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Wyszukujesz frazę "organic soils" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Classification of organic soils for engineering geology
Autorzy:
Myślińska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059633.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
organic soils
peat
gyttja
organic matter
Opis:
This paper reviews the classifications of organic soils as applied in different countries, with particular attention drawn to those based on international and European norms. These norms propose the distinction of four groups of organic soils: peats (fibrous, pseudo-fibrous, and amorphous), gyttja and humic soils, which may be further divided into sub-groups. Organic soils are included within poor soils, because of their considerable susceptibility in relation to water, which causes their high compressibility, low strength and high shrinkage. Existing regional and international norms and plans appear not to characterise these soils sufficiently. The classification proposed in this paper will allow determination of the relationships between particular engineering geological parameters, which, to a large degree, will help planning of such objects as embankments or melioration structures. This is, however, possible only within particular genetic types. Organic soils developed in different conditions differ not only in organic matter content, but also in their chemical and physico-chemical character (i.e. degree of carbonisation, relation of humic acids to fulvic acids, bitumen content, degree of coagulation and decomposition of organicmatter). The evaluation of organic soils requires firstly the determination of their origin, and then each genetic group should be subdivided based on the content of organic matter. The relationships between the physical, physico-chemical and mechanical properties should be then determined within these groups.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2003, 47, 1; 39-42
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geotechnical parameters in description of soft soils consolidation
Autorzy:
Gabryś, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/115649.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Fundacja na Rzecz Młodych Naukowców
Tematy:
organic soils
geotechnical parameters
consolidation
deformation process
Opis:
The construction of embankments on organic soils is associated with necessary to improve subsoil conditions. Soft organic soils are often highly compressible and have low shear strengths, what causes large deformation, both vertically as well as horizontally, that may occur during and after the construction period [11]. The settlements usually appear quickly but can also continue for a very long time because of the secondary compression [6]. However, in Poland there are large areas with soft organic soils where diff erent kinds of embankments have to be constructed. In these cases, the prediction of soil behavior and the selection of a proper design method becomes an important and complex engineering task. In this paper the analysis of the soft subsoil deformation process under load is presented. The main factors that determine the consolidation of soft subsoil are described, as well as the proposition of changes in organic soils properties for better prediction of the construction’s settlements. Based on fi eld observations and laboratory test results, the characterization of organic soft soils and the results the calculation procedure are proposed.
Źródło:
Challenges of Modern Technology; 2010, 1, 1; 61-64
2082-2863
2353-4419
Pojawia się w:
Challenges of Modern Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Content of Selected Macro- and Microelements in Surface Formations of Organic Soils in NE Poland
Autorzy:
Orzechowski, Mirosław
Smólczyński, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2088171.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
macro- and microelements
organic soils
mursh
siltation
Opis:
The research was carried out in the morainic areas and in river valleys in NE Poland, where seven sites located in the macroregion of Masurian Lakeland were selected. Thirteen soil profiles representing the following organic soils were studied: earth-covered murshic soils (OMnm), murshic peat soils (OTmu), hemic murshic soils (OMhe) and sapric murshic soils (OMsa). The aim of the research was to investigate the content of selected macro- and microelements in surface formations of organic soils and to determine the influence of sedimentation processes on their spatial distribution. In terms of quantity, the analyzed macro- and microelements can be arranged as follows: Ca > Al > Fe > K > Mg > Na > P > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cr > Ni > Cu > Co. Organic soils situated in the depressions had various degrees of silting with mineral sediments from the nearby areas. Along with erosive waters, deluvial material rich in minerals was flowing along the morainic slopes. Therefore, mineral-organic formations (AO) located in the ecotone zone between mineral and organic soils had the highest content of total Mg – 4.85 g kg-1, K – 5.94 g kg-1, Al – 24.87 g kg-1, Fe – 17.77 g kg-1, Zn – 0.066 g kg-1, Cr – 0.046 g kg-1, Ni – 0.025 g kg-1, Pb – 0.060 g kg-1. The highest content of total calcium, manganese, iron, copper and cobalt was found in mineral-organic formations (AO) and strongly silted murshes (Mtsz). The contents of calcium and sodium were significantly positively and the contents of other macro- and microelements were significantly negatively correlated with the amount of organic matter, organic carbon and total nitrogen.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Soil Science; 2021, 54, 2; 155-165
0079-2985
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Soil Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Compressibility of Organic Soils Polluted with Diesel Oil
Autorzy:
Olchawa, A.
