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Tytuł:
Prioritising National Competitiveness over Support for Democracy? Finnish Media Policy in the 21st Century
Autorzy:
Ala-Fossi, Marko
Grönlund, Mikko
Hellman, Heikki
Lehtisaari, Katja
Karppinen, Kari
Nieminen, Hannu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2165502.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-01-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Media Policy
Regulation
State Support
News Media
Finland
Opis:
Ever since the launch of the World Press Freedom Index almost 20 years ago, Finland has always been among the top five countries of that index. According to the annual Reuters Digital News reports, Finnish people also have the highest level of trust in the news media and one of the highest levels of press readership in the EU. Most of the media companies are doing quite well, while Google and Facebook have a much less dominant role in the advertising market than elsewhere in Europe. In this context, you might expect Finland to have a comprehensive and visionary media and communications policy to support democracy. However, our meta-study of Finnish media and communications policy based on two recent reports to the Ministry of Transport and Communications, other earlier studies, along with official documents as well as statistical data suggests that is not the case. Our analysis shows that most decisions have been pragmatic ad hoc solutions serving economic interests rather than any specific media and communication policy goals. A closer examination also proves that Finland does not fi t into the Nordic Media Welfare State model either, despite a long, shared history and cultural ties.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2022, 26, 4; 149-175
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Battle for Dominance on Telegram: Mainstream vs. Alternative News Coverage of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ukraine
Bitwa o dominację na Telegramie: Tradycyjne vs. Alternatywne relacje informacyjne o pandemii COVID-19 w Ukrainie
Autorzy:
Zinichenko, Vladyslav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185988.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-31
Wydawca:
Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna w Bielsku-Białej
Tematy:
COVID19
Telegram
tradycyjne media informacyjne
alternatywne media informacyjne
Ukraina
COVID-19
mainstream news media
alternative news media
Ukraine
Opis:
W prezentowanym tekście analizie poddano relacje informacyjne dotyczące pandemii COVID-19 na Ukrainie. W swoim badaniu, Autor porównuje posty publikowane na platformie społecznościowejTelegram (n=4427) prezentowane przez tradycyjne i alternatywne media informacyjne w dwóch odrębnych miesiącach (okres od 9 listopada do 9 grudnia 2020 r., oraz okres od 24 lutego do 24 marca 2021 r.), stosując ilościową analizę treści oraz metodę porównawczą. Wyniki pokazują wyraźną różnicę między postami tradycyjnych i alternatywnych mediów pod względem tematów i źródeł, ale nie w tonie emocjonalnym, co może wskazywać, iżtradycyjne i alternatywne media kierują się różnymi priorytetami podczas prezentacji informacji. Co więcej, pierwsza kategoria mediów opublikowała więcej wpisów na temat pandemii niż druga, a liczba źródeł politycznych przewyższa liczbę źródeł medycznych. Dodatkowo, na podstawie uzyskanych informacji badawczych, można wyciągnąć wniosek, że zarówno tradycyjnejak i alternatywne media informacyjne przyczyniały się do upolitycznienia pandemii koronawirusa na Ukrainie.
In the present study, which examined the coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine, the Telegram posts (n=4427) of mainstream news media and alternative news media were compared. The research period covered two separate months (9 November – 9 December 2020, and 24 February – 24 March 2021). Quantitative content analysis and the comparative method of data analysis were applied to analyze gathered data. The findings demonstrated a clear division between mainstream news coverage and alternative news coverage in terms of topics and sources, yet not in the story tone of the presented information, which may be the result of the distinct priorities of the two media types in relation to news presentation. Moreover, the study revealed that the mainstream media published more posts about the pandemic than the alternative media, which was also the case for the number of political sources that outweighed the overall number of health sources. What can be concluded on the basis of the conducted analysis is that both mainstream and alternative news media contributed to the politicization of the coronavirus in Ukraine.
