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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Leading Metaphilosophical Values of the Lvov-Warsaw School
    Autorzy:
    Szubka, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38423928.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Tematy:
    Lvov-Warsaw School
    scientific philosophy
    analytic philosophy
    Kazimierz Twardowski
    Zygmunt Zawirski
    Izydora Dąmbska
    Opis:
    The article explores the concept of scientific philosophy as understood by members of the Lvov-Warsaw School. The author argues that according to Twardowski and his students, philosophy should be done as an exact discipline which ought to be pursued in critical and collaborative spirit. Selected views on scientific philosophy are analyzed, including ideas of Ajdukiewicz, Zawirski, and Dąmbska. It is claimed that though the conception of scientific philosophy is beset with crucial and fundamental ambiguities, it was far more important for the Lvov-Warsaw School than the idea of analytic philosophy.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2022, 30, 1; 47-52
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Philosophy and Social Sciences in a Securitological Perspective
    Autorzy:
    Świniarski, Janusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22358874.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-09-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    knowledge
    science
    philosophy
    intuition
    scientific philosophy
    philosophy of social sciences
    First Causes according to the Big Bang Theory
    the first four causes
    the four elements of the social system
    Opis:
    The inspiration of this text is the belief of the Pythagoreans that the roots and source of complete knowledge is the quadruple expressed in the “arch-four”, also called as tetractys. Hence the hypothesis considered in this paper is: the basis of the philosophy of social sciences is entangled in these four valours, manifested in what is “general and necessary” (scientific) in social life, the first and universal as to the “principles and causes” of this life (theoretically philosophical) and “which can be different in it” (practically philosophical) and “intuitive”. The quadruple appears with different clarity in the history of human thought, which seeks clarification and understanding of the things being cognised, including such a thing as society. It is exposed in the oath of the Pythagoreans, the writings of Plato and Aristotle, who applied these four valours, among other things, in distinguishing the four types of knowledge and learning about the first four causes and principles. This fourfold division seems to be experiencing a renaissance in contemporary theological-cognitive holism and can be treated as an expressive, a “hard core”, and the basis of research not only of social but mainly of global society as a social system. This entanglement of the foundations of the philosophy of the social sciences leads to the suggestion of defining this philosophy as the knowledge of social being composed of “what is general and necessary” (scientific), genetically first, universal (theoretically philosophical) and “being able to be different” (philosophically practical) and intuitive.
    Źródło:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2023, 3(53); 55-77
    0208-7375
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Philosophy as transformative practice: a proposal for a new concept of philosophy that better suits philosophy education
    Autorzy:
    Thomas, Phillipp
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/437436.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii
    Tematy:
    philosophy of education
    theories of education
    practical turn and philosophy
    modern scientific paradigm and philosophy
    subject‐specific didactics philosophy
    philosophy education
    philosophy at school
    Opis:
    The source of the following considerations is the observation that academic philosophy at universities does not fit well with philosophy education processes, e.g., those at school. Both sides seem to be separate from each other. I assume that the two areas rely on two very different concepts of philosophy. To work out a concept of philosophy more appropriate to the educational context, I methodically apply the practical turn to our philosophising in very different contexts. Moreover, I elaborate that it is precisely the modern scientific paradigm that underlies philosophy as scientific practice and that the former represents a problematic con-striction of philosophising in educational contexts. For where the ideal is objective scientific knowledge - from which everything subjective has been removed - there can be no deeper transformation of the subject through philosophy. My thesis is that philosophy is better suited to the educational context as transformative and not as scientific practice. As a consequence, the question arises as to whether the study of philosophy on teacher training courses needs a new impulse in the direction of philosophy as transformative practice.
    Źródło:
    ARGUMENT: Biannual Philosophical Journal; 2019, 9, 2; 185-199
    2083-6635
    2084-1043
    Pojawia się w:
    ARGUMENT: Biannual Philosophical Journal
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Daniel Dennett’s New Mind: Darwin, Turing but no Bach
    Autorzy:
    Krzanowski, Roman
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690878.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    mind
    philosophy of mind
    cognitive science
    scientific explanation
    Opis:
    Book review: Daniel C. Dennett, From Bacteria to Bach and Back. The evolution of mind, Penguin Random House, UK 2017, pp. 467.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2018, 64; 209-213
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A conventionalist account of distinctively mathematical explanation
    Autorzy:
    Povich, Mark
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28763422.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    scientific explanation
    philosophy of science
    philosophy of mathematics
    mathematical explanation
    ontic conception
    conventionalism
    Opis:
    Distinctively mathematical explanations (DMEs) explain natural phenomena primarily by appeal to mathematical facts. One important question is whether there can be an ontic account of DME. An ontic account of DME would treat the explananda and explanantia of DMEs as ontic items (ontic objects, properties, structures, etc.) and the explanatory relation between them as an ontic relation (e.g., Pincock, 2015; Povich, 2021). Here I present a conventionalist account of DME, defend it against objections, and argue that it should be considered ontic. Notably, if indeed it is ontic, the conventionalist account seems to avoid a convincing objection to other ontic accounts (Kuorikoski, 2021).
