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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Diversity of economic and social development of rural areas of the Konecki Poviat
    Autorzy:
    Kiniorska, I.
    Wronska, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/60653.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
    Tematy:
    diversity
    economic development
    social development
    rural area
    Swietokrzyskie voivodship
    birth rate
    migration
    unemployment
    business
    population
    private business
    Opis:
    This study outlines the diversification of social and economic development in selected municipalities of Konecki Poviat of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. It is based on statistical data contained in available statistical sources published by the Polish Central Statistical Office (GUS). Social and economic development has been assessed in connection with characteristics of population and economy. The period of transformation triggered numerous phenomena facilitating development of rural areas; however, it also introduced negative social and economic processes. The analysis emphasized the existence of numerous alarming demographic and social phenomena, which are the strongest on the outskirts of the Konecki Poviat. The population has dropped, partially due to declining birth rate. Moreover, in the analyzed period of time the outflow of population has decreased, presumably due to slumping urban labour market. Furthermore, in the area of this study ageing of population has been discovered as a result of decreased fertility and longer life expectancy. Social and economic transformations have considerable impact on changes in the labour market. With decreased industrial employment, the rate of unemployment has risen. Within all unemployed the most numerous group is composed of people at the age of 25-34. Unfavourable unemployment structure is preserved due to educational barriers for the population of rural areas. The second serious problem is inability to pull oneself together in the new reality. In order to overcome this negative phenomenon it is vital to find new ways of stimulating activity of the population. In the late few years the number of registered private business entities increased with the greatest group in trade and repairs. This is connected with relatively low costs of establishing such businesses. It should be noted that the development of the Konecki Poviat is diversified. Far better parameters related to description of demographic, social and economic phenomena are recorded in rural areas near towns than in municipalities located on the outskirts of the Poviat.
    Źródło:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2008, 06
    1732-5587
    Pojawia się w:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    It is better to Remain Small and Invisible. Informal Barriers to the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises in Belarus. Part II
    Autorzy:
    Papko, Aliaksandr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/943638.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    sociology
    small business
    economic system
    private sector
    Opis:
    This paper is focused on informal relations between state authorities and business, which exist in a peculiar Belarusian economic system, where the competition remains restricted, and the public sector based on large companies continues to play a crucial role. The author argues that the Belarusian public authorities have developed a broad set of informal rules which allow them to extract resources from small and medium private enterprises (SMEs) and control the expansion of the private sector. He also argues that as long as informal extractive institutions designed and maintained by the state remain in place, the improvement of formal business regulations alone will not produce the expansion of the SME sector. In authors opinion, an extra-legal extraction of funds and informal discrimination against small and medium private enterprises are embedded in the logic of the centrally planned economy, which Belarus has preserved after the fall of the Soviet Union. This paper may also help to understand how SMEs operate in many other economies of the post-Soviet area and what obstacles to the development they face.
    Źródło:
    Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology; 2017, 8, 16; 109-135
    2081-9633
    Pojawia się w:
    Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Legislative framework of the private security sector in the Republic of Serbia
    Autorzy:
    Štrbac, Katarina
    Blagojevic, Veljko
    Milosavljević, Branislav
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1832125.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    private security
    law
    protection of persons
    property
    business
    Opis:
    The legislative framework for the protection of persons and property in the Republic of Serbia has evolved with time and has always been determined by the character of societal and economic relations in society. Hence, historically speaking, there have been periods when the system of protection of persons and property remained unregulated; what’s more, some of the existing forms of protection were scrapped and hence, from the legal standpoint, all companies remained unprotected. It is interesting to note that the first private companies in Serbia were engaged in activities that would today be branded as consulting services.
