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Tytuł:
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on drug markets, prevention and treatment in Ukraine
Autorzy:
Bevz, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2195620.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05-27
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
pandemic
drug prevention
restrictions
Ukraine
Opis:
This paper aims to highlight some issues, challenges and trends caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the drug scene and the system of drug prevention in Ukraine. This article is based on the official statistics, available qualitative and quantitative studies conducted by the Institute for Psychiatry, Forensic Psychiatric Examination and Drug Monitoring of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine (Ukrainian National Focal Point), the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) and Ukrainian researchers. Of course, some studies are not representative of the general population; however, they give some information on the drug scene in Ukraine during the pandemic. The data used in the article were collected mainly in 2019–2020. Every actor on the drug scene had to adapt to the new reality caused by anti-pandemic measures. Drug sellers proposed “stable work” during lockdown; drug dealers dropped ordered substances closer to the customer’s place. At the same time, OST facilities implemented home-treatment, and many private facilities appeared. OST patients misused methadone and sold it on the illicit market, while drug users started to find substitutes of their main drug and notably increased drug-related deaths.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2022, 12, 1; 59-64
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The degree of disability in children with cerebral palsy and the quality of their rehabilitation and restrictions in the social life of their families
Stopień niepełnosprawności dzieci z mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym i jakość ich usprawniania a ograniczenia życia rodziny
Autorzy:
Czupryna, Krzysztof
Nowotny-Czupryna, Olga
Nowotny, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1963119.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im. Bronisława Czecha w Krakowie
Tematy:
Cerebral Palsy
restrictions
limitations
parents’ opinions
Opis:
Background: Cerebral Palsy is a complex of symptoms that lead to various degrees of limitation. The need for many years of care for such children and continuing treatment may place some families in a difficult situation and have an impact on their quality of life. It is also important to assess the quality of the treatment provided by parents and their perception of the child’s state and the resulting restrictions.Aim of work was to examine whether and to what degree limitations on the life of families of children with cerebral palsy depend on the actual state of the child, the quality of treatment and the perception of the state on the part of the parents. The spheres of family life that suffered the most were examined.Material and methods: Research included 109 families with children aged 3-18 years that were treated for cerebral palsy. A questionnaire- survey was used, in which were contained questions addressed to parents regarding the child’s state and its treatment. Restrictions on participation in social life in 6 areas of family life were evaluated by means of the LAQ-G questionnaire. The entirety of the results were statistically compiled using variant analysis with a one-way ANOVA classification (post hoc Scheffe test). An accepted level of p<0.05 was regarded as statistically significant for the whole test.Results: The treated group contained children with highly varied degrees of impairment. Opinions as to the quality of treatment were divided. The greatest limitations were noted in the sphere of social life, independence in unassisted actions and movement. From the responses, it appears that not all parents fully perceive the state and situation of their child in a realistic way.Conclusions: 1) Limitations on social life depend not only on the actual state of the child with cerebral palsy. 2) An assessment of possible limitations also depends on the parents’ perception of the child’s problems and treatment. 3) The most restricted spheres are independence in unassisted actions, interpersonal relationships and family social life.
Wstęp: Mózgowe poraŜenie dziecięce jest zespołem objawów prowadzących do różnego stopnia ograniczeń. Konieczność wieloletniej opieki nad takim dzieckiem i ciągłego usprawniania może stawiać niektóre rodziny w trudnej sytuacji i wpływać na jakość ich życia. Ważna jest też ocena rodziców odnośnie jakości usprawniania oraz sposób postrzegania przez nich stanu dziecka i wynikających z tego ograniczeń. Celem pracy było sprawdzenie czy i na ile ograniczenia w Ŝyciu rodzin dzieci z mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym zależą od rzeczywistego stanu dziecka, jakości usprawniania oraz postrzegania tego stanu przez rodziców. Sprawdzano, które sfery życia cierpią najbardziej. Materiał i metody: Badaniami objęto 109 rodzin dzieci w wieku 3-18 lat usprawnianych z powodu mózgowego poraŜenia dziecięcego. Wykorzystano kwestionariusz-ankietę w której zawarte były pytania skierowane do rodziców, dotyczące stanu dziecka i przebiegu jego usprawniania. Ograniczenia udziału w życiu społecznym oceniano kwestionariuszem LAQ-G w zakresie 6 sfer Ŝycia rodziny. Wyniki skonfrontowano ze stanem dziecka. Całość wyników opracowano statystycznie stosując analizę wariancji z klasyfikacją pojedynczą ANOVA (post hoc test Scheffe). Dla całości opracowania przyjęto poziom istotności p< 0,05. Wyniki: Badane dzieci reprezentowały zróżnicowany stopień ciężkości mózgowego poraŜenia dziecięcego. Zdania na temat jakości usprawniania były podzielone. Największe ograniczenia odnotowano w sferze życia społecznego, samoobsługi i lokomocji. Z uzyskanych odpowiedzi wynika, że nie wszyscy rodzice w pełni realnie postrzegają stan i sytuację dziecka. Wnioski: 1) Ograniczenia zależą nie tylko od rzeczywistego stanu dziecka z mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym. 2) Ocena ewentualnych ograniczeń zależy również od tego, jak usprawnianie i problemy dziecka postrzegają jego rodzice. 3) Najbardziej poszkodwanymi sferami Ŝycia rodzin dzieci z mózgowym poraŜeniem dziecięcym są samoobsługa, relacje interpersonalne i Ŝycie społeczne rodziny.