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2023, 74; 171-223
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Scientific Realism and the Objects of Medicine in the Hippocratic Treatise On the Art
    Autorzy:
    Cales, Kevin Ray
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2057140.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-03-30
    Wydawca:
    International Étienne Gilson Society
    Tematy:
    scientific realism
    medicine
    ancient Greek philosophy
    sophism
    abstract objects
    ontology
    Opis:
    On the Art is a polemical treatise in the Hippocratic corpus that has been dated to 450–400 Bce. As a polemical work, the author defends the existence of medicine against detractors. i argue that the author employs two arguments for scientific realism in defense of medicine that are among the earliest known. First, i situate the work in the context of the sophistic movement and the nomos vs. physis debate. Second, i analyze the two arguments in On the Art ii, and i argue by contraposing spatiotemporalist, constructivist, and realist interpretations of the passage that the author grapples with the semantic stretch of the word εἶδος. thereafter, i propose the arguments are best understood as indispensability arguments in which medical realism is defended in order to explain clinical practice.
    Źródło:
    Studia Gilsoniana; 2022, 11, 2; 229-248
    2300-0066
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Gilsoniana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evidence and Its Proof. Designing a Test of Evidence
    Autorzy:
    Riofrío, Juan Carlos
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/518986.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Fundacja Utriusque Iuris
    Tematy:
    methodology
    legal studies
    philosophy of law
    law epistemology
    evident knowledge
    scientific knowledge
    Źródło:
    Forum Prawnicze; 2019, 3 (53); 14-32
    2081-688X
    Pojawia się w:
    Forum Prawnicze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On The Struggle of Scientists with the Effects of Positivist Myths Functioning in the Life Sciences
    Autorzy:
    Kubica, Alicja
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/42803463.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Positivist mythology
    meta-scientific and meta-philosophical mythology
    philosophy of biology
    philosophy of protobiology
    research on the origins of life
    Opis:
    The aim of this article is to examine whether the “seven myths” identified and presented by Uroboros in “In venenoso Dracone …,” more than thirty years ago still function in the academic community. It also aims to address whether there are indications that this state has undergone a change. It seems that naturalists found that excessive adherence to a physicalist style of doing science severely limits research work. At the same time, scientists often grapple with the consequences of implementing physicalism and stumble while addressing philosophical issues.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia i Nauka; 2024, 12; 213-230
    2300-4711
    2545-1936
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia i Nauka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Imagination, geniuses and thought collectives
    Autorzy:
    Mścisławski, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1943076.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    scientific revolution
    old quantum theory
    special relativity
    thought collective
    physics
    philosophy of science
    Opis:
    In his book Wojciech Sady attempts to reconstruct the structure of the fundamental transformations that can be described as the relativistic and quantum revolution. Referring to rich historical material and Ludwik Fleck’s reflections on the development of scientific knowledge, the author tries to explain how it is possible that “scientists began to think differently than they had been taught.” Sady’s work, although not devoid of somewhat weaker points, is a brave and thought-provoking attempt to propose his own explanation of the mechanisms of the aforementioned transformations.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2021, 71; 175-190
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Ukrainian context of Comenius studies: philosophical, pedagogical, psychological aspects
    Autorzy:
    Kobernyk, Alexander
    Osadchenko, Inna
    Tkachuk, Larysa
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1194941.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
    Tematy:
    John Amos Comenius
    Comeniana
    Ukrainian Comeniology
    philosophy
    psychology
    pedagogy
    scientific research
    the Great Didactic
    Opis:
    The article describes philosophical, pedagogical and psychological aspects of Comenius’s scientific ideas based on the analysis of scientific findings of Ukrainian authors in different historical times. It is found that the works of the prominent educator began to be analyzed in detail by Ukrainian scholars in the second half of the 19th century. The article also thematically chronologizes studies on the work of John Amos Comenius: pedagogical ideas; biographical data; the role of ideas in the context of developing sciences of different fields, such as philosophy, history, pedagogy. The article shows that the philosophical aspect of Ukrainian Comeniology is characterized by the focus of scholars of the 19th century on Comenius’s theological ideas and, through their prism, on the functioning of the Ukrainian education system; the exemplarity of his figure in overcoming obstacles to Ukraine’s independence; the analysis of his ideas from the beginning of Ukraine’s independence through a nationally updated context of socio-cultural relations; the quintessence of the philosophical concept of “eternal peace”. The philosophical aspect of Ukrainian Comeniology is substantially connected with the pedagogical aspect: the everyday relevance of Comenius’s pedagogical ideas in all the analyzed historical periods of Comenius studies (from the middle of the 19th century up to the present day); the eloquence of the educator’s ideas, in particular the deterministic historical and social conditions of the teach-er’s professionalization and the image of the modern pupil; the permanent relevance of Comenius’s pedagogical principles (democracy, cultural conformity through national identity); ideas for schools teaching in national languages, etc. The psychological aspect of Ukrainian Сomeniology has not yet been revealed. Considerable attention has been paid to the psychological ideas of John Amos Comenius through the compilation of the quotations corresponding to the psychological concept of today.