Źródło:
Media i Społeczeństwo; 2022, 2, 17; 133-149
2083-5701
2545-2568
Pojawia się w:
Media i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Traditional and Online Media: Relationship between Media Preference, Credibility Perceptions, Predispositions, and European Identity
Autorzy:
Ejaz, Waqas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1112997.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-01-19
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
European identity
news media selection
media credibility
political predispositions
Opis:
The present study investigates the relationship between people’s preference of either traditional or online media for news consumption, credibility evaluation of media and their sense of European identity. In order to do so, the study draws on the Social Identity Theory and the findings of social psychologists which situate European identity a concept that corresponds to an individuals’ subjective assignment to a collective and their affective and evaluative attachment to it. The analysis based on Eurobarometer survey data reveals that preferences of both online and traditional media for political news positively affects European identity. However, such an effect is dependent on people’s pre-existing attitudes towards the EU and if they perceive the media to be neutral and credible.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2020, 13, 3(27); 333-351
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ready to Hire a Freelance Journalist: the Change in Estonian Newsrooms’ Willingness to Outsource Journalistic Content Production
Autorzy:
Himma-Kadakas, Marju
Mõttus, Mirjam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2042949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-21
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
freelance journalism
entrepreneurial journalism
labor market
news media
news production
Opis:
This paper explores the change in Estonian media organizations’ readiness to cooperate with freelance journalists. The interviews with editors of newsrooms of magazines, newspapers, and radio and television broadcasters were conducted in 2014 and 2019. The findings were additionally tested in the conditions of the Covid-19 crisis in 2020. The paper outlines how over the five years the editors have not only changed their perception of who freelance journalists are but how they express the readiness to outsource content from journalistic entrepreneurs. We conclude that the Estonian media market shows signs of adopting diverse collaborative forms that diverge from the journalistic field. The freelancers’ concept has changed, indicating integration of journalistic and entrepreneurial roles – the entrepreneurial journalist is seen less as the odd-jobber working on commission and more of a business partner.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2021, 14, 1(28); 27-43
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
‘Model Putin Forever’. A Critical Discourse Analysis on Vladimir Putin’s Portrayal in Czech Online News Media
Autorzy:
Stovickova, Zina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2042950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-21
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
Putin
Russia
Czech online news media
discourse
analysis
Opis:
This paper examines the Czech online news media representation of Vladimir Putin during three presidential elections (American of 2016, Czech and Russian of 2018). The portrayal of the Russian leader is examined using the methods of the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), mainly by the approach formulated by Teun van Dijk. The results showed a negatively biased portrayal of the president, Russian policy and the country itself, which corresponds with the historical-political context of the Czech-Russian relations, and which is in accordance with the Western media discourse. Applying the methods of global coherence revealed that the overarching theme of the coverage is Putin’s efforts to re-establish Russia as the global power and to restore the binary world as it was during the Cold war, while the methods of local coherence disclosed many implications, categorizations and the ubiquitous sarcasm and negativity in most of the texts.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2021, 14, 1(28); 44-61
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selective Exposure on Polish Political and News Media Facebook Pages
Autorzy:
Matuszewski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1790671.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-19
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
selective exposure
social media
echo chamber
beliefs
news media
Opis:
Increasing numbers of citizens rely on social media to gather both political and non-political information. This fact raises questions about belief formation and belief updating in the social media setting. Using Facebook data on users’ behaviour in Poland in 2017, I test the hypothesis that individuals tend to like content that confirms their beliefs. I measure the political preferences of nearly 1.4 million users who were active on the main political and news media pages and classify them as being supporters of certain political organisations or as being politically unaffiliated. Based on the principles of analytical sociology, I construct a theoretical model that may explain the results. According to the model, users tend to like posts from only one source of information. There are also statistically significant differences in the news media preferences of supporters of different political organisations. They are prone to like posts published by sources that accord with their views. The model also correctly predicts that politically unaffiliated users choose media outlets that are considered unbiased or less biased. The results support the hypothesis that users of social media prefer exclusive or near-exclusive sources of information.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2019, 206, 2; 177-198