Źródło:
Medical Rehabilitation; 2012, 16(2); 22-28
1427-9622
1896-3250
Pojawia się w:
Medical Rehabilitation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Resale Price Maintenance in Poland - Further Steps to Its Liberalization or Stuck in a Status Quo?
Autorzy:
Aziewicz, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530107.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
consumer welfare
economic approach
Resale Price Maintenance
restrictions by effect
restrictions by object
vertical agreements
Opis:
Due to the recognition of their positive market effects, the evolving approach to minimum or fixed resale price maintenance (RPM) creates, in many countries, the requirement of analyzing their true economic outcomes. In the light of newest judgments delivered by the Polish Supreme Court, the purpose of this article is to analyze if it is still justified to qualify RPM as a multilateral practice that restricts competition ‘by object’ under Polish law.
L'approche évolutive à l’égard de l’imposition de prix de revente fixes, ou de prix de revente minimaux, en raison de la reconnaissance de leurs effets positifs sur le marché, constitue dans de nombreux pays une obligation d’analyser les vrais résultats économiques de cette pratique. Cet article vise à analyser si, à la lumière des plus récents jugements de la Cour suprême en Pologne, il est toujours juste de qualifier le maintien des prix de revente en vertu de la loi polonaise de la concurrence comme un accord, qui a pour son objet de restreindre le jeu de la concurrence.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2016, 9(13); 77-94
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation in universal models with restrictions
Autorzy:
Fišerová, Eva
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729752.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
universal linear model with restrictions
unbiased estimator
Opis:
In modelling a measurement experiment some singularities can occur even if the experiment is quite standard and simple. Such an experiment is described in the paper as a motivation example. It is presented in the papar how to solve these situations under special restrictions on model parameters. The estimability of model parameters is studied and unbiased estimators are given in explicit forms.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics; 2004, 24, 2; 233-253
1509-9423
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stacked regression with restrictions
Autorzy:
Górecki, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729732.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
stacked regression
regression with restrictions
mixed regression
Opis:
When we apply stacked regression to classification we need only discriminant indices which can be negative. In many situations, we want these indices to be positive, e.g., if we want to use them to count posterior probabilities, when we want to use stacked regression to combining classification. In such situation, we have to use leastsquares regression under the constraint βₖ ≥ 0, k = 1,2,...,K. In their earlier work [5], LeBlanc and Tibshirani used an algorithm given in [4]. However, in this paper we use a more general algorithm given in [6].
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics; 2005, 25, 1; 103-113
1509-9423
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Legitimacy of Area-Based Restrictions to Maintain Public Order: Giving Content to the Proportionality Principle from a European Legal Perspective
Autorzy:
Todts, Liesbeth
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/680896.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
area-based restrictions, proportionality principle, public order
Opis:
This contribution aims to provide a first exploratory analysis of the criteria that must be taken into account by national authorities when considering the proportionality of public order measures restricting the individual's fundamental right to freedom of movement, such as area-based restrictions. The content of the proportionality principle as regards area-based restrictions is not always clear, in particular at European human rights level, while it is an important condition that these restrictions be compatible with the right to freedom of movement. To that end, this article first gives a brief overview of the content of this principle at European level. In order to find some inspiration, it then compares it with the interpretation of this principle at national level, more specifically Belgium and the United Kingdom, where new forms of area-based restrictions have been introduced recently. The case law of the Belgian Council of State is an interesting case to examine since the Council applies a different proportionality test depending on the legal classification of the measure imposed. The contribution proceeds with an analysis of the proportionality principle in the UK case law, where it is a relative newcomer used instead of the traditional "Wednesbury unreasonableness" test in cases that fall under the European Convention on Human Rights.
