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Tytuł:
Financial security of Polish households
Bezpieczeństwo finansowe polskich gospodarstw domowych
Autorzy:
Kozera, A.
Stanislawska, J.
Glowicka-Woloszyn, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/44115.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
household
financial security
saving
Polska
Opis:
A household’s financial security is essential for the satisfaction of the needs and wants of its members, both communal and individual. It constitutes a kind of foundation for all of a household’s financial decisions that impact its standard of living. The article aims to assess the level of financial security of Polish households in 2005–2013. The research draws on data from Genworth Index, HBS conducted by the Central Statistical Office (GUS) and Social Diagnosis (Diagnoza społeczna) overseen by the Social Monitoring Council. The study shows that Poland is characterized by a low level of financial security relative to other European countries, especially Western and Scandinavian. More than three-quarters of Polish households experience financial problems and exhibit both a low propensity to save, and low savings rates.
Bezpieczeństwo finansowe gospodarstw domowych jest szczególnie istotne z punktu widzenia możliwości zaspokojenia potrzeb wspólnych i indywidualnych jego członków. Dla gospodarstw domowych stanowi ono swoisty fundament, na bazie którego mogą podejmować decyzje finansowe mające wpływ na poziom ich życia. Głównym celem artykułu jest próba oceny poziomu bezpieczeństwa finansowego gospodarstw domowych w Polsce po wstąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej. Postawiony w artykule problem badawczy opracowano na podstawie danych pochodzących z badań Genworth (Indeks Genworth), Budżety gospodarstw domowych (GUS) oraz Diagnozy społecznej. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały, że Polska należy do państw o relatywnie niskim poziomie bezpieczeństwa finansowego na tle państw Europy, w szczególności w odniesieniu do państw zachodnich oraz skandynawskich. Ponad trzy czw arte polskich gospodarstw domowych przynajmniej czasami doświadcza problemów finansowych, ponadto charakteryzuje je niska stopa oszczędzania i skłonność do takich zachowań.
Źródło:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development; 2016, 41, 3
1899-5241
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermomodernization – Rescue for the Building
Autorzy:
Orłowska, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315754.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
energy saving
characteristic
thermal modernization
Opis:
The article discusses issues related to modifying existing buildings to improve their condition in terms of lower energy consumption and reducing heat loss. The study takes the form of a review. Current systems and data are described according to relevant standards. The issue of the energy efficiency of the building is explored. A list of the most common ways of thermal modernization has been presented. Financial support programs were discussed. The merits and drawbacks of the solutions are delineated.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2023, 25; 208--214
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of Energy Performance of existing building with adoption of Nearly Zero Energy Building concept in Rural area of Bhutan
Autorzy:
Lhendup, Samten
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/31233752.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
performance
energy
evaluation
saving rural
Opis:
Climate is changing very fast today and this is not natural. We are experiencing the impact of the climate change in many aspects. It is also expected to impact the performance of buildings badly in due course of time. In the recent years, many countries started investing to evaluate energy performances of the buildings and opting for the best suited energy-saving measures. However, this concept may be new in the context of Bhutan. But the expectation of author is that this new concept may revolutionize the building construction sectors in Bhutan. Many studies shows that Buildings are one of the world’s largest consumer of energy and on the other hand strategies are available to reduce the energy consumption. The strategies can be applied right from the design phases for the new buildings and retrofits for the old buildings. In-order to apply the best strategies of energy consumption reduction and to understand building energy consumption pattern, needs to carry out energy performance of the buildings. Therefore, one of the single-story residential building located in Dewathang is chosen as model building for study purpose. The simulation is carried out using OpenStudio and support by sketchup and the results are discussed under result discussion.
