Temat: natural gas combustion - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: The reduction of the emission of NOx in the heat-treating furnaces
Redukcja emisji NOx w piecach stosowanych do obróbki cieplnej
Autorzy:: Wilk, M.
Magdziarz, A.
Kuźnia, M.
Jerzak, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/263773.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:: NOx
spalanie gazu ziemnego
niskoemisyjne techniki spalania
recyrkulacja spalin
natural gas combustion
low-emission combustion
recirculation of exhaust gases
Opis:: Despite the fossil fuel are still dominant source of primary energy in the word, the natural gas is generally used in many branches in industry. The interest in natural gas is caused by new production technologies (shale gas). This situation leads to take an interest in natural gas combustion technologies, especially low-emission combustion. In spite of many advantages of natural gas, it is also a source of nitrogen oxides generated during combustion in high temperature processes. The knowledge of the mcchanisms of the formation of NOx allows to modify the combustion process. There are two ways of Iow emission combustion processes leading to reduce pollutants: "primary and secondary methods". This paper presents the primary low-emission combustion method using the recirculation of flue gas and air excess ratio.
Pomimo tego, że paliwa kopalne pozostają nadal dominującym źródłem energii pierwotnej na świecie, gaz ziemny cieszy się dużą popularnością. Związane jest to z nowymi technologiami produkcji niekonwencjonalnego gazu w procesie przerobu łupków. W związku z tym, zwraca się uwagę na procesy spalania gazu ziemnego, a szczególnie na niskoemisyjne techniki spalania. W wysokiej temperaturze podstawowym niekorzystnym produktem spalania gazu ziemnego są tlenki azotu NOx. Znajomość mechanizmów ich powstawia pozwala na modyfikację procesu spalania tak, aby ograniczyć ich emisję. Wyróżnia się metody pierwotne i wtórne ograniczania NOx. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki eksperymentalne ograniczania emisji NOX metodą pierwotną z wykorzystaniem recyrkulacji spalin i stosunku nadmiaru powietrza.
Źródło:: Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering; 2010, 36, 1; 47-55
1230-2325
2300-8377
Pojawia się w:: Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Numerical study of natural gas combustion in a pusher furnace
Badania numeryczne spalania gazu ziemnego w piecu przepychowym
Autorzy:: Wilk, M.
Straka, R.
Szajding, A.
Telejko, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/264245.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:: natural gas combustion
Eddy Dissipation Model
NOx production
spalanie gazu ziemnego
model rozpraszania wirów
produkcja tlenków azotu
Opis:: The paper presents results of the preliminary numerical model of the natural gas combustion in the furnace. The production technology requirements strongly limit the possibility of any action interfering in the process, which could improve the gas pollutants emission. The optimization of the pollutants generation, which strongly depends on the parameters of the process, is important aim to understand concerning the environmental protection regulations. The simple model of methane com-bustion mechanism has been studied taking into account nitrogen oxides formation. The model, using Eddy Dissipation Model, calculates the concentration of gas pollutants. The input data (e.g. geometry, flows, furnace zoning, types of applied burners etc.) were taking from real device (the pusher fumace from the rolling mill). The calculations were not included the presence of the charge in the process. The emission of pollutants from modeling of methane combustion has been presented. Although the results do not correspond with real condition of the furnace, no charge in the furnace, this first step of modeling allows the extension of the model taking into account the heat exchange in the atmosphere of the furnace.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń uzyskanych na podstawie zaprojektowanego numerycznego modelu spalania gazu ziemnego w piecu przemysłowym. Wymagania technologii produkcji stali mocno ograniczają możliwości ingerencji w proces spalania. Modyfikowanie przebiegu procesu spalania może prowadzić do ograniczenia emisji zanieczyszczeń gazowych. W ograniczeniu emisji zanieczyszczeń, która w dużym stopniu zależy od parametrów procesu, istotne jest uwzględnienie przepisów ochrony środowiska. Zastosowany model mechanizmu spalania metanu badano, uwzględniając formowanie się tlenków azotu, które są szkodliwe dla środowiska naturalnego. Do obliczeń stężeń zanieczyszczeń gazowych wykorzystano model EDM. Dane wejściowe (np. geometria, przepływy, strefy pieca, rodzaje zastosowanych palników itp.) oparte są na parametrach rzeczywistych (piec przepychowy z walcowni). W artykule przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń emisji zanieczyszczeń gazowych z procesu spalania gazu ziemnego.
