem nowych metod ich utylizacji, zgodnie z wymogami prawnymi ekologicznymi i społecznymi. Celem implementowania nowych zasad gospodarki odpadami wprowadzane są nowe lub zaostrzane dotychczas obowiązujące akty prawne, mające kształtować prawidłowe strategie postępowania z odpadami. Intensyfikacja zabudowy i przyłączanie do systemu zbiorowego odprowadzania ścieków nowych odbiorców skutkuje produkcją ogromnych ilości osadów ściekowych. Specyficzne właściwości ubocznych produktów oczyszczania ścieków wymagają poszukiwania nowych metod ich przeróbki i unieszkodliwiania zgodnie z zasadami ochrony środowiska, z jednoczesnym uwzględnieniem aspektów ekonomicznych. Ze względu na obecność mikroorganizmów patogennych w osadach ściekowych, proces higienizacji osadów ściekowych jest jednym z najważniejszych etapów ich przeróbki. Studium literatury potwierdza, że powszechnie w oczyszczalniach ścieków stosuje się proces wapnowania z użyciem CaO. Niewątpliwą zaletą wspomnianego procesu jest możliwość redukcji patogenów do bezpiecznego poziomu, umożliwiającego dalsze zagospodarowanie osadów ściekowych w zabiegach przyrodniczych. Aplikacja wapna palonego w procesie higienizacji osadów ściekowych generuje jednak wysokie koszty eksploatacyjne oczyszczalni ścieków, związane z zakupem wspomnianego reagenta. Przy średniej cenie wysokoreaktywnego wapna na poziomie 67-82 euro za tonę, roczne koszty zakupu reagenta niezbędnego do procesu higienizacji wynoszą około 8 600 euro w przypadku średniej oczyszczalni ścieków. Dodatkowo, wdrożenie technologii wapnowania osadów ściekowych wiąże się z koniecznością modernizacji istniejącego ciągu technologicznego części osadowej i zakupem nowych urządzeń. Analiza opłacalności inwestycji wykazała jednak, że wprowadzenie procesu higienizacji.
Źródło:: Physics for Economy; 2017, 1, 1; 49-63
2544-7742
2544-7750
Pojawia się w:: Physics for Economy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Directions of management of municipal sewage sludge in the European Union
Autorzy:: Rosiek, Ksymena
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/96632.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
Tematy:: sewage sludge
wastewater treatment
sewage sludge management
sewage sludge regulations
osady ściekowe
oczyszczanie ścieków
gospodarka osadami ściekowymi
przepisy dotyczące osadów ściekowych
Opis:: The purpose of this article is to compare sludge management trends between selected EU-15 and EU-12 countries on the basis of statistical data to determine trends and formulate conclusions for countries adopted after 2004. The analysis relied on the analysis of changes in legal regulations, international literature and the analysis of statistical data from EUROSTAT. Unfortunately, incomplete statistical data limited the number of analyzed countries, however, it was possible to draw conclusions. Sludge management is an extremely complex issue, affects not only water and sewage management and waste management, but also concerns the issues of agriculture (fertilizers) and energy. A very important part of the issues is technological progress, and therefore research and development. Improper management of sewage sludge will in the long run lead to increasing costs of wastewater treatment, while modern technologies allow for the recovery of both energy and raw materials. The law in principle ruled out the possibility of storage and limited the agricultural use of unprocessed sewage sludge, thus one should choose the optimal development directions of the sector. Possible areas of action are burning with recovery of energy and raw materials from ashes or organic recycling, i.e. composting with recovery of energy and heat and using the resulting fertilizer.
Źródło:: Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2019, 3; 34-54
0867-8898
Pojawia się w:: Ekonomia i Środowisko
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Sonification Energy in the Process of Ultrasonic Disintegration
Autorzy:: Wolski, Paweł
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123853.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: sewage sludge
disintegration
sonication energy
Opis:: Disintegration of sewage sludge leads to the breakdown of the structure of the sewage floc and release of intracellular fluids. This allows for easy removal of organic compounds that are contained in the cells during further processes of treatment of waste and processing of sludge. One of the methods of disintegration is the use of ultrasound field energy. Depending on the applied process parameters (exposure time, intensity), coagulation or dispersion of the sludge flocs may occur. The aim of the research was to determine the amount of sonication energy supplied to the sludge and the related costs of the disintegration process. The study used digested sewage sludge, which was exposed to ultrasound field energy of different intensity (from 1.6 W/cm² to 3.8 W/cm²) and exposure time (from 2 to 120s). The sewage sludge sonication process was conducted using Sonics VCX-1500 ultrasonic processor with a maximum output power of 1500W. The vibration frequency of the ultrasound field of the generator was 20 kHz, whereas the maximum wavelength for the 100% amplitude, was 39.42 µm. Energy demand was recorded during each measurement and the amount of sonication energy supplied to the system was calculated relative to dry matter. The experiments showed an increase in the demand for energy along with the extension of the exposure time and the increase in the intensity of the ultrasound field. For two of sludge samples with comparable dry matter content, the sonication energy values were similar.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2020, 21, 3; 36-40
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Yielding and Content of Selected Microelements in Maize Fertilized With Various Organic Materials
Autorzy:: Wieczorek, J.