Źródło:
Innovations – Sustainability – Modernity – Openness. Modernity in engineering; 91-99
9788366391901
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Saving Energy – a Smart, Ecological and Necessary Trend
Autorzy:
Orłowska, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174925.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
energy saving
energy
protect
environment
Opis:
The article discusses selected ways of saving energy. It is a review material on the problems of humanity and industry in terms of energy consumption of machines, and devices as well as principles and actions aimed at improving and protecting the environment and the Earth – as our planet. Energy efficiency, which should go hand in hand with energy saving, was also mentioned. A prognosis for the coming years and new ways of labelling devices were presented. In addition, the issue of greenhouse gases and their emissions into the atmosphere was also raised.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2022, 24; 472--480
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The theoretical bases and methodical recommendations of energy saving management in a business organization
Teoretyczne podstawy i zalecenia metodyczne zarządzania oszczędnością energii w organizacji biznesowej
Autorzy:
Shatilova, Olena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1840767.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
energy saving
management
business organization
energy saving management process
energy saving business model
oszczędzanie energii
zarządzanie
organizacja biznesowa
proces zarządzania
energooszczędny model biznesowy
Opis:
The article is devoted to topical issues of energy saving management of a business organization. The concept and essence of saving are considered. Based on the systematization of the totality of manifestations of saving energy, the following types are distinguished: economic, ecological, ecological-economic, reputation and social. External and internal factors of saving energy in a business organization are identified, which reflect the conditions of its operation in the context of saving energy. It is determined that energy efficiency barriers, which are proposed to be divided into technical-economic, organizational-behavioral and cognitive, characterize the energy saving process in terms of restraining factors in improving the efficiency of fuel and energy resources, reflect specific obstacles within the energy saving process in a particular business organizations and are of an intra-organizational nature. It is determined that to improve energy saving processes in a business organization the use cycles of continuous development, in particular, the Deming cycle is advisable. For the purposes of energy management, the use an appropriate business model that determines the order of formation of the economic advantage of the entity through energy savings and reflects a set of solutions that characterize the process of creating value for stakeholders are advisable.
Artykuł poświęcony jest aktualnym zagadnieniom zarządzania oszczędnością energii w organizacji biznesowej. Uwzględniono koncepcję i istotę oszczędzania. Usystematyzowano występujące sposoby oszczędzania energii i wyróżniono następujące typy: ekonomiczny, ekologiczny, ekologiczno-ekonomiczny, reputacyjny i społeczny. Zidentyfikowano zewnętrzne i wewnętrzne czynniki oszczędzania energii w organizacji biznesowej, które odzwierciedlają uwarunkowania jej działania w tym kontekście. Zaproponowano rozróżnienie barier efektywności energetycznej, hamujących poprawę efektywności wykorzystywania paliw i zasobów energetycznych, na: techniczno-ekonomiczne, organizacyjno-behawioralne i poznawcze, co odzwierciedla konkretne przeszkody w obrębie procesu oszczędzania energii w poszczególnych organizacjach biznesowych. Stwierdzono, że w celu usprawnienia procesów oszczędzania energii w organizacji biznesowej wskazane jest wykorzystanie cyklów ciągłego doskonalenia, w szczególności cyklu Deminga. Na potrzeby zarządzania energią wskazane jest stosowanie odpowiedniego modelu biznesowego, który określa kolejność kształtowania korzyści ekonomicznej podmiotu poprzez oszczędzanie energii i odzwierciedla zestaw rozwiązań charakteryzujących proces tworzenia wartości dla interesariuszy. W celu poprawy efektywności energetycznej zaproponowano oparcie się na sformalizowanym modelu biznesowym efektywności energetycznej organizacji biznesowej oraz zastosowanie programu oszczędzania energii uwzględniającego usunięcie wewnętrznych przeszkód, który stanie się dźwignią dla poprawy efektywności.