Kumor, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
Tematy:
organic soils
diesel oil
compression index
dielectric constant
Opis:
The paper presents results of experimental study on the compressibility of soils contaminated by diesel oil from Żuławy region. The investigation results show that compressibility of the soils increases with increasing diesel oil content. A significant increasing in compression was found when diesel oil content in soil exceeded 3%. The compression index Cc changes inversely to changes in the dielectrical constant of a porous medium. The index Cc for contaminated organic soil can be estimated from the established compression index of "clean" soil and dielectric constant of the porous medium of polluted soil.
Źródło:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2007, 54, 4; 299-307
1231-3726
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Content of Heavy Metals and Their Fractions in Organic Soils of Podlasie
Autorzy:
Wiater, Józefa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124491.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
heavy metal
organic soils
speciation of heavy metals
Opis:
The purpose of this study was to determine the total content of cadmium, lead, nickel, copper, zinc and their fractions in organic soils of Podlasie used as permanent grassland. The research material were samples taken from 30 soils of the Podlasie province in 2011-2013. The samples were taken from the determined layer to depth of 0-30 cm. Basic physicochemical properties were determined in the taken soil samples: organic carbon content, pH in 1 M KCl potentiometrically. The total content of metals after mineralization in aqua regia was determined, and cadmium fractions were determined with a modified BCR method. The measurements were conducted by means of atomic absorption spectroscopy with electrothermal atomization using Varian AA-100 spectrometer. It was found that only 2 soils can be included in the soils with first pollution degree due to the cadmium content. The content of other metals was at geochemical background level. The distribution of investigated metals in the fractions in studied organic soils was different comparing to mineral soils. Most of the analyzed elements were present in the fraction associated with organic substance, which limited their mobility, as evidenced by their low share in the available and potentially available fraction. The proportion of metals in the residual fraction was low, which is typical for organic soils. The share of studied metals in particular fractions varied depending on the sampling date, which may be related to the climatic conditions course in the study period and the treatments performed on these soils.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 3; 179-184
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A New Method for the Estimation of Hydraulic Permeability, Coefficient of Consolidation, and Soil Fraction Based on the Dilatometer Tests (DMT)
Autorzy:
Rabarijoely, Simon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/178815.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
DMT
mineral soils
organic soils
classification chart
hydraulic permeability
soil fraction
Opis:
The main issue of the paper is the estimation of soil hydraulic permeability based on the DMT test. DMTA, DMTC and SASK methods performed in the Nielisz dam, Stegny and the SGGW Campus of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences sites are described. The article presents the implementation of the dilatometer Marchetti test (DMT) in the determination of soil fraction and effects of its occurrence in the subsoil, tested in the Nielisz dam located in the Wieprz river valley in the Lublin province, and in various sites in Warsaw (Stegny site and SGGW Campus of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences). In order to acquire the needed data, the flat dilatometer test (DMT) method was used. A direct and indirect pressure methodology of interpreting soil swelling was characterized in the article. The paper shows the possibilities of determining sand, silt and clay soil fractions based on po and p1 pressures from dilatometer tests (DMT) and the effective (σ’vo) and total (σvo) vertical in situ overburden stress. Additionally, the main advantage of this paper is the proposal of use of a new chart to determine hydraulic permeability and soil fraction, based on DMT tests.
Źródło:
Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica; 2019, 41, 4; 212-222
0137-6365
2083-831X
Pojawia się w:
Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
General Characteristics of Selected Soil Profiles Under the Caltho-alnetum Association in the Babiogórski National Park
Ogólna charakterystyka wybranych profili gleb pod zbiorowiskiem olszyny górskiej (Caltho-Alnetum) w Babiogórskim Parku Narodowym
Autorzy:
Nicia, P.
Zadrożny, P.