    Źródło:
    Siedleckie Zeszyty Komeniologiczne. Seria pedagogika; 2019, 6; 209-224
    2450-7245
    2658-1973
    Pojawia się w:
    Siedleckie Zeszyty Komeniologiczne. Seria pedagogika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Scientific essentialism in the light of classification practice in biology – a case study of phytosociology
    Esencjalizm naukowy wobec czynności tworzenia klasyfikacji w biologii – studium przypadku fitosocjologii
    Autorzy:
    Kubiak, Adam P.
    Wodzisz, Rafał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/577330.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    scientific essentialism
    realism
    taxonomy
    clustering
    subjectivity
    philosophy of biology
    phytosociology
    vegetation
    esencjalizm naukowy
    realizm
    taksonomia
    grupowanie
    subiektywność
    filozofia biologii
    fitosocjologia
    roślinność
    Opis:
    In our paper we investigate the difficulty that arises when one tries to reconsiliate essentialist’s thinking with classification practice in the biological sciences. The article outlines some varieties of essentialism with particular attention to the version defended by Brian Ellis. We underline the basic difference: Ellis thinks that essentialism is not a viable position in biology due to its incompatibility with biological typology and other essentialists think that these two elements can be reconciled. However, both parties have in common metaphysical starting point and they lack explicit track of methodological procedures. Methodological inquiry involves less demanding assumptions than metaphysical, and therefore it is justified to analyse abovementioned discrepancy between Ellis and other essentialist in this context. We do it by bottom-up investigation which focuses on the practice of taxonomists in the particular field of biology. A case study helps us to discover four characteristics of biological typology practice: impossibility of algorithmization, relativity, subjectivity and conventionality. These features prove non-realistic and therefore anti-essentialistic character of biological classification. We conclude by saying that any essentialism related to the notion of biological kind cannot be regarded as justified by scientific enterprise of creating typologies.
    W naszym artykule zbadaliśmy trudność powstającą w obliczu próby pogodzenia esencjalizmu z praktyką tworzenia klasyfikacji w naukach biologicznych. W tekście przedstawiliśmy różne odmiany esencjalizmu ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wersji bronionej przez Briana Ellisa. Zasadnicza różnica między dyskutowanymi stanowiskami polega na tym, że zdaniem Ellisa nie da się pogodzić założeń esencjalizmu z praktyką tworzenia typologii w biologii, natomiast zdaniem innych esencjalistów jest to możliwe. Jednakże, obydwa podejścia charakteryzuje filozoficzny punkt wyjścia i brak wyczerpującej analizy metodyki tworzenia klasyfikacji. Analiza metodologiczna wymaga mniej angażujących założeń, niż analiza filozoficzna. Dlatego przyjrzeliśmy się bliżej wspomnianej rozbieżności pomiędzy podejściem Ellisa i innych esencjalistów przez pryzmat praktyki taksonomów w konkretnej subdyscyplinie biologii. Przy pomocy studium przypadku odkryliśmy zestaw czterech własności epistemicznych charakterystycznych dla praktyki klasyfikacyjnej: niealgorytmizowalność, względność, subiektywność oraz konwencjonalność. Te własności świadczą o nie-realistycznym, a zatem również antyesencjalistycznym charakterze klasyfikacji w biologii. W konsekwencji stwierdziliśmy, że żadna odmiana esencjalizmu, w której wykorzystywane jest pojęcie biologicznego rodzaju naturalnego nie daje się uzasadnić w odwołaniu do tworzenia biologicznych typologizacji.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa; 2012, 48, 4 (194); 231-250
    0044-1619
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Scientific foundation aspects of business models theory
    Podstawy naukowe teorii modeli biznesowych – wybrane aspekty
    Autorzy:
    Sierotowicz, Tomasz
    Sierotowicz, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/577858.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-09
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    business model
    scientific foundation of economics and management theories
    philosophy of economics
    model biznesowy
    naukowe podstawy teorii ekonomii i zarządzania
    filozofia ekonomii
    Opis:
    During the last two decades, the literature in management studies has shown a signifi cant increase in interest in the theory of business models, and there has been wide-ranging discussion about the definitions of those models. These studies and discussions have provoked questions about the scientifi c nature of business models. The question is analysed here by using the methodology of the Scientific Research Tradition (ScRT) proposed by Larry Laudan. The result confirmed that the theory of business models that is created and defined based on management sciences falls under the scope of ScRT.