Źródło:: Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering; 2012, 38, 2; 151-161
1230-2325
2300-8377
Pojawia się w:: Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Syngas as a reburning fuel for natural gas combustion
Autorzy:: Wilk, M.
Magdziarz, A.
Zajemska, M.
Kuźnia, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185446.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: spalanie gazu ziemnego
gaz syntezowy
osady ściekowe
dopalanie
modelowanie numeryczne
zanieczyszczenie powietrza
natural gas combustion
sewage sludge
syngas
reburning
numerical modelling
air pollutant
Opis:: The paper aims to confirm the syngas application as a reburning fuel to reduce e.g. NO emission during natural gas combustion. The main aim of this modelling work was to predict pollutants generated in the exhaust gases and to indicate the influence of the syngas on the natural gas combustion process. The effect of residence time of fuel-air mixture was also been performed. Calculations were made with CHEMIKN-PRO for reburning process using syngas. The boundary conditions of the reburning process were based on experimental investigations. The addition of 5, 10, 15 and 19% of reburning fuel into natural gas combustion was studied. The effects of 0.001 to 10 s of residence time and the addition of 5, 10, and 15% of syngas on combustion products were determined. The performed numerical tests confirmed that co-combustion of the natural gas with syngas (obtained from sewage sludge gasification) in the reburning process is an efficient method of NOx reduction by c.a. 50%. Syngas produced from sewage sludge can be utilised as a reburning fuel.
Źródło:: Chemical and Process Engineering; 2014, 35, 2; 181-190
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:: Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Natural gas engines - problems and challenges
Autorzy:: Kowalewicz, A.
Wojtyniak, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243241.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2007
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: combustion engine
natural gas
dual-fuel engine
combustion duration
knock
Opis:: At former KONES one of the co-authors presented a paper, is which general information about natural gas properties, reserves, production and distribution were given and application to SI and CI engines was presented, compared and discussed. It was shown, that more promising is dual-fuel CI engine. There is a lot of information on combustion, emissions and performances of dual-fuel natural gas engines, but there are also blank areas and controversial opinions, which were pointed out and discussed in this paper. For example: why combustion processes are delayed in comparison with combustion of diesel fuel only. It is also not clear whether noise of dual-fuel engine is higher than that of diesel engine or lower (there are contradictory data). These problems are shown and discussed in this paper. The proposal of further research is presented. Ignition and combustion in dual-fuel natural gas engines is yet not fully recognized, especially: combustion duration, mechanism at gaseous and condensed phase burning, kinetics and diffusion controlled combustion, noise, knock and cycle-by-cycle variation. Optimization of control parameters on account of efficiency and emissions is still an open problem. Influence of natural gas composition and its changes on engine performance and emissions still demand estimation.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 2; 273-282
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Some aspects of dual fueling of the middle class modern CI engines
Autorzy:: Stelmasiak, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242729.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2007
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: dual fuel
natural gas
gas injection
common rail
combustion process
Opis:: The paper presents results of studies on the dual fuel engine equipped with the Common Rail high pressure injection system and low pressure natural gas injection into the inlet collector. Impact of some regulation parameters of the feed system on the engine performance parameters was examined. Research of the pilot dose selection showed that the minimal size of the dose was limited to ca 12+13% of the nominal dose. It is a result of some troubles of the electromagnetic injector operation at short times of control. The effect of that is a notable deterioration of smoothness of the engine operation. However, electronic control of the injector opening timing enables to reduce the pilot dose size as the engine load is reduced. The research showed advantageous impact of the decreasing dose on the engine efficiency and exhaust gas toxicity at partial loads of the engine. The tests reconfirmed full usefulness of the system to combustion process optimization. A delay of the injection start at high engine loads enables to reduce nearly twice the NOx concentration in exhaust gas with insignificant decreasing, some 1+1.5%, of its efficiency. The used systems showed their high suitability to control charge quality in dual fuel engines, in traction applications in particular.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 4; 453-462
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Conversion of Fiat 0.9 MultiAir engine to multi - fuelling
Autorzy:: Ambrozik, A.
