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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    External Factors Determining the Electoral Strategies of Political Parties in Multi-Level Systems
    Autorzy:
    Kosowska-Gąstoł, Beata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/642961.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
    Tematy:
    electoral strategies
    political parties
    multi-level system
    party organisation
    regionalisation
    Opis:
    This article identifies the factors which determine the electoral strategies of political parties in multi-level systems and describes how they can influence these strategies. It particularly focuses on the two aspects: regionalisation and “nationalisation” (centralisation) of the strategies. In the first case, state-wide parties allow their regional branches to develop their own strategies, in the second one – the regional strategies are dominated by the strategies of statewide parties. The article shows the features of political systems that foster each of these cases, especially the way in which a multi-layered system is created (bottom-up, top-down), the relations between the state authorities at central and regional levels (connected, separated), electoral systems and cycles.
    Źródło:
    The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2014, 1 (5)
    2299-4335
    Pojawia się w:
    The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A new methodology of accounting for uncertainty factors in multiple criteria decision making problems
    Autorzy:
    Kalika, V. I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308942.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    multiple criteria decision making
    uncertainty factors
    reasonable solutions
    multi-level hierarchical system of multi-variant computation series
    stable-optimal solutions
    scenarios
    Monte Carlo simulations
    Opis:
    A new approach is proposed to select a predetermined number of "reasonable" (the best in a certain sense) alternatives from the considerable (maybe a vast) set of initial alternatives according to an arbitrary number of optimization criteria and accounting for uncertainty factors. The approach is based on using a special intuitive methodology, developed to account for uncertainty factors when solving such multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) problems. This methodology is based on performing multi-variant computations (MVC) and finding their "stable-optimal" solutions, and it's realized as a multi-level hierarchical system of MVC series. It's possible to use this methodology for solving various real problems.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2004, 3; 44-56
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A model for assessing the regional land-use territorial development
    Autorzy:
    Mamonov, Kostiantyn
    Sklyar, Iurii
    Pilicheva, Maryna
    Kasyanov, Vladimir
    Shyshkin, Eduard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24524224.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    zagospodarowanie terenu
    analiza geofaktorów
    rozwój terytorialny
    territorial development
    land-use
    geofactor analyze
    integrated assessment
    multi-level diagnostic system
    Opis:
    It is proved that the regional land-use territorial development is influenced by many factors, so the study of the assessment of territorial development is an urgent task. As a result of generalization of theoretical and methodological provisions, the definition of regional land-use territorial development is given, which is characterized as a system category that defines permanent transformational changes and considers spatial, urban, environmental and investment factors and improves land-use efficiency. It is established that the existing methodological approaches to the assessment of territorial development of land-use do not have a comprehensive approach and consider only certain factors. For a comprehensive and comprehensive assessment of the level of territorial development of land-use, a model is proposed, which is based on the definition of an integrated indicator. The formation of the model includes the following main stages: geofactor analysis, formation of a multilevel system of indicators, assessment and establishment of the level of impact of the indicator, determination of integrated indicators for each factor, formation of a general integrated indicator of land-use, interpretation of results. The technological feasibility of the model is determined by the formation of a set of spatial, urban, investment and environmental factors, the construction of a multilevel diagnostic system of indicators, their evaluation based on modern methods and the development of mathematical models. To obtain actual spatial and cadastral data to assess the territorial development of land-use, it is advisable to use forms of administrative cadastral reporting and space images.
    Źródło:
    Geodesy and Cartography; 2021, 70, 2; art. no. e06
    2080-6736
    2300-2581
    Pojawia się w:
    Geodesy and Cartography
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Genetic algorithms based approach for transhipment hub location in urban areas
    Autorzy:
    Szczepański, E.
    Jacyna-Gołda, I.