    Źródło:
    Security Dimensions; 2015, 13(13); 63-75
    2353-7000
    Pojawia się w:
    Security Dimensions
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Opportunities For Funding Innovation
    Autorzy:
    Lewandowska, Lucyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/632670.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-12-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    innovations
    leasing
    venture capital
    private equity
    business angels
    NewConnect market
    Opis:
    This article is based on the view that firms’ competitiveness lies in their ability to innovate. It points out the incentives that make firms more innovative and the outcomes of implemented innovations. The main focus is given to the sources of innovation funding, in particular leasing, venture capital, private equity, business angels and the NewConnect market, and describes the possibilities of using them. The article stresses that firms seeking capital to grow through innovation can use a wide range of financing options as long as their projects are underpinned by solid documentation, have a specified time horizon, and are attractive for investdors.
    Źródło:
    Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2013, 16, 4; 57-78
    1508-2008
    2082-6737
    Pojawia się w:
    Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    To what extent private military corporations have international legal personality?
    Autorzy:
    Kowalczewska, Kaja
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1879420.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    international legal personality
    private military corporations
    multinational enterprises
    human rights & business
    Opis:
    The ongoing growth of multinational enterprises puts the traditional perception of subjects of international law into question. Setting the private miliatry contractors industry for a background, the article presents the current state of law, with a special focus on the possibility to confer international legal capacity and legal capacity to act on legal entities of domestic law. The analysis is based on the abundant framework of nonbinding regulations targeting multinational enterprises coupled with the emerging need to make international corporate responsibility more effective.
    Źródło:
    Security Dimensions; 2013, 10(10); 95-103
    2353-7000
    Pojawia się w:
    Security Dimensions
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Policy versus Philanthropy: Between Public and Private Funding of the Arts
    Autorzy:
    Lewandowska, Kamila
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1194641.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    arts and business
    private funding of the arts
    philanthropy
    cultural policy
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper is to analyse the relations between arts and business in the international context. It centres on two topics: firstly, the impact of the public arts funding systems on private support and, secondly, the current transitions in the relationship between arts and business that lead to the development of new forms of cooperation. The first part of the article compares systems of arts funding in different countries, mostly in Europe and the USA. The second part focuses on the definition of ‘partnership’, that is, the new paradigm in arts and business relations and describes its manifestations in real life.
    Źródło:
    Edukacja Ekonomistów i Menedżerów; 2018, 50, 4; 97-111
    1734-087X
    Pojawia się w:
    Edukacja Ekonomistów i Menedżerów
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Morphological and Functional Contexts of Higher Education Management Democratization
    Autorzy:
    Mykhailichenko, Mykola
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/469840.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-03-01
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Gospodarki Euroregionalnej im. Alcide De Gasperi w Józefowie
    Tematy:
    power
    management
    model
    civil society
    business
    organizational interaction
    public-private partnership
    morphology
    functionality
    Opis:
    The necessity of deep democratization of state influence on the system of social education has been analyzed. The reasons for contradictions between the development needs of the new educational system and the existing administrative practice have been revealed. The paper indicates the need for state structural and functional compliance, the education system and its partners on the part of civil society and the market. Purpose: Our task is to identify the role of agents of the external and internal educational environment, which are participants in the decentralization of state influence on the education system. The author focuses on the peculiarities of students as the main client, payer and consumer of education services. Organizational interaction is fully executed only if there is a constant feedback in the management of the education system, which can be provided by civil society and its government bodies involved in the management of the education system. Methods: To characterize the main provisions we take into account the interdisciplinary approach and the general scientific principles of objectivity and systematicity as well as logical-semantic, systemic and prognostic approaches in studying and generalizing the problem. Results. The study reveals contradictions between the needs for developing a new education system and existing administrative practices. Democratization is seen as a mechanism to weaken the state's influence on the development of university autonomy.