Lamorski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/389694.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
olszyna bagienna
młaki
gleby organiczne
mokradła
Caltho-Alnetum
fens
organic soils
swamps
Opis:
Caltho-Alnetum associations belong to priority biotopes listed in the annex to 1st Habitats Directive of the European Union. Most of these habitats in the area of present Babiogórski National Park were reclaimed in the seventies. The present research compared the properties of soils and waters in the Caltho-Alnetum habitats, which were drained in the seventies with the analogous properties of habitats which were transformed by the anthropogenic factors only to a smali degree. The studies revealed a significant effect of rcclamation works conducted in the seventies on such parameters as organie carbon and mineral contents, degree of organic matter decomposition, degree of moorshing and groundwater level.
Siedliska bagiennej olszyny górskiej należą do siedlisk priorytetowych wymienionych w załączniku I Dyrektywy Siedliskowej Unii Europejskiej. Większość tych siedlisk z obecnego terenu Babiogórskiego Parku Narodowego została zmeliorowana w latach siedemdziesiątych. W ramach badań porównano podstawowe właściwości gleb i wód siedlisk bagiennej olszyny górskiej, które w latach siedemdziesiątych zostały odwodnione, z analogicznymi właściwościami siedlisk w małym stopniu przekształconych przez czynniki antropogenne. Badania wykazały duży wpływ melioracji przeprowadzonych w latach siedemdziesiątych na takie parametry gleb, jak zawartość węgla organicznego i popielność, stopień rozkładu materii organicznej, stopień murszenia oraz poziom wód gruntowych.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2009, 16, 7; 839-843
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) as a tool in geotechnical investigation of the substrate of a highway
Autorzy:
Maślakowski, Maciej
Kowalczyk, Sebastian
Mieszkowski, Radosław
Józefiak, Kazimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2027103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)
expressway
field testing
geotechnical engineering
organic soils
peat
Opis:
Geo log i cal and geotechnical en gi neer ing field tests, like struc ture drillings and dy namic (DPL, DPSH) or static probing (CPT), are con sid ered for a fun da men tal source of in for ma tion about soil and wa ter en vi ron ments. Since Eurocode 7 has been in tro duced, it has be come more com mon to use also dilatometers (DMT) or pres sure me ters (PMT). Re sults ob tained us ing all the men tioned tests are al ways of a dis crete na ture – in for ma tion is pro vided in cer tain points in the field. How ever, they de ter mine the ba sis for cre at ing spa tial mod els of geo log i cal struc ture and geotechnical con di - tions of a sub stra tum. The range and num ber of in ves ti ga tions con ducted (in clud ing drill ing, prob ing and lab o ra tory tests) in flu ence pre ci sion, in which a geo log i cal struc ture is iden ti fied and thus, also af fect prob a bil ity of com pat i bil ity be tween spa tial model and real geo log i cal con di tions of a sub stra tum. In the pa per, re sults of non-in va sive elec tri cal re sis tiv ity to mog ra phy (ERT) method are pre sented, com pris ing 2-di men sional im age of a soil me dium re sis tance. Elec tri cal re sis tance is a pa ram e ter that re flects di ver si fi ca tion of a soil me dium, con sid er ing its lithological as pect. In ad di tion, when com bined with drill ing re sults, it can be used to ac cu rate de ter mi na tion of bound aries be tween soil lay - ers. Car ry ing out of ERT tests in the field dur ing ex press way con struc tion con trib uted to iden ti fi ca tion of weak, low-strength soils like or ganic soils (peat, aggradated mud) and of soft con sis tency co he sive soils. These kinds of soil are the main cause for un ac cept able de for ma tions ap pear ing in the new road en gi neer ing struc ture.
Źródło:
Studia Quaternaria; 2014, 31; 83-89
1641-5558
2300-0384
Pojawia się w:
Studia Quaternaria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Content and changes in dissolved organic matter in meadow and arable soils over time
Autorzy:
Rosa, E.
Debska, B.
Pakula, J.