Źródło:
Polityka Energetyczna; 2020, 23, 4; 5-16
1429-6675
Pojawia się w:
Polityka Energetyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How the shadow economy can be detected in National Accounts
Autorzy:
Oinonen, Sami
Virén, Matti
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1808289.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-10-18
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
shadow economy
National Accounts
saving behaviour
Opis:
The paper examines how indicators of the shadow economy correspond to the National Accounts values. More precisely, we focus on household accounts assuming that the shadow economy should be visible in the difference between household income and consumption, as household (disposable) income is grossly underreported. Household consumption seems therefore to be a more accurate indicator in this context, as most shadow economy income is eventually spent on consumption. This implies that household savings figures should be negatively related to the values of the shadow economy; consequently, if the values relating to the shadow economy are high, savings should be low, or even negative, and vice versa. We verify this hypothesis using European cross-country data covering the years 1991-2017 with the application of MIMIC model calculations as a point of reference. The estimation results lend very little support to the hypothesis assuming that the shadow economy depresses household savings, even though we can otherwise explain comparatively well the cross-country variation in household savings and consumption growth rates.
Źródło:
Przegląd Statystyczny; 2021, 68, 2; 20-37
0033-2372
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Statystyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Household Saving in Crisis – Literature Review
Oszczędności gospodarstw domowych w kryzysie - przegląd literatury
Autorzy:
Korzeniowska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36081520.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
oszczędzanie
finanse gospodarstw domowych
pandemia
kryzys
oszczędzanie na zabezpieczenie
saving
household finance
pandemic
crisis
precautionary saving
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to compare the focus of researchers and the saving behavior of households in different types of crises within the scope of the financial crisis of 2008 and the pandemic crisis. The research focused on the literature review of publications in the WoS bibliographic database concentrated on saving and personal finance with the addition of a crisis or pandemic. 276 publications in the WoS category of Economics were identified. Full and fractional clustering with VOS Viewer was applied. It has been found that there are differences in the behavior of households and in the focus of researchers concerning analyzed terms between the pandemic and other crises. In the case of the financial crisis of 2008, a broader approach prevailed, considering the situation of the financial market and its liquidity, but also inequalities and imbalances at the individual, national and international levels. When it comes to the pandemic, the term savings had the most associations with problems related to the situation of an individual household. Attention was paid to financial security, income, wealth, and demand generated by the household.
Celem artykułu jest porównanie skupienia badaczy i zachowań oszczędnościowych gospodarstw domowych w różnych typach kryzysów w zakresie kryzysu finansowego z 2008 r. i kryzysu pandemicznego. Badania koncentrowały się na przeglądzie literaturowym publikacji w bazie bibliograficznej WoS skoncentrowanych na oszczędzaniu i finansach osobistych z dodatkiem kryzysu lub pandemii. Zidentyfikowano 276 publikacji w kategorii WoS Ekonomia. Zastosowano klastrowanie pełne i frakcyjne za pomocą VosViewer. Stwierdzono, że między pandemią a innymi kryzysami istnieją różnice w zachowaniu gospodarstw domowych i skupieniu badaczy na analizowanych pojęciach. W przypadku kryzysu finansowego z 2008 r. dominowało podejście szersze, uwzględniające sytuację rynku finansowego i jego płynność, ale także nierówności i nierównowagi na poziomie indywidualnym, krajowym i międzynarodowym. Jeśli chodzi o pandemię, termin oszczędności najwięcej kojarzył się z problemami związanymi z sytuacją pojedynczego gospodarstwa domowego. Zwrócono uwagę na bezpieczeństwo finansowe, dochody, majątek oraz popyt generowany przez gospodarstwa domowe.
Źródło:
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe; 2023, 4, 40; 67-76
2391-6478
2353-5601
Pojawia się w:
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Review of Green Buildings Spreading and Levels
Autorzy:
Sarireh, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2023788.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
energy saving
water saving
LEED
green
waste stop
go green
oszczędność energii
oszczędność wody
Zielony
zatrzymanie odpadów
Opis:
In fulfilling worldwide broad concerns about environment impacts and changes leads to global warming, green building is becoming more adopted and increasingly in owners' and occupiers' demand and provision. Source scarce and depletion imposes construction to develop sustainable green building as efficient construction innovation. The paper aims to review green building literature research in design and construction. Green building can go integrally in design, construction, and operation in sustainable operation. Green building adoption maximizes savings in energy, water for other beneficial uses, decrease waste and co2 emission and avoiding cost of treatment, transferring, and disposal of waste. From results, it is found out that construction companies and firms should follow and practice green building standards in plans and programs for new construction and rehabilitation of existing buildings, and should keep records for data in specific centers established for this purpose. In a continuous development process, records will give clear history of experience and show financial performance and benefits considering levels of environmental sustainability and green building innovations, savings, and acceptable health-environmental manners.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2021, 15, 4; 81-92
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental performance of a hybrid solar energy saving system in greenhouses
Autorzy:
Ntinas, G.