Ambrozik, T.
Kurczyński, D.
Łagowski, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247877.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: combustion engines
fuels
fuel supply system
liquefied petroleum gas
natural gas
Opis:: The development of human civilisation has always been related to an increase in energy demand. The growth of transportation and an increase in the number of automobile vehicles in service produce a rising demand for fuel. Before piston IC engine is replaced with a different effective power source, it is necessary to use gaseous fuels on a larger scale than ever before. The natural resources of gaseous fuels are estimated to be much higher than crude oil reserves. Additionally, engines can run on biogas, i.e. gaseous renewable fuel. The use of gaseous fuels means lowering the harmful effect engines produce on the natural environment. Multi-fuelling, i.e. switching from one fuel to another, could be an advantageous feature of automobile combustion engine, both from the user’s standpoint and with respect to environmental concerns. Gaseous fuels have desirable properties that are especially suitable for fuel of spark ignition engines. The paper presents the engine test bench constructed at the Laboratory of Heat Engines of the Kielce University of Technology. The test stand comprises modern spark ignition engine Fiat 0.9 MultiAir and the eddy-current brake. At the test stand, the engine was converted to fuelling with three fuels, namely petrol, LPG gas blends and compressed natural gas (CNG). The engine could run alternatively on the three fuels mentioned above. The stand is equipped with an external unit to control the engine work, which makes it possible to extend the range of the engine investigations.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 9-15
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: The impact of the share of CNG on the combustion process in a dual-fuel compression-ignition engine with the common rail system
Autorzy:: Wierzbicki, S.
Śmieja, M.
Mikulski, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242699.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: natural gas
dual-fuel compression-ignition engine
Common Rail system
combustion process
Opis:: The struggle against global warming necessitates the search for new sources of energy, which limit the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Among various fuels used to supply energy nowadays, the importance of natural gas is constantly growing. This is caused by the fact that this fuel is characterised by the lowest share of coal among all fossil fuels. Because of its properties, natural gas can be used directly to power spark-ignition engines. The use of this fuel for compression-ignition engines on the other hand is limited due to the high autoignition temperature of methane. Currently, research is being conducted in numerous centres on the possibility of using fuel gases to power CI engines operating in a dual-fuel system. The present article discusses the impact of the share of CNG in the supply dose on the operation of a CI engine. An engine with the Common Rail injection system programmed for mono-fuel operation was used in the research. Based on the conducted tests it has been proved that supplying this type of engine with fuel gas considerably changes the course of the combustion process, which is caused by the fact that the gas and air mixture present in the combustion chamber starts burning now of the autoignition of the first portion of liquid fuel. The obtained test results confirm the necessity to change the injection parameters of the pilot dose of diesel fuel (the timing angle of injection and the pressure of fuel) in cases when this type of engine operates in a dual-fuel system.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 2; 415-422
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: The effect of combustion of natural gas with 21–29% O₂/CO₂/N₂mixtures on emission of carbon monoxide
Wpływ spalania gazu ziemnego w mieszankach 21–29% O2/CO2/N2 na emisję monotlenku węgla
Autorzy:: Kalicka, Z.
Jerzak, W.