    W ostatnich dwóch dekadach odnotowano w literaturze dotyczącej zarządzania znaczący wzrost zainteresowania teorią modeli biznesowych, jak również szeroko zakrojonej dyskusji na temat definicji modelu biznesowego. Te badania i dyskusje budziły wątpliwości dotyczące naukowego charakteru modeli biznesowych. Kwestia naukowych podstaw modeli biznesowych została w tym artykule poddana analizie i ocenie, z wykorzystaniem Metodologii Tradycji Badań Naukowych (MTBN) zaproponowanej przez Larrego Laudana. Uzyskany tą drogą rezultat potwierdził, że teoria modeli biznesowych, która jest tworzona w oparciu o fundamenty naukowe zarządzania mieści się w zakresie MTBN.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa; 2017, 53, 3(213); 309-322
    0044-1619
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Protoeconomics in the European Middle Ages and modern times
    Protoekonomia w średniowieczu europejskim i czasach nowożytnych
    Autorzy:
    Wójcicki, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051408.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej
    Tematy:
    protoeconomics
    European Middle Age
    Middle Age
    modern time
    Christianity
    cultural formation
    mutual penetration
    idea
    scientific method
    philosophy
    science development
    money
    demographic change
    Opis:
    Subject and purpose of work: The thesis presents an overview of the economic issues which existed in the European Middle Ages and modern times, prior to establishing classical economics. Materials and methods: The thesis was prepared based on the literature review which included scientific publications and websites devoted to the economy, as well as to social and cultural changes. During the Middle Ages, the mere survival was no longer satisfactory for humans; the times saw the accumulation of wealth, which turned out to be a prerequisite for participation in social life. Results: The initial intellectual narrative was dominated by canonists who studied the laws emerging from religious doctrines, gradually shifting their focus to philosophy, emphasizing the importance of research methods based on reason. Many universal ideas were introduced at the time. Conclusions: a) The focus on the method used as a research tool accelerated the emergence of particular areas of scientific studies; b) Christianity constituted the cultural core in the medieval period; c) Theology, in conjunction with philosophy, constituted the source allowing for the emergence of social sciences.
    Źródło:
    Economic and Regional Studies; 2019, 12, 4; 456-470
    2083-3725
    2451-182X
    Pojawia się w:
    Economic and Regional Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    THE ESSENTIAL CONNECTION BETWEEN MODERN SCIENCE AND UTOPIAN SOCIALISM
    Autorzy:
    Redpath, Peter A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507570.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    International Étienne Gilson Society
    Tematy:
    agent intellect
    ancient
    artist
    colleges
    creative free spirit
    creator
    destroy
    explanation
    false
    fairy tale
    force
    freedom
    general will
    God
    great idea
    history
    humanities
    idea
    illumine
    imagination
    intellect
    light
    literature
    meditation
    metaphysics
    modern science
    modern socialism
    morality
    nature
    philosopher
    philosophy
    positivism
    propaganda
    psychology
    pure reason
    reality
    reason
    science
    scientific
    scientist
    seeker
    selfcreator
    sight
    social science
    social system
    socialism
    sophistry
    speculative
    surrealism
    system
    theology
    tolerance
    totalitarianism
    truth
    universal methodic doubt
    universities
    utopian socialism
    Vienna Circle
    violence
    violent
    virtue
    West
    will
    wisdom
    Opis:
    The chief aim of this paper is to demonstrate beyond reasonable doubt how, through an essential misunderstanding of the nature of philosophy, and science, over the past several centuries, the prevailing Western tendency to reduce the whole of science to mathematical physics unwittingly generated utopian socialism as a political substitute for metaphysics. In short, being unable speculatively, philosophically, and metaphysically to justify this reduction, some Western intellectuals re-conceived the natures of philosophy, science, and metaphysics as increasingly enlightened, historical and political forms of the evolution of human consciousness toward creation of systematic science, a science of clear and distinct ideas. In the process they unwittingly wound up reducing contemporary philosophy and Western higher education largely into tools of utopian socialist political propaganda.
    Źródło:
    Studia Gilsoniana; 2014, 3; 203-220
    2300-0066
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Gilsoniana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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