Kougias, P.
Nikita-Martzopoulou, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26431.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
experimental performance
hybrid
solar energy
saving system
greenhouse
energy saving
microclimate
tomato
Greece
crop production
rural production
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2011, 25, 3
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of supplemental lighting during the period of rapid fruit development on the growth, yield, and energy use efficiency in strawberry plant production
Autorzy:
Yoneda, A.
Yasutake, D.
Hidaka, K.
Muztahidin, N.I.
Miyoshi, Y.
Kitano, M.
Okayasu, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082873.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
energy-saving
environmental control
greenhouse
LED
translocation
Opis:
Supplemental lighting techniques in greenhouses can increase plant growth and yield but require substantial amounts of energy. We proposed the use of energy-saving supplemental lighting, which was applied during rapid fruit development when the transport of photosynthetic products into the fruit was active. We measured the physiological responses (photosynthesis, growth, yield) of the strawberry plants with single fruit truss, wherein the following 3 treatments were made: plants were cultivated with no supplemental lighting (control), supplemental lighting throughout the experimental period (normal-light), and supplemental lighting during rapid fruit development (short-light). The period of rapid fruit development corresponded to 33% of the experimental period, and the cumulative light intensity for the short-light treatment was half of that for the normal-light treatment, and twice that of the control treatment. Consequently, the leaf area and dry weight of the plant body were significantly increased following normal-light and short-light treatments compared with the control treatment. The yield for the short-light treatment was also increased and nearly equal to that of the normal-light treatment but no significance to the control treatment. However, the energy use efficiency of the short-light was improved 1.5-fold compared to the normal-light treatment. Thus, shortening the period of supplemental lighting in accordance with the characteristics of fruit development is potentially effective.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2020, 34, 2; 233-239
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy saving technologies for fishing vessels
Autorzy:
Behrendt, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359775.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
fishing vessel
energetic systems
energy-saving technologies
Opis:
The paper presents an analysis of technologies usable at fishing vessels which ensure that fuel consumption by their power systems is reduced as well as the emission of exhaust gases. During the analysis the specificity of operational activities for fishing vessels and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) requirements have been taken into consideration. Energy saving technological, operational and logistic activities have been discussed. Forecast savings regarding fuel consumption upon application of technological innovations at fishing vessels have been presented.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2014, 39 (111); 11-15
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy recovery system for excavators with movable counterweight
Autorzy:
Gawlik, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243605.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
active counterweight
excavator
homothetic transformation
energy saving
Opis:
Due to the high fuel costs are developed the different types of energy saving systems that are supposed to increase the productivity of machines per each burned liter of fuel. Paper describes the concept of an active counterweight system designed for excavators. Suggested solution includes both the kinematical structure and the hydraulic system. The hydraulic system of active counterweight is connected with the boom standard hydraulic system. The counterweight mechanism is homothetic to working mechanism of the excavator. The homothetic transformation applies to kinematical structure and positions of the centres of gravity. The homothetic transformation provides to static unloading of boom cylinder by the mated counterweight cylinder. The aim of investigations is saving energy by machines which can use potential energy of movable counterweight. The research tests are performed for selected work cycle to determine the key parameters of hydraulic system, such as: cylinders velocity, working pressure, oil flow etc. Primary test results compare power consumption for standard and modification system during the same work cycle. The level of energy recovery is promising especially at lower velocities of boom mechanism cylinder. The energy saving for higher boom cylinder velocity will be possible after reduce of pressure drop in hydraulic circuit.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 113-120
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Households’ Saving Mobility in Poland
Autorzy:
Liberda, Barbara
Pęczkowski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/466038.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
household
saving
distribution
mobility
Markov matrix
polarization
Opis:
In this paper we examine the mobility of Polish households with regard to saving rates during the years 2007-2010 and compare it with the households’ saving mobility during the years 1997-2000. The analysis for 2007-2010 is based on the household budget panel data from three panels of 15,000 Polish households selected by authors for the years 2007-2008, 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 from the Household Budget Surveys. We use the Markov mobility matrix and estimate the long-term ergodic distribution of households according to the saving rates. Our results show that the long-term households’ distribution reveals a tendency towards polarization of households with regard to saving rates. Comparing the results for 2007-2010 with the authors’ previous research on the households’ saving mobility for a decade earlier during 1997-2000, we prove that between the years 1997-2000 and 2007-2010 the long-term change in the distribution of households was asymmetrical toward the highest saving rate groups. This helps to explain why Polish households could maintain positive and rising savings during the highly uncertain period of the financial crisis in 2007-2010.