Kawecka-Cebula, E.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204616.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: oxy combustion
natural gas
CO emission
gaz ziemny
spalanie gazu ziemnego
emisja monotlenku węgla
Opis:: Natural gas combustion was carried out in air enriched with oxygen in the amount of 25 and 29% with addition of CO₂ in place of part of nitrogen. The research was carried out at different flow rates of gas and oxygen excess ratios. The concentration of CO and NOx was analyzed. It has not been proved that the increased oxygen concentration influences significantly the CO concentration. However, the addition of CO₂ caused a substantial variability of CO concentration in the exhaust gas, in contrast to the concentration of NO_x which decreased monotonically. Model calculations, performed with use of FactSage, indicate an increase in the concentration of CO not only for the air enriched with oxygen, but after adding CO₂ too, as well.
Przeprowadzono spalanie gazu ziemnego w powietrzu wzbogaconym w tlen w ilości 25 i 29% z dodatkiem CO₂ w miejsce części azotu. Badania prowadzono przy różnych przepływach gazu i współczynnikach nadmiaru tlenu. Analizowano stężenie CO oraz NO_x. Nie stwierdzono, by zwiększone stężenie tlenu wpłynęło w sposób znaczący na stężenie CO. Natomiast dodatek CO₂ spowodował znaczną zmienność stężenia CO w spalinach, w przeciwieństwie do stężenia NO_x, które spadało monotonicznie. Obliczenia modelowe, przeprowadzone przy pomocy FactSage, wskazują na wzrost stężenia CO nie tylko dla powietrza wzbogaconego w tlen, ale także po dodaniu CO₂.
Źródło:: Archives of Environmental Protection; 2013, 39, 4; 93-103
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Influences of the pre-chamber orifices on the combustion behavior in a constant volume chamber simulating pre-chamber type medium-speed gas engines
Autorzy:: Wakasugi, Takuya
Tsuru, Daisuke
Tashima, Hiroshi
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202520.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: gas engine
prechamber
torch flame
combustion visualization
natural gas
silniki gazowe
komora wstępna
płomień palnika
wizualizacja spalania
gaz ziemny
Opis:: The study aims to clarify the influence of pre-chamber (PC) configurations on the combustion process in the main chamber (MC) of medium-speed spark-ignition gas engines equipped with an active PC. A constant volume combustion chamber was prepared to simulate the chamber configurations of the gas engines. A high-speed shadowgraph was applied to visualize the torch flame development and the combustion process in the MC. Experiments were done by changing the charged gas in the MC, the number, and the diameter of the PC orifices. Combustion was most accelerated when the PC orifice configuration was set appropriately so that the adjacent torch flames would combine with each other. It was also found that the unburned mixture in the PC, which ejected prior to the torch flame, supported the penetration of the torch flame.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2022, 61, 4; 66--76
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Ecological indicators of the perkins 1104D-e44TA engine after its adaptation for being powered with natural gas and diesel fuel
Autorzy:: Kurczyński, D.
Łagowski, P.
