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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    The Principle of Proportionality in European Union Law as a Prerequisite for Penalization
    Autorzy:
    Długosz, Joanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/685031.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    European criminal law
    principle if proportionality in the EU
    penalization
    Opis:
    The paper analysis the principle of proportionality, which is widely applied in the EU legal order and is therefore one of the fundamental principles of the system of the European Union. It is one of the legal principles that govern decision-making processes and common strategic objectives, and which are applicable when establishing European Union legislation and transposing it into national law, including in the area of criminal law, although the current analyses do not often focus on discussing this aspect. Due to its complexity and significance for the processes of establishing and applying the law, the principle of proportionality requires detailed and separate discussion, especially in the context of European criminal law.
    Źródło:
    Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2017, 7; 283-300
    2450-0976
    Pojawia się w:
    Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Shape optimization for stationary Navier-Stokes equations
    Autorzy:
    Halanay, A.
    Tiba, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/970751.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
    Tematy:
    optimal design
    optimal control method
    fluid mechanics
    penalization
    gradient method
    Opis:
    This work discusses geometric optimization problems governed by stationary Navier-Stokes equations. Optimal domains are proved to exist under the assumption that the family of admissible domains is bounded and satisfies the Lipschitz condition with a uniform constant, and in the absence of the uniqueness property for the state system. Through the parametrization of the admissible shapes by continuous functions defined on a larger universal domain, the optimization parameter becomes a control, i.e. an element of that family of continuous functions. The approximating extension technique via the penalization of the Navier-Stokes equation enables the approximation of the associated shape optimization problem by an optimal control problem. Results on existence and uniqueness are proved for the approximating problem and a gradient-type algorithm is indicated.
    Źródło:
    Control and Cybernetics; 2009, 38, 4B; 1359-1374
    0324-8569
    Pojawia się w:
    Control and Cybernetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sexual intercourse among relatives and criminal law. Penalization of incest
    Autorzy:
    Banasik, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917342.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    incest
    sexual intercourse
    moral relativism
    decency
    eugenic reasons
    penalization of incest
    Opis:
    Introduction: Under Polish law there is a criminal offence, called incest, where close relatives perform an act of sexual intercourse with each other. Its penalization has a long tradition under Polish law. However, its criminalization remains controversial.Purpose: To examine whether incest should still be penalized.Materials and methods: The provisions of the Polish Penal Code and the relevant regulations of selected European states have been analysed. The judgement of the European Court for Human Rights and the criminal law literature have been examined as well.Results: There are both reasons for the depenalization of incest and arguments in favour of its continued penalization.Conclusions: The issue of incest may be seen both in the light of criminal law and from the point of view of morality. Looking at the problem solely from a legal perspective, the penalization of incest is not necessary and thus Article 201 of the Penal Code is redundant. Looking at the problem from a moral perspective, the opposite conclusion should be made.
    Źródło:
    Progress in Health Sciences; 2015, 5, 1; 246-251
    2083-1617
    Pojawia się w:
    Progress in Health Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the implicit programming approach in a class of mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints
    Autorzy:
    Outrata, J. V.
    Cervinka, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/970748.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
    Tematy:
    mathematical problem with equilibrium constraint
    state constraints
    implicit programming
    calmness
    exact penalization
    Opis:
    In the paper we analyze the influence of implicit programming hypothesis and presence of state constraints on first order optimality conditions to mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints. In the absence of state constraints, we derive sharp stationarity conditions, provided the strong regularity condition holds. In the second part of the paper we suggest an exact penalization of state constraints and test the behavior of standard bundle trust region algorithm on academic examples.
    Źródło:
    Control and Cybernetics; 2009, 38, 4B; 1557-1574
    0324-8569
    Pojawia się w:
    Control and Cybernetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Exact penalization of pointwise constraints for optimal control problems
    Autorzy:
    Casas, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/970884.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
    Tematy:
    optimal control
    semilinear elliptic equations
    pointwise state constraints
    exact penalization
    first and second order optimality conditions
    Opis:
    In this paper we consider a control problem governed by a semilinear elliptic equation with pointwise control and state constraints. We analyze the existence of an exact penalization of the state constraints. In particular, we prove that the first and second order optimality conditions imply the existence of such a penalization. Finally, we prove some extra regularity of the strict local minima of the control problem, assuming the existence of an exact penalization for them.
    Źródło:
    Control and Cybernetics; 2009, 38, 4A; 1131-1150
    0324-8569
    Pojawia się w:
    Control and Cybernetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Female genital mutilation in light of Polish criminal law
    Autorzy:
    Banasik, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917634.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    female genital mutilation
    female circumcision
    infibulation
    penalization of female genital mutilation
    grievous bodily harm
    Violence against women
    Opis:
    Introduction: Female genital mutilation is a practice that causes devastating physical, psychological, and social consequences for girls and women. Female genital mutilation is internationally recognized as a violation of the human rights of girls and women.Purpose:To examine whether women are appropriately protected against female genital mutilation under Polish criminal law, in particular, whether a special criminal offence should be created.Materials and methods:The international legal acts, reports and other online available data related to female genital mutilation have been examined. The provisions of the Polish Penal Code and the relevant regulations of English criminal law have been analysed. Moreover, judgements of the Polish courts and the literature have also been the subject of research.Results:In Poland, there is no special legislation on female genital mutilation. However, female genital mutilation is punishable under general criminal law provisions. Female genital mutilation is a criminal offence and can be prosecuted as a form of grievous bodily injury or as a form of bodily injury and impairment to health.Conclusions:Alegislative action is needed to ensure that acts of female genital cutting are criminalized irrespective of the place of their commission. The Polish criminal lawmaker should make female genital mutilation exempt from the condition of double criminalization.
    Źródło:
    Progress in Health Sciences; 2015, 5, 2; 216-228
    2083-1617
    Pojawia się w:
    Progress in Health Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Male circumcision under Polish criminal law
    Autorzy:
    Banasik, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917815.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    male circumcision
    removal of foreskin
    penalization of Jewish infant circumcision
    criminal offence consisting of bodily injury
    mistake of law
    circumstance excluding unlawfulness
    Opis:
    Introduction: Male circumcision is not widely discussed in Poland. This article is the first paper on circumcision in the light of Polish criminal law and anticipates a problem that can happen in the practice of the Polish criminal justice system in the next years. The author has discussed selected issues concerning male circumcision. The subject of deliberations has been circumcision of Jewish infants, taking place on the Polish territory. Purpose: To examine whether circumcision of infants is prohibited in Polish criminal law and whether a person carrying out neonatal circumcision for religious reason is punishable for a criminal offence. Materials and methods: The English- and German-language literature and other online available data relating to male circumcision have been examined. The provisions of the Polish Penal Code and other legal acts have been analysed. Moreover, judgements of the Polish courts and the Polish criminal law literature have also been the subject of research. Results: In Poland, there is no special legislation on male circumcision, in particular, there is no special criminal offence of circumcision. However, a person performing infant circumcision completes the elements of criminal offence consisting of causing bodily injury. Conclusions: In Polish criminal law, the customary justification of circumcision excludes the unlawfulness of the conduct of the person (called mohel) carrying out Jewish infant circumcision for religious reason. In the case of Jewish neonatal circumcision, we deal with so-called secondary legality of the committed act. In the final assessment in the aspect of criminal law, the conduct of a mohel is not unlawful and thus is not punishable as a criminal offence.
    Źródło:
    Progress in Health Sciences; 2016, 6(1); 201-208
    2083-1617
    Pojawia się w:
    Progress in Health Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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