Gambuś, F.
Czech, T.
Antonkiewicz, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124405.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: yield
maize
microelements
sewage sludge
Opis:: The paper aimed at comparing the yield and concentrations of zinc, copper and nickel in maize cultivated in soil fertilized with two different sewage sludge with yielding of maize fertilized with manure and solely with mineral fertilizers. The experiment was conducted in plastic pots, of which each contained 8.5 kg of air-dried soil with granulometric composition of light sandy loam and neutral pH. Sewage sludge used for the experiment originated from two municipal sewage sludge treatment plants in Krzeszowice (sludge I) and Niepołomice (sludge II), while manure from a private farm in Czernichów district. The test plant was maize (Zea mays) cultivated for 74 days and then harvested for green forage. On the basis of conducted research it was found that various fertilizer combinations applied in the experiment had a significant influence on the test plant yielding. All compared fertilizer variants allowed maize to produce statistically significantly higher yield in comparison with the yield harvested from the unfertilized soils. Fertilization with sewage sludge I supplemented with mineral treatment and application of solely mineral salts proved the most beneficial for the maize yield. Applied fertilizer combinations affected the content of microelements. The highest concentrations of nickel in maize green mass were assessed in plant samples from the unfertilized object, whereas zinc and copper from mineral fertilization variant. Except of zinc, introducing additional metal doses did not influence their increased content in plant organs. Soil enrichment with zinc contained in sewage sludge I and II (respectively 77.4 mg and 49.9 mg ∙ pot-1) contributed to its elevated concentration in maize roots but at the same time this metal content statistically significantly decreased in maize shoots in comparison with the amounts determined in plants fertilized with mineral materials.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 4; 219-223
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Impact of reduced straw content on the sewage sludge composting process
Autorzy:: Sidełko, Robert
Walendzik, Bartosz
Smuga-Kogut, Małgorzata
Janowska, Beata
Szymański, Kazimierz
Głowacka, Anna
Leśniańska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845370.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: sewage sludge
composting
humification process
Opis:: The main objective of presented research work was the assessment of the impact of reduced straw content, as organic carbon source, on the course of sewage sludge composting process. During the research work performed in industrial conditions, the composting process going in periodically overturned windrows differing in proportion of dehydrated sludge, straw and structural material being 4:1:1 and 8:1:2 respectively, was observed. The consequence of increase of sludge concentration with relation to straw was decrease of C:N ratio in the input material from 11.5 to 8.5. The following parameters were analyzed as indicators for the assessment of the composting process: contents of fulvic acids (FA), humic acids (HA), lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose as well as absorbance in UV/VIS (λ=280, 465 and 665 nm) range. The results obtained have indicated that the increase of sludge content extends the elevated temperature (T>50°C) period from 42 days to approximately 65 days. Our tests did not confirm that limitation of straw content added to sewage sludge had any adverse effect on the course of composting. PI index (HA/FA), which qualifies the compost as mature in the first case – No 1, exceeds limit value of 3.6 on the 83rd day whereas, in the second case No 2, on the 48th day.
Źródło:: Archives of Environmental Protection; 2020, 46, 4; 70-77
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Determination of quantity of biogas from sewage sludge
Autorzy:: Sikora, J.
Jakubowski, T.
Płaczek, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101420.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:: sewage sludge
biogas
anaerobic digestion
Opis:: Renewable energy sources have been amongst crucial elements of the European Union policy for a long time. Currently, they have become significant in terms of possibilities of the technology development, which may limit the effects and duration of the economic, energy and climatic crisis. The Directive 2009/28/EC obliges the increase of the share of Renewable Energy Sources in the final energy consumption up to 20% (in Poland up to 15%) by 2020. Sewage sludge is waste that significantly affects the aspects of environment. The research considered the rationality of using the waste for the production of biomethane. The purpose of the work was to determine the dynamics of biogas production from sewage sludge of municipal origin. Its scope included a review of the literature based on the Polish and European law. Issues of technology, production and use of biogas and residue were presented. The research was based on determining the properties of sewage sludge - raw and after stabilization, and carrying out a fermentation process for a period of 30 days. The validity of using sewage sludge as substrate for biogas production was confirmed.