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
PURE POLITICKING! RACIALISED BLAME GAMES AND MORAL PANIC IN THE CASE OF A SOUTH AFRICAN HIGH SCHOOL
Autorzy:
CONRADIE, MARTHINUS STANDER
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036234.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-02-25
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
racist
South Africa
blame-attribution
blame-denial
argumentation
news media
Opis:
This study combines two discourse analytic frameworks, and explores the utility of this combination for unpacking journalistic opinions written in response to a polarising and racialised event in South African education: the Overvaal High School incident. It uncovers strategic constructions of racism within politicised blame games, in the context of Overvaal, and discloses how blame-assertion and blame-denial became implicated in framings of moral panic. Methodologically, this study relies on the concept race trouble, as well as a practical model of argumentation. In conjunction, these two approaches supply insight into both the calculated construction of racism, as well as the incorporation of these constructions into arguments aimed at rationalising blame-assertion and blame-denial. The results are interpreted within theorisations of moral panic. The findings showcase how arguments are produced to blame an individual politician for escalating racial antagonism around Overvaal, instead of offering a deeply historicised and contextualised account of the incident. Consequently, the arguments that shaped the opinion pieces, and the framing of racism involved in these arguments, ultimately obfuscate inquiry into structural determinants of racial inequity. Implicitly, this framing of racism and its incorporation into argumentation and blame games, produce a form of moral panic, in which South Africans racialised as white are construed as embattled by self-serving (black) politicians. Such politicians are vilified, or rendered as folk devils, and the results indicate how this process evades penetrating analyses of racialisation and its intersection with unequal education.  
Źródło:
Society Register; 2020, 4, 1; 37-60
2544-5502
Pojawia się w:
Society Register
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Warfare Metaphor and its Functional Aims in an Actual Armed Conflict – the Forty-Four Day War
Autorzy:
Muradian, Gaiane
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2231695.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-10-06
Wydawca:
Komisja Nauk Filologicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Oddział we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
the forty-four day war
news media
multimodality
warfare metaphor
metaphor framing
recontextualization
Opis:
The present case study in general and the multimodal analysis of the warfare metaphor in particular tend to focus on the prevalence of metaphor framing related to news schemas documented over the period of the forty-four days of an actual war - the 2020 Nagorno-Karabagh war. Certain questions (Why was the warfare metaphor so widely used in this forty-four day war? How and in what ways did this type of metaphor realize its functional aims?) are addressed in the present case study by analyzing theoretical and empirical data on the subject and by advancing my own account of the functions of the warfare metaphor in war discourse presented in mass-mediated communication. Metaphor framing and its effects usually depend on words (the linguistic or verbal metaphor), however, such effect also depend on multimodal representations of the verbal metaphor, namely on the visual image. I therefore argue that metaphor framing and metaphor effects should be examined and explicitly described within the frames of multimodal analysis which can disclose how the convergence of verbal and the visual metaphor affects rhetorical war situations and increases the audience’s reception of the message of the war. Hence, this case study will show that the wartime metaphor, with the application of multimodality, conveys information of the war and impacts public opinion, thus striving to achieve positive outcomes. The results show that metaphor framing and the given type of metaphor is encountered in actual war to draw and capture public attention through emotionally charged multimodal devices aimed at informing and impacting public opinion, thus persuading and motivating the world to take urgent steps to stop the further escalation of the conflict. The usage of such metaphor framing closely connected with the context of war might result in certain outcomes illuminating that the warfare metaphor contributes to the understanding of complexities and abstractions of war discourse at large.