Źródło:
Statistics in Transition new series; 2013, 14, 2; 273-286
1234-7655
Pojawia się w:
Statistics in Transition new series
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of heat requirements in greenhouses for Kirşehir and Kahramanmaraş provinces
Autorzy:
Boyaci, Sedat
Akyüz, Adil
Tanriverdi, Çağatay
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131639.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
greenhouse
heat requirement
thermal screen
energy saving
Opis:
Greenhouses are artificial growing environments that can provide the growth factors required for the production of crop plants out of season. In these structures, the low temperature values that occur during the year cause losses in yield and quality because they are not suitable for plant cultivation. In order to be able to grow out of season in these periods, the amount of heat required by the plants should be provided with additional heating. In the study carried out to determine the amount of heat needed in greenhouses throughout the year for the provinces of Kırşehir and Kahramanmaraş, which are located in two different regions of Turkey, the heat requirements that will arise in the presence or absence of a thermal screen in greenhouses with the same characteristics were calculated. In the calculations, the most common tomato plant grown in both provinces has been considered. Accordingly, if the greenhouse temperature is kept at a constant temperature of 18°C throughout the year, the heat energy requirements that emerge during the year are 469.90 kWh m.-2 for Kırşehir and 254.71 kWh m.-2 for Kahramanmaraş. In the case of using a thermal screen, these values were calculated as 401.53 kWh m.-2 for Kırşehir province and 218.91 kWh m.-2 for Kahramanmaraş province. As a result of the study, the amount of heat energy needed in greenhouses in provinces decreased with the use of thermal screens. It has been determined that this situation is extremely important in terms of reducing the share of heating in production costs and the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by fossil energy sources used for heating purposes.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2022, nr I/1; 5-20
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
FEATURES OF ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL IN LITHUANIAN HOUSEHOLDS
Autorzy:
Simanaviciene, Zaneta
Volochovic, Andzej
Cibinskiene, Akvile
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517327.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
energy saving potential
households
evaluation
behavior change
Opis:
Scientists from all over the world recognize that saving energy in households is currently a very relevant topic. Energy resources are a very important factor for each country's economic vitality. Not only the country's replenishment in energy resources is important, but also the reduction of energy consumption volume. The Objective of the study: to assess the energy savings in households potential, applying the measures aimed at the behavior change of the population through energy-saving direction. Methodology: yhe impact of behavior change of the population measures is assessed according to the criteria of efficiency and effectiveness. In order to assess the potential for energy savings in households, the following methods, such as an experiment, the control group formation scenario, household questionnaire, were used. The questionnaire was designed to supplement the experiment, in order to gain deeper knowledge of the household, to obtain more detailed information about the nature of the behavior, to identify barriers to behavior change, and to select a control group of households to carry out the experiment. Data, results and main contribution of the paper: research shows that people's behavior related to energy saving is influenced by a number of macro-level and micro-level factors. In the article, the assumptions of the changing behavior of population are analyzed and the specific measures aimed at the behavior changes of the population selection and implementation impact assessment.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2016, 11, 1; 145-157
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 135

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