Tobiasova, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971316.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
meadow and arable soils
toc
tnt
dissolved organic matter
Opis:
Considering the discrepancies in the reports on seasonal changes in the content of dissolved organic carbon, this paper concerns the research which aimed at defining the content and seasonal changes in dissolved organic matter (DOM) in arable and meadow soils in moderate climate conditions. The research has involved the soils sampled in the kujawsko-pomorskie province (Poland). Gleic Phaeozems (meadow soils), Brunic Arenosols and Eutric Cambisols were sampled from the depth of 0-30 cm, 30-60 cm and 60-100 cm, November 2011 through September 2013. The soil samples were analyzed for dry weight content, pH, content of total organic carbon and total nitrogen. DOM was extracted with 0.004 mol·dm⁻³ CaCl₂, in the extracts the content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved nitrogen (DNt) were assayed. The share of DOC was determined by the soil management. The analysis of variance did not show significant differences in the content of TOC and Nt across the soil sampling dates. Were recorded changes in DOC and DNt between successive sampling dates; for topsoil for DOC – from -12.06% to 13.34% (meadow soils) and for DNt -40.84% to 47.44% (arable soils).
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Soil Science; 2019, 52, 2; 183-194
0079-2985
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Soil Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Role of Organic Matter in Tropical Soil Productivity
Autorzy:
Adiaha, M. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178311.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Food security
Human urine
Organic matter
Soil fertility
Tropical soils
Opis:
A survey on the role of soil organic matter (SOM) in tropical soil productivity was carried out with the objective of highlighting on the effects and benefits of organic matter on soil biophysical chemical properties and yield of crops in the tropics. It was revealed that tropical soils are inherently low in fertility due to predominance of kaolinitic clays. The soils are low in CEC, OM, available P and base saturation. Inorganic fertilizers are scarce and costly in addition to negative effects on soil causing acidification and induced micronutrients deficiencies. Organic matter contain a wide range of macro and micro nutrients. On mineralization, these nutrients are released, in addition to contributing of organic matter to the soil. This manure also improves physical properties and ultimately increase crop yield on a sustainable basis.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 86, 1; 1-66
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Soil phosphorus fractionation in calcareous soil as affected by organic amendments application
Autorzy:
Ghoneim, Adel
Al-Sakkaf, Mohammed S.
Modaihsh, Abdullah S.
Alotaibi, Khaled D.
Alharbi, Saiff
Aldhumri, Sami A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2088220.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
changes in P fractions
mineral fertilizers
organic fertilizers
sequential fractionation
soils
Opis:
Understanding of P transformations following organic amendments addition to highly calcareous soils is necessary for developing better management practices that can help enhance P fertilizer use efficiency. Phosphorus solubility and availability for plant uptake under the conditions of arid calcareous soil is very low, making P nutrient supply a critical issue under these conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of various types of organic amendments (chicken compost, cow compost and a mixture of humic-fulvic acid) applied alone at different rates of KH2PO4 fertilizer on P fractions in calcareous soil using the sequential chemical extraction method. Amended calcareous soil was incubated under laboratory conditions and soil samples were collected at 0, 4, 8 and 16 weeks of the incubation periods. Soil was sequentially extracted and analyzed for P different fractions. The results indicated that the addition of chicken and cow compost increased soluble and exchangeable-P and Ca-P fractions in calcareous soil and the increases depend on application rates. The results indicated that combination of chicken and cow compost with different KH2PO4 fertilizer application rates increased the concentration of soluble and exchangeable-P in the soil compared to organic amendments or KH2PO4 fertilizer applied alone. The P associated with Ca was the dominant P fractions in soil, ranging between 51 to 59% regardless of the different treatment and the period of incubations. The Al- and Fe-associated P fractions varied between 2 and 9%, with the maximum value being observed at the eighth week of incubation. The residual-P fraction ranged between 5 and 22% at different incubation periods.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Soil Science; 2020, 53, 1; 149-162
0079-2985
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Soil Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Soil phosphorus fractionation in calcareous soil as affected by organic amendments application
Autorzy:
Ghoneim, A.
Al-Sakkaf, M.S.
Modaihsh, A.S.
Alotaibi, K.D.
Alharbi, S.