Źródło:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology; 2022, 15; 225-234
2299-7164
2353-3218
Pojawia się w:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF NEWS MEDIA ARTICLES ON THE POLISH ‘RULE OF LAW CRISIS’
Autorzy:
Dersley, Stephen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/921387.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-09
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
discourse analysis
news media articles
the Polish constitutional crisis
rule of law
sovereignty
legal theory
Opis:
The article identifies the discursive characteristics of news media texts covering Poland’s ‘constitutional crisis’. Following the conception of discourse presented in Laclau and Mouffe (1985), i.e. as an articulatory practice that conveys meaning through a structured system of positions and differences, the article highlights some features of English-language news media texts (e.g. from the Guardian, Telegraph, Economist, Financial Times, New York Times, Washington Post) that can be described as typical. The following features are identified: a lecturing tone, the use of structural oppositions, immediate rebuttals, misrepresentation, appeals to expertise, and the sovereignty taboo. These features are diagnosed as contributing to the narrow discursive range covered by news articles. To broaden the considerations, the article presents three conflicting positions from Polish legal theory that address the issues of constitutional courts, the rule of law and national sovereignty: Ryszard Piotrowki’s legal constitutionalism, Paweł Bała and Adam Wielomski’s Schmitt-inspired position, and Adam Sulikowski’s reading of the constitutional courts as an instrument of hegemonic discourse. In the conclusion it is suggested that news media discourse would benefit from demonstrating a greater awareness of other discourses, and from developing a more generous, balanced approach to presenting and addressing their claims.
Źródło:
Comparative Legilinguistics; 2020, 44, 1; 5-43
2080-5926
2391-4491
Pojawia się w:
Comparative Legilinguistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A hypothesis on maintenance of fears
Autorzy:
Peicheva, Dobrinka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/647791.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
fear
media violence
media negative news
mass media effects.
Opis:
The article is focused on a  function of the mass media that stems from the tacit rule that “bad news make good news”. This refers to emphatic coverage of negative events, facts, processes and media violence, which instill fear, insecurity, anxiety, tension in the audience.No mass media make an exception to this trend. One can watch, hear or read coverage such as: “The end of the world has been postponed”, “The flue epidemic this year is expected to be much bigger and worse”, etc.Negative coverage instilling fear and insecurity refers above all to various forms of violence: killings, beatings, psychological harassment, sexual harassment. Fear and insecurity are also engendered by coverage of drug abuse, alcohol abuse, traffic accidents, disasters, failures, abuses related to product quality, prices, expiry dates, financial or document crimes, etc.A  content analysis study of central evening news broadcasts on three of the most widely watched Bulgarian television stations, conducted under the author’s leadership in 2011 and 2012 is used for developing the fear maintenance hypothesis.Most generally, the similarities between the two set of data are the following:– the media inspire fear, anxiety of various kinds, and the feeling that the problems are unsolvable;– violence in the media is shown daily and holds a  relatively high share of the coverage;– the media predominantly inspire pessimism.The author’s thesis is that the mass media maintain people’s fears and anxiety; this is more than a  hypothetic construct. It would be appropriate to designate this as the fear maintenance theory, and place it alongside the theory of cultivation (G. Gerbner), the social learning theory (A. Bandura), etc.
Artykuł nie zawiera abstraktu w języku polskim
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia; 2013, 20, 1
1428-9512
2300-7567
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Profiles of News Consumption in a High-Choice Media Environment: Evidence from Romania
Autorzy:
Dana Raluca Buturoiu, Raluca Buturoiu
Corbu, Nicoleta
Boțan, Mădălina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2150825.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Univerzita sv. Cyrila a Metoda. Fakulta masmediálnej komunikácie
Tematy:
High-choice Media Environment News Consumption Patterns
News Profiles
Opis:
During the last two decades, media and information environments have changed in a fundamental way. Generalized low levels of trust in media sources, incidental news exposure, and higher probability to be exposed only to views similar to their own and echo chambers are just some of the most important challenges within the current, high-choice media landscape. All of them have major ramifications for the information environment as a whole and, particularly, for the way in which they could influence people in becoming informed citizens. In this paper, we explore how news consumption patterns of mainstream and social media are associated with trust in media sources and other news consumption related phenomena, such as incidental news exposure and echo chambers. Theoretically, this study starts from the idea that today, within the current media environment, people tend to consume cross-media information1. In other terms, people’s news media diet consists of different media sources and media content2. Some recent research studies investigating people’s media diets put forward “profiles” showing how people consume media content, in an attempt to find out patterns of news consumption and how they might affect various democracy related aspects.3 Drawing on a news repertoires approach, the presented study aims at investigating news media consumption patterns among Romanian people. By means of a national survey (N=1,000), this study explores the main characteristics of news media consumers in Romania, in an attempt to shed more light on people’s media diets (what they actually consume) within the current, high-choice media landscape. The main findings from our study reveal that minimalist news users are the most prevalent category among the investigated sample. Compared with all the other types of news users, minimalist news users have the lowest levels of trust in both mainstream and social media sources. At the same time, they are less prone to be accidentally exposed to news stories, but more prone to be stuck in echo chambers, in environments where they encounter information that reflects or reinforces their own views. From a socio-demographic point of view, all types of consumers share more or less the same characteristics, with an age-related significant difference. These results offer important insights into the way in which news consumption patterns are associated with certain perceptions and attitudes that might result in letting citizens be less informed or even uninformed. Implications for democracy are further discussed.