    Źródło:
    Intercultural Communication; 2018, 4, 1; 147-156
    2451-0998
    Pojawia się w:
    Intercultural Communication
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Blasts from the Preclassical Past: Why Contemporary Economics Education Should Listen to Preclassical Thought
    Autorzy:
    Michaud, Thomas A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507484.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-30
    Wydawca:
    International Étienne Gilson Society
    Tematy:
    economics
    millennials
    economics education
    business ethics
    private property
    just price
    Michael Novak
    preclassical economics
    business corporation
    entrepreneurship
    wealth creation
    Opis:
    Contemporary economics is dominated by logical positivism, a methodology that emphasizes empirical validation of theories but excludes normative evaluation. Preclassical economics was premised on normative analysis. With the growing socialist movement in the USA, especially among the millennials, who are fixated on moral issues of justice and equality, positive economics is alienated from addressing the normative challenges of socialism. There are, however, basic normative principles from Preclassical thought which can be used to contest socialist moral claims, particularly in economics education.
    Źródło:
    Studia Gilsoniana; 2019, 8, 4; 839-855
    2300-0066
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Gilsoniana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Perception of Intergenerational Time Frame by Owners of Small Enterprises in Silesian Voivodeship - Survey Results
    Postrzeganie perspektywy międzypokoleniowej przez właścicieli małych przedsiębiorstw w województwie śląskim - wyniki badań
    Autorzy:
    Foltyn-Zarychta, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/964118.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
    Tematy:
    Małe i średnie przedsiębiorstwa
    Pokolenia
    Przedsiębiorstwo
    Własność prywatna
    Enterprises
    Generation
    Private property
    Small business
    Opis:
    Celem artykułu jest analiza postrzegania perspektywy międzypokoleniowej w małych przedsiębiorstwach w odniesieniu do decyzji ekonomicznych oraz subiektywnego stosunku właścicieli. Przedstawione zostały wybrane rezultaty ankiety przeprowadzonej wśród śląskich małych przedsiębiorstw, co pozwoliło na określenie perspektywy międzypokoleniowej oraz motywu dziedziczenia jako dość istotnych w opinii właścicieli małych przedsiębiorstw. Ponadto zauważyć należy, że właściciele postrzegają długą perspektywę jako czynnik pozytywnie wpływający na wartość ich przedsiębiorstwa.
    Źródło:
    Studia Ekonomiczne; 2013, 155; 375-388
    2083-8611
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Ekonomiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Open Pension Funds market after reform of 2014 – the global perspective
    Autorzy:
    Jakubowski, Sebastian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529822.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
    Tematy:
    social security
    public pensions
    retirement plans
    private pensions
    business and securities law non-bank financial institutions financial instruments
    institutional investors
    Opis:
    The beginning of the second millennium coincided with major pension reforms in many countries. This global movement also included Poland where a pension market was created in 1999. The first 15 years were a period of expansion of Open Pension Funds market in Poland. This changed with the Reform of 2014, which brought new standards applicable to OFE investment policy. Half of the assets were transferred to Social Insurance Institution (ZUS) and legal investment limits for Open Pension Funds undergone a major changes. Evolution of investment policy of Open Pension Funds during last fifteen years is analyzed with special emphasis on the global perspective.
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2015, 2; 105-126
    2353-9119
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Inspections in Private Premises Under Slovak Competition Law: Did the Implementation of the ECN+ Directive Miss the Point?
    Autorzy:
    Patakyová, Mária T.
    Patakyová, Mária
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20679092.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-11-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    ECN+ Directive 2019/1
    inspections
    private premises
    non-business premises
    Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic
    Act No. 187/2021 Coll
    Opis:
    We face the era when tech giants are getting ever more powerful, when there are subtle ways of collusion via algorithms, and when home offices are the new normal. One would expect competition authorities to have suitable tools to investigate any infringement of competition law even under these difficult conditions. Inspections are arguably the most powerful investigatory tool within the realm of the powers of competition authorities. Although inspections are very often conducted in business premises, there might be a need to search private premises too. Regulation 1/2003 has recognised this need for almost two decades. The ECN+ Directive expects national competition law to provide their competition authorities with the power to inspect non-business premises. How was this provision transposed into the Slovak legal order? What obstacles would the Slovak Antimonopoly Office (Slovak NCA) face if it wanted to conduct an inspection on private premises? These are the questions asked in this article. The article finds that, although the legislation itself seems in compliance with the ECN+ Directive, any attempt to conduct an inspection on private premises would be difficult. Particularly, we look into shortcomings related to the institution of the guardian who should be present during an inspection; and we present solutions de lege ferenda.