Źródło:
Rocznik Administracji Publicznej; 2017, 3
2449-7800
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Administracji Publicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Legitimacy of Restrictions on the Functioning of Single-Member Limited Liability Companies
Autorzy:
Szulc, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1976282.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
law
single-member companies
restrictions
superficiality
functioning
Opis:
The article discusses a vital problem of the legal restrictions imposed on single-member limited liability companies under the provisions in force. In the first part of the text, the author explores the binding regulations applicable to single-member companies and arranges them in a way that it is possible to classify them within the legal framework. In the second part, the author deals with the legitimacy of existence of the said restrictions on the functioning of single-member companies, analyses the superficiality of application of particular solutions, and defines the most significant directions of changes necessary to abolish the restrictions imposed on single-member limited liability companies.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2018, 10, 4; 275-284
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emotional and habitual overeating and dietary restrictions in the eating habits of girls and boys
Autorzy:
Janota, B.
Czapla, M.
Wlazlo, M.
Szczepanska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087282.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
Tematy:
eating habits
eating disorders
dietary restrictions
adolescents
Opis:
Background. Eating habits are mainly shaped at the first stages of human life. Incorrect eating habits in young individuals may in the future lead to eating disorders and predispose to abnormal body weight. Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate eating habits among adolescents and verify whether there are any differences in eating habits between girls and boys. Material and methods. The study was conducted among 337 post-primary school students, including 126 girls and 211 boys. A standardised questionnaire "My eating habits" was used as a research tool. Results. Secret snacking was slightly more common among girls (27.78%) than boys (24.17%). It was also girls who mostly admitted that other people comment on their diet, as indicated by 33.33% of girls and 18.96% of boys. Girls are also more likely to be dissatisfied with their body weight (41.27% vs. 27.49%) and to occasionally avoid eating despite feeling hungry (42.06% vs. 27.01%) compared to boys. Conclusions. The eating habits of young people are mostly varied. There are differences in the dietary habits of girls and boys; girls are more likely than boys to overeat under the influence of emotions and to apply dietary restrictions to themselves. In order to promote healthy eating habits and support the mental well-being of young people, it is recommended to provide nutritional education and to implement psychological support for those in need.
Źródło:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 2020, 71, 4; 405-411
0035-7715
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Responding to Omicron: Speaker Commitment and Legitimisation in COVID-related Press Conferences
Autorzy:
Szczyrbak, Magdalena
Tereszkiewicz, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52915854.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
legitimisation
speaker commitment
stance
press conference
COVID restrictions
Opis:
This paper examines the ways in which New Zealand and Polish government officials communicated the easing of COVID restrictions to the general public. The study aimed to identify legitimising strategies used to justify the lifting of restrictions and related measures, and to establish how agency and responsibility were discursively constructed in the subgenre of political press conference in two different socio-political settings. Informed by the notions of legitimisation (Chilton 2004), speaker commitment and stance (Marín Arrese 2011, 2015, 2021), the research looked into the linguistic marking of effective stance (deonticity, assessments, attitudinals and directives) and epistemic stance (epistemic modality, truth-factual validity as well as experiential, cognitive and communicative stance), considering both the subjectivity/intersubjectivity dimension and the explicitness/implicitness of the speaker’s role. In addition, the study considered the key discursive strategies used to (de)construct agency in the discourses of NZ and Polish policymakers seen as proponents of divergent public health policies. As the findings indicate, the Polish officials conveyed chiefly experiential stance and projected less involvement, whereas the NZ Prime Minister favoured cognitive stance and deonticity as well as direct appeals to the audience. The analysis shows that the speaker’s (dis)identification with the respective policy finds reflection in the varying degrees of speaker commitment and the (de)construction of agency.
Źródło:
Studies in Polish Linguistics; 2023, 18, 1; 25-54
1732-8160
2300-5920
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Polish Linguistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Attempts to protect the internal market for road transport in specific European Union countries
Autorzy:
Lewandowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135178.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
liberalisation
protectionism
minimum wage
European Union regulations
restrictions
limitations
Opis:
The seven-year period to adapt internal law to EU regulations was given to new Member States on 1 May 2004 and ended in 2011. The highly-developed western states, fearing that their internal markets in fields such as transport services may be threatened, adopted a number of new regulations. Regulation (EC) No. 1072/2009 of the European Parliament is on common rules for access to the international road-haulage market, and despite introducing numerous restrictions, was to regulate cabotage operations in all Member States. However, the protection of each State’s own interests proved more important than the integrity of the Community and therefore some of the states, including Germany, have introduced severe limitations for foreign carriers, forcing them to observe the Minimum Wage Act (MiLoG).