Źródło:
Media Literacy and Academic Research; 2022, 5, 1; 95-115
2585-8726
Pojawia się w:
Media Literacy and Academic Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Self-Government Activity On Social Media As An Information Source To Cover Local Issues: Slovak And Ukrainian Journalists’ Views
Autorzy:
Harmatiy, Olha
Kravčák, Peter
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2150856.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Univerzita sv. Cyrila a Metoda. Fakulta masmediálnej komunikácie
Tematy:
Social media sourcing
Social media
Media. Local news
Government communication
Slovakia
Ukraine
Opis:
For the media, local self-government organizations are an important source of information when the public needs to know about local matters. In turn, for local self-governments, the media is one of the most useful means of communicating with residents. Citizens’ understanding and awareness of local self-government and local issues are particularly important within decentralization resulting in the enhancement of local authorities' capacity. Under these conditions, local self-governments are becoming key communicators within their communities and are significant sources of information for local news reporting. It is evident that governments should use all available modern communication tools, including social media. The data from surveyed journalists from two countries – the Slovak Republic, where decentralization processes have already taken place, and Ukraine, which is still developing them – proves that local governments’ social presence serves as an information source to cover local issues. The survey findings show that journalists integrate local governments’ social media sourcing into their professional practices. Using local self-governments’ sites on social media as journalistic sources provides journalists with important opportunities for extending their agenda, informing and updating people, and reflecting life at the local level.
Źródło:
Media Literacy and Academic Research; 2021, 4, 1; 134-144
2585-8726
Pojawia się w:
Media Literacy and Academic Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nuclear media discourses after the closure of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant: Is the game over?
Autorzy:
Mažeikienė, Natalija
Kasperiūnienė, Judita
Tandzegolskienė, Ilona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471065.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
critical discourse analysis
Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant
media framing
media news portals
nuclear discourse
nuclear media discourse
text mining
Visaginas
Opis:
The article presents a critical discourse analysis of media coverage of the most important Lithuanian strategic object - the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant INPP - in the three biggest news portals. Media news focuses mostly on certain aspects of decommissioning of the INPP management issues and the transparency of financing mechanisms. Environmental and social aspects of the decommissioning are not sufficiently disclosed and discussed. The community of Visaginas the satellite town for the workers of the INPP remains an invisible and silent actor of the discourse. In the media news portals, the town is portrayed as disconnected from the INPP. This divide could be explained by assuming that after the closure of the INPP as a major feeding enterprise the town must search for a re-definition of its identity and construct this identity without nuclear energy and without the INPP. On the other hand, such a divide reflects a common trend characteristic of the entire nuclear discourse - to disempower communities and the public, create a boundary between the industry and the public, between the experts and ordinary citizens.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2019, 12, 3/24; 335-360
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A review of the fake news ecosystem in India and the need for the News Literacy project
Przegląd ekosystemu „fake news” w Indiach a potrzeba zastosowania projektu News Literacy
Autorzy:
Kaur, Kanchan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/616526.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
News Literacy
Fake news
WhatsApp
Social Media
Factchecking
fake news
media społecznościowe
Opis:
Tylko w ostatnim roku ponad 30 osób zginęło w Indiach z powodu pogłosek o porwaniach dzieci rozpowszechnianych w mediach społecznościowych, a w szczególności za pośrednictwem WhatsApp. Dostępność Internetu w Indiach istotnie wzrosła w ostatnich latach dzięki wejściu na rynek Reliance Jo, które uczyniło pakiety danych tańszymi, a przez to bardziej dostępnymi. WhatsApp był najczęściej pobieraną aplikacją. Podczas gdy kraj przygotowywał się do ważnych wyborów, rozpowszechnianie dezinformacji uległo przyspieszeniu. Rządząca partia prawicowa stwierdziła, że w jej grupach WhatsUp uczestniczą ponad 3 miliony osób. Niedawny raport BBC pokazał, iż największa ilość dezinformacji w kraju jest rozpowszechniana przez środowiska prawicowe. Bez względu na to, czy nazwie się to propagandą, dezinformacją czy oczywistymi „fake newsami”, fałszywa lub nieprawdziwa informacja stała się częścią procesu politycznego w Indiach. Co więcej, w ciągu ostatnich kilku lat, indyjskie media zdają się nie sprzeciwiać rządowi i zasadniczo wspierają linię władz. Powodów takiego stanu rzeczy jest kilka i należą do nich korporacyjna własność mediów, regresywne regulacje prawne, jak również całkowite pomijanie mediów przez rządzących. Premier rozmawiał jedynie z kilkoma wybranymi domami medialnymi i w ciągu 5-letniej kadencji nigdy nie otrzymał trudnych pytań. Co więcej, rząd całkowicie pominął media, zwracając się do społeczeństwa bezpośrednio za pomocą mediów społecznościowych. Wszystkie te czynniki tworzą bardzo nabrzmiałą i chaotyczną sytuację informacyjną. Z uwagi na ingerencję rządu w edukację dla większości edukatorów wprowadzanie kursów krytycznego myślenia stało się znacznie trudniejsze. Dzieje się tak mimo podejmowania przez Google News Initative, Facebook czy BBC Schools wysiłków na rzecz wprowadzenia narzędzi do weryfikowania fałszywych informacji.
In India, in the last year alone, over 30 people have died due to child kidnapping rumors spread on social media, specifically WhatsApp. India’s access to the internet shot up in the recent years with the entry of Reliance Jio which made data plans affordable and therefore accessible. WhatsApp has been the most frequently downloaded application. As the country gears up for an important election, the spread of disinformation has accelerated. The right-wing ruling party has claimed that it has over 3 million people in its WhatsApp groups. A recent study by BBC has shown that in the country, most of the disinformation has been spread by the right wing. Call it propaganda, disinformation or plain fake news, false or wrong information has become a part of the political process in India. Moreover, the Indian media no longer seem to be standing up to the government; in the last few years, it has generally toed the government line. The reasons are many, including corporate ownership, regressive laws, and a complete bypass of the media by the powers. The Prime Minister has spoken only to a few selected media houses and has never been asked any tough questions in his five-year tenure. Furthermore, the media has been completely sidelined by this government by it going to the public, directly through social media. All of this has produced a very turgid and messy information situation. With the government also interfering in education, it has become all the more difficult for most educators to introduce critical thinking courses in the country, even though various efforts have been made by Google News Initiative, Facebook and BBC Schools to introduce tools to debunk false information.
Źródło:
Przegląd Politologiczny; 2019, 4; 23-29
1426-8876
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Politologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fake news. A continuation or rejection of the traditional news paradigm?
Autorzy:
Palczewski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/650155.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
fake news
news paradigm
authenticity
media
Opis:
In the article, I analysed the problem of fake news in the context of the traditional paradigm of a news story. The traditional paradigm posits that, most of all, a piece of information is true. However in contemporary media, there exist pieces of information which are fabricated and untrue. It is not a new phenomenon, yet it has intensified in recent years. News stories are fabricated for entertainment, political, or commercial purposes. They are carriers of propaganda and profit. The essence of fake news is the intentional misleading of the receiver for achieving the above gains. It is difficult to verify their veracity, and identify fake news items due to their similarity to real pieces of news. That is why they are becoming a part of the media landscape in which we will probably have to exist.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica; 2017, 43, 5
1505-9057
2353-1908
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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