Warianek, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244009.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: piston combustion engines
engine fuels
harmful exhaust gases components
bi-fuelling
natural gas
experimental tests
Opis:: The contemporary progress of automotive industry and transportation is determined to a large extent by the increasing environmental requirements, aimed at limiting the harmful impact of vehicles upon human life and people’s health. A crucial issue linked with operating vehicles is the exhaust gases generated by internal combustion engines. In order to reduce this hazardous impact upon the natural environment, the construction of the engines is continuously improved, electronic controlling is being developed for managing the course of working processes taking place in cylinders and auxiliary systems, exhaust gases cleaning systems are being developed, alternative fuels are being sought for and the possibilities of their optimal use are being examined. Natural gas is the fuel that is highly expected and hoped to be used more widely for powering internal combustion engines in vehicles. This article presents the values of selected ecological indicators of the Perkins 1104D-E44TA Diesel engine, powered by compressed natural gas and Diesel fuel (CNG + ON). For comparison reasons, the engine was powered with both fuels at the same time and then only by Diesel fuel (ON) in the same working conditions. Before the tests, the powering system control unit had been calibrated so as to enable obtaining similar values of torque while the engine was powered with the Diesel fuel only and with both CNG and ON while working with external speed characteristics; the calibration was also set up to allow for the maximum share of the natural gas in the total fuel amount supplied into the engine cylinders without engine knocking. When powering the engine with both CNG and Diesel fuel, the concentration levels of nitric oxides and carbon dioxide in exhaust gases were lower. However, the total content of hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases grew multiple times, and the content of the carbon monoxide was significantly increased. In addition, the obtained measurement results of the smokiness of the exhaust gases and the content of the soot with the engine powered with two fuels were not satisfactory.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 3; 143-150
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Analysis of the uniqueness of the combustion process of the Perkins 1104D-E44TA engine in dual-fuel operation powered by natural gas and diesel fuel
Autorzy:: Kurczyński, Dariusz
Warianek, Michał
Łagowski, Piotr
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133745.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: dual-fuel
natural gas
combustion process
indicator diagram
uniqueness of combustion process
gazodiesel
gaz ziemny
proces spalania
wykres indykatorowy
niepowtarzalność procesu spalania
Opis:: The paper presents the results of the research on the uniqueness of the combustion process in the Perkins 1104D-E44TA engine already equipped with a Common Rail injection system, and then adapted on an engine test stand to dual-fuel operation. The result of the combustion process is an indicator diagram. The combustion process in the cylinder of the tested engine was evaluated by determining the uniqueness indicators of subsequent operating cycles, such as: the uniqueness indicator for the maximum pressure of the operating cycle, the uniqueness indicator for the mean indicated pressure, the uniqueness indicator for the indicated diagram and the uniqueness indicator for the partial indicator diagram. The conducted tests and the analysis of the results showed the impact of dual-fuel power supply of the tested engine on the combustion process, as compared to supplying the engine only with diesel fuel, for which it has been optimized.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 2; 156-164
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Effect of the proportion of natural gas in the feeding dose on the combustion process in a self-ignition engine with a Common Rail fuel system
Wpływ udziału gazu ziemnego w dawce zasilającej na przebieg spalania w silniku o zapłonie samoczynnym z układem zasilania typu Common Rail
Autorzy:: Wierzbicki, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/328762.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:: natural gas
self-ignition engine
combustion process
Common Rail system
gaz ziemny
silnik o zapłonie samoczynnym
przebieg procesu spalania
układ Common Rail
Opis:: Limited oil resources, combined with the need to stem the toxic emissions to the atmosphere, necessitate seeking alternative fuels for combustion engines. According to forecasts, natural gas will be one of those fuels whose importance is likely to increase in future. Because of its properties, natural gas can be used directly in spark-ignition engines. When natural gas is used as fuel in much more efficient self-ignition engines, it is necessary to use dual fuelling. This paper presents the effect of the proportion of natural gas in the feed dose on the course of the combustion process in a turbocharged self-ignition engine. The engine was controlled by the Common Rail fuel system, programmed for single-fuel operation.
Ograniczone zasoby ropy naftowej, a także konieczność ograniczenia emisji związków toksycznych do atmosfery wymuszają poszukiwanie alternatywnych paliw do silników spalinowych. Według prognoz jednym z paliw którego znaczenie w przyszłości będzie wzrastać jest gaz ziemny. Ze względu na właściwości gaz ziemny może być bezpośrednio wykorzystywany do zasilania silników o zapłonie iskrowym. W przypadku wykorzystania gazu ziemnego do zasilania znacznie sprawniejszych silników o zapłonie samoczynnym konieczne jest zastosowanie dwupaliwowego układu zasilania. W artykule przedstawiono wpływ udziału gazu ziemnego w dawce zasilającej na przebieg procesu spalania w turbodoładowanym silniku o zapłonie samoczynnym. W trakcie badań silnik był sterowany układem zasilania typu Common Rail oprogramowanym do pracy jednopaliwowej.
Źródło:: Diagnostyka; 2018, 19, 4; 65-70
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:: Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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