Aldhumri, S.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971195.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
changes in p fractions
mineral fertilizers
organic fertilizers
sequential fractionation
soils
Opis:
Understanding of P transformations following organic amendments addition to highly calcareous soils is necessary for developing better management practices that can help enhance P fertilizer use efficiency. Phosphorus solubility and availability for plant uptake under the con- ditions of arid calcareous soil is very low, making P nutrient supply a critical issue under these conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of various types of organic amend- ments (chicken compost, cow compost and a mixture of humic-fulvic acid) applied alone at dif- ferent rates of KH 2 PO 4 fertilizer on P fractions in calcareous soil using the sequential chemical extraction method. Amended calcareous soil was incubated under laboratory conditions and soil samples were collected at 0, 4, 8 and 16 weeks of the incubation periods. Soil was sequentially extracted and analyzed for P different fractions. The results indicated that the addition of chicken and cow compost increased soluble and exchangeable-P and Ca-P fractions in calcareous soil and the increases depend on application rates. The results indicated that combination of chicken and cow compost with different KH 2 PO 4 fertilizer application rates increased the concentration of sol- uble and exchangeable-P in the soil compared to organic amendments or KH 2 PO 4 fertilizer applied alone. The P associated with Ca was the dominant P fractions in soil, ranging between 51 to 59% regardless of the different treatment and the period of incubations. The Al- and Fe-associated Pfractions varied between 2 and 9%, with the maximum value being observed at the eighth week of incubation. The residual-P fraction ranged between 5 and 22% at different incubation periods.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Soil Science; 2020, 53, 1
0079-2985
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Soil Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The relationship between the granulometric composition of grassland soils and their content of mineral nitrogen and organic carbon
Autorzy:
Pietrzak, Stefan
Urbaniak, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312649.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
granulometric composition
grassland
mineral soils
mineral nitrogen content
organic carbon content
Opis:
The study analysed the relationship between the granulometric composition of grassland soils as determined by laser diffraction and their content of mineral forms of nitrogen and organic carbon. The content of mineral forms of nitrogen (NO3-N and NH4-N) in soil samples - after their extraction with 1% solution K2SO4 , was determined by flow colourimetry. Soil organic carbon content was determined using the Tyurin method. The study examined soil samples collected from 169 control and measurement sites located in different regions of Poland in terms of conditions for agricultural production. Statistical analyses of the research results showed that the grain size of grassland soils had a significant effect on their ammonium nitrogen content but not on their nitrate nitrogen and organic carbon content. In this respect, it was found that there was a positive correlation between the share of the sand fraction and the content of ammonium nitrogen in soils and an opposite relation between the share of coarse silt, fine silt and clay and the content of the aforementioned component. Results of the analyses differ considerably from the results of studies by other authors on the influence of soil grain size distribution on the content of mineral nitrogen and organic carbon in soils based on classical methods of measurements of soil particle size distribution. There is a need to develop solutions to convert and compare results obtained by laser diffraction and standard methods.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2023, 57; 69--77
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolution of shallow post-bog soils developed on Holocene carbonate sediments in NW Poland
Autorzy:
Jarnuszewski, Grzegorz
Meller, Edward
Kitczak, Teodor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312634.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
decomposition of organic matter
dehydration
Gleysols
groundwater
Histosols
Phaeozems
plant
communities
post-bog soils evolution
Opis:
This research presents the characteristics and inferred evolution of post-bog soils developed in the Last Glacial Maximum area of northwestern Poland near the southern Baltic coast. The study involved a total of five sites near existing lakes in NW Poland. In total, 21 soil pits were described and sampled and 17 piezometers were installed. In soil samples chemical and physical properties were determined. During the hydrological year the water level was checked and chemical properties of water were determined, the floristic composition at each location was also carried out. Mineralisation of post-bog soils initiated by dehydration leads to the decomposition of organic surface layers and an increase in CaCO3 content as well as mineral non-lime components at the expense of organic matter. A sequence of five soil types occurs in this landscape: Sapric Histosols (Limnic), Drainic Histosols (Calcaric, Limnic), Histic Gleysols (Murshic), Umbric Gleysols (Hyperhumic), Gleyic Phaeozems (Hyperhumic) that represent individual stages of soil genesis. Differences between the chemical properties of soils are apparent between organic vs organic-mineral and mineral layers. Man-induced drainage of post-bog soils changes their physical parameters. Bulk density increase and water retention decrease. The fluctuation of groundwater determines the moisture content of post-bog soils and affects the species composition of vegetation. Chemistry of groundwater is shaped mainly by the construction of catchment and the nature of its use, however, it is modified as a result of the inflow of macronutrients released during organic matter mineralisation processes and leaching of exchangeable forms from the sorption complex.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2023, 58; 99--109
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oxidoreductive enzymes activity as secondary transformation index of peat-moorsh soils
Aktywność enzymów oksydoredukcyjnych jako wskaźnik wtórnego przeobrażenia gleb torfowo-murszowych
Autorzy:
Szajdak, L. W.