Źródło:: Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2018, IV/1; 1087-1097
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:: Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Method of fertilization of energy willow plantation using sewage sludge
Autorzy:: Niemiec, W.
Stachowicz, F.
Trzepieciński, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124011.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: fertilization
sewage sludge
energy willow
Opis:: Sewage sludge deriving from biofiltration of municipal waste abound in soil processed organic substances and mineral fertilization components which may be used for fertilization of energy willow plantations. In the article the potential of natural utilization of sewage sludge and the patented device for injection dosage of sludge has been presented. The device enables putting into soil mineral and organic fertilizers with loose consistency and their immediate covering by soil in order to reduce unpleasant smell and limit loss of volatile components of fertilizer.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2013, 14, 1; 12-16
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Conditions of agricultural and natural use of sewage sludge in rural areas
Uwarunkowania rolniczego i przyrodniczego wykorzystania osadów ściekowych na terenach wiejskich
Autorzy:: Bauman-Kaszubska, H.
Sikorski, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297591.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Politechnika Częstochowska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
Tematy:: sewage
sewage sludge
agricultural use of sewage sludge
natural use of sewage sludge
ścieki
osady ściekowe
rolnicze wykorzystanie osadów ściekowych
przyrodnicze wykorzystanie osadów ściekowych
Opis:: Steady increase in sludge quantity emerging from municipal sewage treatment plants and shortcoming in managing sludge cause that problems of sludge management require urgent solution. The final stage of sewage sludge disposal should be its agricultural or natural utilization. This is possible if the sludge complies with qualitative requirements (stabilization, decontamination, composting). In the report there will be presented the analysis and estimation of possibilities of agricultural or natural use of sewage sludge as organic fertilizers. Municipal sewage sludge, produced in sewage treatment plants, is not a fertilizer and can not be treated like natural fertilizer e.g. manure. It can be used in agriculture in processed and not processed form and on condition that it is stabilized and fulfills requirements in permissible levels of heavy metals and sanitary indicators and included definite quantities of organic matter and fertilize compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It can be treated as organic fertilizers according to the act on fertilizers and manuring. The additional point of consideration is the problem connected with sewage sludge in relation to special planning and managing. The important role plays possibility of disposing proper base of areas, fields in it (agricultural and green grounds) fulfilling particular requirements as far as the content of heavy metals is concerned taking into consideration ecological and physiographic condition. Therefore on every step of studying water - sewage and sewage sludge management in the variant expression it is essential to carry out recognition and listing of areas e.g. in the form of multiaspect survey. The starting point for consideration concerning processing and possible managing of sewage sludge for agricultural or natural aims is recognition of range of conditions connected with it. The law regulations mentioned before are uppermost and stating quantity and quality characterization of sewage sludge made in sewage treatment plants yearly as well. In the article the quality characterization of sewage sludge made in sewage treatment plants serving rural settlement units and small cities from the point of view of fertilizing compounds contents (N, P, K) and heavy metals will be included. Precise knowledge of sewage sludge characteristic is the basis of choice as far as proper way of its processing, usage and management is concerned. The next criteria of dealing with sewage sludge will be preparation of sewage sludge preceding their agricultural or natural use. Particularly there will be discussed law essentials including quality requirements of sewage sludge and areas characterization, on which they would be used, stating annual doses of sludge used in an agricultural or natural way with taking into consideration needs of plants, the degree of plants demand for nitrogen from this source, the content of nitrogen in sludge or composts made on their basis and fertilization equivalent of nitrogen in relation to mineral fertilizers.