    Nous sommes à une époque où les géants de la technologie sont de plus en plus puissants, où il existe des moyens subtils de parvenir à une collusion par le biais d‘algorithmes, et où le travail à domicile est une nouvelle normalité. On devrait s’attendre à ce que les autorités de la concurrence disposent d’outils appropriés pour enquêter sur toute violation au droit de la concurrence, même dans ces conditions difficiles. Les inspections sont sans doute l’outil d’enquête le plus puissant dont disposent les autorités de la concurrence. Bien qu’elles soient très souvent effectuées dans des locaux professionnels, il peut également être nécessaire de fouiller des locaux privés. Le règlement 1/2003 reconnaît cette nécessité depuis près de vingt ans. La directive ECN+ prévoit que les législations nationales en matière de concurrence confèrent à leurs autorités de concurrence le pouvoir d’inspecter des locaux non professionnels. Comment cela a-t-il été mis en œuvre dans l’ordre juridique slovaque? À quels obstacles l’autorité slovaque de la concurrence seraitelle confrontée si elle souhaitait effectuer une inspection dans des locaux privés? Telles sont les questions posées par cet article. Celui-ci constate que, bien que la législation elle-même semble conforme à la directive ECN+, toute tentative d’inspection dans des locaux privés serait difficile. En particulier, nous examinons les insuffisances liées au gardien qui devrait être présent lors de l‘inspection; et nous présentons les solutions de lege ferenda.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2023, 16, 27; 57-81
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The role of property law in creating the basis of the market economy after 1989 (regarding the historical context)
    Autorzy:
    Mróz, Teresa
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2125570.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    property law
    state system and private property
    privatization
    economic freedom
    economic activity
    market economy
    legal forms of running a business
    commercial companies
    Opis:
    Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the role of property law in the period of systemic transformation of the state and economy, which is the period of the transition from command-and-distribution economy to market economy. Research method – Analysis of the sources of law, views of representatives of science of law and views of judicature. Results – It can be considered that this was a unique process in the history of the Polish political system and in the history of the Polish economy. Property law became the basis for the functioning of legal institutions specific to the market economy, such as for example, commercial companies.
    Źródło:
    Optimum. Economic Studies; 2019, 4(98); 134-147
    1506-7637
    Pojawia się w:
    Optimum. Economic Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The EU 2018 Draft Directive on UTPs in B2b Food Supply Chains and the Polish 2016 Act on Combating the Unfair Use of Superior Bargaining Power in the Trade in Agricultural and Food Products
    Autorzy:
    Piszcz, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530328.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-08-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    superior bargaining power
    unfair use of superior bargaining power
    trade in agricultural and food products
    agricultural and food sector
    public enforcement
    private enforcement
    enforcement authority
    national competition authority
    unfair trading practices
    UTPs
    business-to-business relationships
    food supply chain
    B2b food supply chain
    small and medium-sized entrepreneurs
    small and medium-sized enterprises
    SMEs
    suppliers
    producers
    producer organisations
    associations of producer organisations
    non-SMEs
    buyers
    ‘one-sided’ protection
    Opis:
    The Polish Act on Counteracting the Unfair Use of Superior Bargaining Power in the Trade in Agricultural and Food Products was adopted on 15 December 2016 and entered into force on 12 July 2017. The new legal framework resembles, in some places, the legal rules contained in the 2007 Act on Competition and Consumer Protection, elsewhere resembles the 1993 Act on Combating Unfair Competition. Therefore, the article reviews the new Polish provisions taking into account the previous system including the prohibition of the abuse of a dominant position and the prohibition of unfair competition. This publication is intended to point out the peculiarities that characterize the new provisions. Readers will find here an assessment of recent Polish developments and suggestions for further development of the Polish legal framework in the EU context. In particular, the review critically analyses some solutions of the 2018 EU draft Directive on unfair trading practices in business-to-business relationships in the food supply chain and shows what amendments to the Polish legal framework will be needed, if the Directive is adopted in the current version.