Meysner, T.
Styła, K.
Gaca, W.
Szczepański, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/126998.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
peat-moorsh soils
oxidoreductive enzymes
organic matter
secondary transformation index
gleby torfowo-murszowe
enzymy oksydoredukcyjne
materia organiczna
wskaźnik wtórnego przeobrażenia
Opis:
Transformation of peat into moorsh in aerobic conditions after drainage causes changes in molecular structure and degradation of organic matter. Assessments of water retention and dewatering in peat indicate that agricultural activity has left a negative impact on peatland. Peat-moorsh samples were collected from three sites in the Wrzesnica River valley. Soil cores were subsequently divided into 0-25, 25-50, 50-75, 75-100 cm depth intervals. The following oxidoreductive enzymes activity was determined: phenol, xanthine and urate oxidase, peroxidase and nitrate reductase. In analyzed peat-moorsh samples have shown significant increase of phenol (1.3-2.3 times), xanthine (1.4-2.0 times) oxidase activity in all sites, and urate oxidase (1.4-2.5 times), peroxidase (1.6-3.8 times) activity in the first and the second sites within peat-moorsh profile. An opposite trend was recorded for nitrate reductase activity. The activity of this enzyme significant decreased with soil depth profile from 1.4 to 5.2 times. It was connected with degree of secondary transformation determined by the water holding capacity index (W1), porosity, moisture, the concentration of total phenolic, dissolved and total organic carbon. The investigations confirmed that enzymes activity is a good factor of the changes taking places in peat-moorsh soils. Oxidoreductive enzymes are important in catalyzing several pathways necessary for the stabilization of soil structure and organic matter formation.
Zabiegi melioracyjne oraz eksploatacja złóż torfowych powodują zmiany w strukturze molekularnej i degradację materii organicznej. Długotrwała działalność rolnicza na odwodnionych glebach torfowych prowadzi do ich degradacji. Próbki gleb torfowo-murszowych zostały pobrane z trzech stanowisk zlokalizowanych w dolinie rzeki Wrześnicy koło Czerniejewa z głębokości 0-25, 25-50, 50-75, 75-100 cm. W próbkach glebowych oznaczono aktywność enzymów oksydoredukcyjnych: oksydazy fenolowej, ksantynowej i moczanowej oraz peroksydazy i reduktazy azotanowej. Wykazano istotny wzrost aktywności oksydazy fenolowej (1,3-2,3 razy), ksantynowej (1,4-2,0 razy) przy wszystkich stanowiskach oraz oksydazy moczanowej (1,4-2,5 razy) i peroksydazy (1,6-3,8 razy) przy stanowisku pierwszym i trzecim wraz z głębokością profilu glebowego. Przeciwny trend odnotowano dla aktywności reduktazy azotanowej. Aktywność tego enzymu zmniejszała się istotnie wraz z głębokością profilu glebowego od 1,4 do 5,2 razy. Zmiany te były zgodne ze stopniem wtórnego przeobrażenia utworów torfowo-murszowych określanego wartościami wskaźnika chłonności wodnej (W1), porowatością, wilgotnością, koncentracją związków fenolowych, rozpuszczonego i ogólnego węgla organicznego. Badania potwierdziły, że aktywność enzymów oksydoredukcyjnych jest dobrym wskaźnikiem zmian zachodzących w glebach torfowo-murszowych. Enzymy te odgrywają kluczową rolę w katalizowaniu wielu szlaków metabolicznych niezbędnych do stabilizacji struktury gleby i tworzenia materii organicznej.
Źródło:
Proceedings of ECOpole; 2018, 12, 2; 345-353
1898-617X
2084-4557
Pojawia się w:
Proceedings of ECOpole
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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