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 47 (119); 141-146
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
State Management in Times of Crisis: Perception of the Governments Policy of Counteracting the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland
Autorzy:
Szostak, Maciej
Olszanecka-Marmola, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106286.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Tematy:
state management
governance
COVID-19 policy
COVID-19 restrictions
Opis:
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought entirely new challenges to state crisis management. Until then, none of the governments had faced the need to stop almost all social and economic life. The fight against the pandemic required the introduction of numerous restrictions limiting mobility and interpersonal contacts. Initially, people did not widely deny their necessity, but over time parts of society protested increasingly against further restrictions. In this article, we check whether party preferences and socio-demographic features influenced the assessment of the Polish government's actions to counter the pandemic's spread. For this purpose, we develop a 10-item anti-COVID-19 activity (ACA) scale consisting of a general assessment of COVID-19 counteracting activity and evaluation of its various dimensions (e.g., online education, health care system, vaccination system and help for entrepreneurs). The research confirms a significant difference in how government activities are perceived in relation to political preferences and gender. The study participants negatively assessed the anti-COVID policy. Furthermore, men and voters of the Confederation turned out to be particularly unfavorable to the government's actions.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2022, 30, 1; 19-34
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Separating aggregate discouraged and added worker effects: the case of a former transition country
Autorzy:
Congregado, Emilio
Gałecka-Burdziak, Ewa
Golpe, Antonio A.
Pater, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19233709.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
discouraged worker effect
added worker effect
vector autoregression
sign restrictions
Opis:
Research background: We analyse the added worker effect (AWE) and the discouraged worker effect (DWE) from an aggregate perspective. The first effect refers to an increase in labour force participation in response to a decrease in the wage rate. The second effect refers to the decision by workers who have been unsuccessful in their job search to leave the labour market or to decrease their labour force participation. For our analysis, we use the case of Poland, a country with a persistently low labour force participation rate. Purpose of the article: While previous studies focused on the net of the two effects, we aim to analyse the two effects both separately and simultaneously. We propose a new approach for analysing the two effects. We generalise and model them as resulting from different shocks: (i) the AWE as the result of a negative wage income shock, and (ii) the DWE as the result of a positive job search time shock. The underlying assumption is that both shocks have at least a transitory effect on the labour force participation rate. However, we also track the potential long-lasting effects of these shocks, and we analyse the reactions of gender and age groups to them. While this approach demonstrates the robustness of our results, it also provides the range of the sensitivity, as it shows that there are large differences in the magnitude of the AWE and the DWE for different labour market cohorts. Methods: We use the multivariate unobserved component model to extract the AWE and the DWE, and we then use VAR models, applying sign and exclusion restrictions to model the underlying shocks. We use quarterly data for Poland in 1995-2019. Most of these data come from the Labour Force Survey, while the rest come from Statistics Poland. Findings & value added: In contrast to previous literature, which analysed only the net effect of the two effects, we model the AWE and the DWE separately. Contrary to the findings of previous research, our approach seems to confirm that both effects are simultaneously present in the labour market, and both effects influence the labour force participation rate. Thus, we find that both effects are significant. Specifically, we show that the AWE is stronger, but transitory; while the DWE is weaker, but long-lasting.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2021, 12, 3; 729-760
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Proportionality of restrictions of ownership by act 140/2014 about the acquisition of ownership of agricultural land and about amendment
Autorzy:
Ďurana, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2156982.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
proportionality
restrictions of ownership
ownership
acquisition of ownership
agricultural land
Opis:
The article is about the necessity of restriction of disposal of ownership right in the view of the principal of proportionality.
Źródło:
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne; 2014, 1(13); 153-158
1898-0171
Pojawia się w:
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Raise Your Voice!? German Artists’ Protest Campaign #allesdichtmachen and the Question of Freedom of Expression During the Pandemic
Autorzy:
Braun, Micha
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2186097.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-02
Wydawca:
Instytut im. Jerzego Grotowskiego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
Freedom of Expression
Pandemic Restrictions
Social Media
New Censorship Theory
Opis:
Both the Covid-19 pandemic as well as the political and social discussions it forced upon liberal Western democracies on limitations of fundamental rights provide me with the framework for this paper’s topic. I will address it through the question of how German artists – in this case mostly TV actors – with the social Media campaign #allesdichtmachen drew attention to their situation in times of widespread lockdown and contact restrictions in spring 2021. The question will be whether the constraints of free expression felt by these artists, or the public reactions to their voicing a sense of being unheard, can be captured by the vocabulary of censorship in the narrower or broader sense.
Źródło:
Didaskalia. Gazeta Teatralna; 2023, 173; 27-45
2720-0043
Pojawia się w:
Didaskalia. Gazeta Teatralna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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