    La loi polonaise sur la lutte contre l’utilisation déloyale du pouvoir de négociation supérieure dans le commerce des produits agricoles et alimentaires a été adoptée le 15 décembre 2016 et est entrée en vigueur le 12 juillet 2017. Le nouveau cadre juridique ressemble, à certains endroits, aux règles juridiques contenues dans la loi de 2007 sur la concurrence et la protection des consommateurs, qui ressemble d’ailleurs à la loi de 1993 sur la lutte contre la concurrence déloyale. Par conséquent, l’article examine les nouvelles dispositions polonaises en tenant compte du système précédent, notamment l’interdiction de l’abus de position dominante et l’interdiction de la concurrence déloyale. Cette publication est censée mettre en évidence les particularités qui caractérisent les nouvelles dispositions. Les lecteurs trouveront ici une évaluation des développements récents en Pologne et des suggestions pour le développement du cadre juridique polonais dans le contexte de l’UE. En particulier l’article analyse de manière critique certaines solutions du projet de directive de l’UE de 2018 sur les pratiques commerciales déloyales dans les relations interentreprises au sein de la chaîne d’approvisionnement alimentaire et indique quelles modifications dans le cadre juridique polonais seront nécessaires si la directive soit adoptée dans la version actuelle.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2018, 11(17); 143-167
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Strategies for Developing On-Line Business Models in Retail Banking
    Strategie rozwoju modeli biznesowych on-line w bankowości detalicznej
    Autorzy:
    Kotarba, Marcin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185142.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-07-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    on-line banking
    digitalization
    e-government
    on-line strategies
    banking
    channels
    self-service
    on-line functionality
    business models
    strategy development
    public-
    private partnerships
    service platforms
    on-line integration
    on-line security
    bankowość on-line
    digitalizacja
    e-administracja (e-government)
    funkcjonalności
    on-line
    modele biznesowe
    rozwój strategii
    partnerstwo publiczno-prawne
    platformy usługowe
    integracja on-line
    bezpieczeństwo on-line
    Opis:
    The purpose of the article is to present the current state of development of on-line services in retail banking and to discuss their future development. It covers a high level analysis of functional morphology of on-line banking in view of historical banking channel development. The final study provides a view on key strategies that can be used in the future to foster further development of on-line business models. The strategies are divided into organic growth, partnerships/intermediation and accelerated growth. Concluding remarks point out the leading role of banks in the digitalization of economic systems and support for e-government. They also emphasize the potential for further development of on-line banking towards universal service platforms which provide a secure environment for execution of auditable business transactions between known parties.
    Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie obecnego stanu rozwoju usług on-line w bankowości detalicznej oraz dyskusja ich dalszego rozwoju. Artykuł obejmuje ogólną analizę morfologii funkcjonalnej bankowości on-line w kontekście historycznego rozwoju kanałów w bankowości. Strategie podzielone są na wzrost organiczny, partnerstwo/pośrednictwo oraz przyśpieszony wzrost. W zakończeniu jest wskazana wiodąca rola banków w digitalizacji systemu ekonomicznego oraz wsparcia usług e-administracji (e-government). Podkreślono również potencjał do dalszego rozwoju bankowości on-line w kierunku uniwersalnych platform usługowych, które zapewniają bezpieczne środowisko do realizowania audytowalnych transakcji biznesowych pomiędzy znanymi stronami.
    Źródło:
    Studia i Materiały; 2018, 1(27) cz. 2; 90-104
    1733-9758
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia i Materiały
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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