Stały wzrost ilości osadów powstających w komunalnych oczyszczalniach ścieków oraz niedociągnięcia w zakresie ich zagospodarowania powodują, że problemy gospodarki osadowej wymagają pilnego rozwiązania. Końcowym etapem unieszkodliwiania komunalnych osadów ściekowych powinno być ich rolnicze bądź przyrodnicze wykorzystanie, oczywiście po spełnieniu przez nie wymagań jakościowych (osady ustabilizowane, odkażone, przekompostowane). W artykule zostanie przedstawiona analiza i ocena możliwości rolniczego bądź przyrodniczego wykorzystania osadów ściekowych jako nawozów organicznych. Komunalne osady ściekowe, powstające w oczyszczalniach ścieków, nie są nawozami i nie mogą być traktowane jak nawozy naturalne, np. obornik. Mogą być stosowane w rolnictwie w formie przetworzonej i nieprzetworzonej pod warunkiem, że są ustabilizowane i spełniają wymagania dopuszczalnych poziomów metali ciężkich oraz wskaźników sanitarnych, a także zawierają określone ilości substancji organicznych oraz związków nawożących azotu, fosforu i potasu. Mogą być wówczas traktowane jako nawozy organiczne zgodnie z ustawą o nawozach i nawożeniu. Dodatkowym punktem rozważań jest problematyka wykorzystania osadów ściekowych w odniesieniu do planowania i zagospodarowania przestrzennego. Istotną rolę odgrywa możliwość dysponowania odpowiednim zapleczem terenów, w tym pól (gruntów ornych i użytków zielonych) spełniających określone wymagania ze względu na zawartość metali ciężkich z uwzględnieniem uwarunkowań ekologicznych i fizjograficznych. Zatem na każdym etapie opracowywania gospodarki wodno-ściekowej i osadami ściekowymi w ujęciu wariantowym konieczne jest przeprowadzenie rozpoznania i inwentaryzacji terenów np. w formie wieloaspektowej ankiety. Punktem wyjścia do rozważań dotyczących przeróbki i ewentualnego zagospodarowania osadów ściekowych w celach rolniczych bądź przyrodniczych jest rozpoznanie szeregu uwarunkowań z tym związanych. Na pierwszy plan wysuwają się wspomniane podstawy prawne oraz określenie charakterystyki ilościowej i jakościowej osadów ściekowych powstających w ciągu roku w oczyszczalni ścieków. W pracy zawarto zatem charakterystykę jakościową osadów ściekowych powstających w oczyszczalniach obsługujących wiejskie jednostki osadnicze i małe miasta z punktu widzenia zawartości związków nawożących (N, P, K) oraz metali ciężkich. Bardzo dokładne poznanie charakterystyki osadów jest podstawą wyboru odpowiedniego sposobu ich przeróbki, wykorzystania lub zagospodarowania. Kolejnymi kryteriami wyboru sposobu postępowania z osadami będzie przygotowanie osadów ściekowych poprzedzające ich rolnicze bądź przyrodnicze wykorzystanie. W szczególności omówione zostanie określenie rocznych dawek osadów ściekowych wykorzystywanych rolniczo bądź przyrodniczo z uwzględnieniem potrzeb roślin, stopnia pokrycia potrzeb roślin na azot z tego źródła, zawartości azotu w osadach bądź kompostach tworzonych na ich bazie oraz równoważnika nawozowego azotu w odniesieniu do nawozów mineralnych.
Źródło:: Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska; 2014, 17, 1; 105-115
1505-3695
2391-7253
Pojawia się w:: Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Phosphorus cycle - possibilities for its rebuilding
Autorzy:: Gorazda, Katarzyna
Wzorek, Zbigniew
Tarko, Barbara
Nowak, Anna
Kulczycka, Joanna
Henclik, Anna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039475.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:: phosphorus cycle
phosphorus recovery
sewage sludge ash
acidic extraction of phosphorus
sewage sludge incineration
Opis:: The rebuilding of the phosphorus cycle can be performed with the use of both biotechnology and chemical technology. This paper presents a review of the phosphorus cycle and the different approaches that can be taken to the recovery of phosphorus from phosphate-rich waste. Critical issues in the phosphorus cycle are also discussed. Methods for the recovery of phosphorus form sewage sludge ash are widely explored and divided into two groups: wet extraction methods and thermochemical methods. Laboratory-scale methods are described, as well as proposed industrial technologies, with particular regard to the possibilities for their implementation in Poland. Phosphorus recovery methods from SSA (sewage sludge ash) in our country seems to be promising due to the increasing number of sewage sludge incineration plants, which could easily supply ash to future recovery installations. For the effective recovery of P from sewage sludge ash, it is essential to make the right choice in determining the appropriate method to use with respect to the particular properties of the ash composition available. A patented method of phosphorus recovery by acid extraction methods, developed by Cracow University of Technology, results in an efficiency of 80-96% for phosphorus recovery. 3000 to 4000 tons of phosphorus per year can be recycled and introduced back into the environment, that covers around 7% of the total amount of phosphorus ore imported into Poland between 2008 and 2009.
Źródło:: Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2013, 60, 4; 725-730
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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