    Murawski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224003.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    supply chain optimization
    genetic algorithm
    multi-level distribution system
    facilities location problem
    Vehicle Routing Problem - VRP
    optymalizacja
    łańcuch dostaw
    algorytm genetyczny
    dystrybucja wielopoziomowa
    lokalizacja obiektów
    Opis:
    Points of distribution, sales or service are important elements of the supply chain. These are the final elements which are responsible for proper functioning of the whole cargo distribution process. Proper location of these points in the transport network is essential to ensure the effectiveness and reliability of the supply chain. The location of these points is very important also from the consumers point of view. In this paper developed method of points location was present on the example of urban transport network. The developed approach is based on the Vehicle Routing Problem in the multistage distribution systems. The proposed method uses a genetic algorithm. Article also presents a mathematical model of delivery cost as a criterion function. The article presents an example calculations which illustrating the operation of the developed method.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport; 2014, 31, 3; 73-82
    0866-9546
    2300-8830
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Multi-level marketing as a business model
    Multi-level marketing jako model biznesu
    Autorzy:
    Gregor, Bogdan
    Wadlewski, Aron Axel
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/941525.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-03
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
    Tematy:
    binary system
    business
    distribution
    matrix system
    multi-level marketing
    sales network
    uni-level system
    marketing
    system binarny
    system matrycowy
    system uni-level
    dystrybucja
    sieć sprzedaży
    Opis:
    Multi-level marketing is a very popular business model in the Western countries. It is a kind of hybrid of the method of distribution of goods and the method of building a sales network. It is one of the safest (carries a very low risk) ways of conducting a business activity. The knowledge about functioning of this business model, both among theoreticians (scanty literature on the subject) and practitioners, is still insufficient in Poland. Thus, the presented paper has been prepared as — in the Authors’ opinion — it, at least infinitesimally, bridges the gap in the recognition of Multi-Level Marketing issues. The aim of the study was, first of all, to describe Multi-Level Marketing, to indicate practical benefits of this business model as well as to present basic systems of calculating a commission, which are used in marketing plans of companies. The discussion was based on the study of literature and the knowledge gained in the course of free-form interviews with the leaders of the sector.
    Multi-level marketing jest popularnym w krajach zachodnich modelem biznesu. Model ten jest swoistą hybrydą sposobu dystrybucji towarów oraz metodą budowania sieci sprzedaży. Jest jednym z najbardziej bezpiecznych (z uwagi na niskie ryzyko) sposobów prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej. Wiedza o funkcjonowaniu tego modelu biznesu, zarówno wśród teoretyków (uboga literatura przedmiotu) jak i praktyków, jest w Polsce ciągle niewystarczająca. Stąd też niniejsze opracowanie — w przeświadczeniu autorów – chociaż w minimalnym stopniu wypełnia istniejącą lukę w rozpoznaniu problematyki multi-level marketingu. Jego celem jest przede wszystkim przybliżenie istoty multi-level marketingu, wskazanie na praktyczne korzyści tego modelu biznesu oraz zaprezentowanie podstawowych systemów naliczania prowizji jakie występują w planach marketingowych firm. Rozważania oparto na studiach literaturowych oraz na wiedzy pozyskanej w trakcie przeprowadzonych wywiadów swobodnych z liderami firm tej branży.
    Źródło:
    Marketing Instytucji Naukowych i Badawczych; 2013, 1(7); 2-19
    2353-8414
    Pojawia się w:
    Marketing Instytucji Naukowych i Badawczych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Adaptive robust PID sliding control of a liquid level system based on multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization
    Autorzy:
    Mahmoodabadi, M. J.
    Taherkhorsandi, M.
    Talebipour, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/206697.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
    Tematy:
    sliding mode control
    PID control
    adaptive control
    genetic algorithm
    multi-objective optimization
    liquid level system
    Opis:
    Adaptive robust PID sliding mode control optimized by means of multi-objective genetic algorithm is presented in this paper to control a three-tank liquid level system with external disturbances. While PID constitutes a reliable and stable controller, when compared to sliding mode control (SMC); robustness and tracking performance of SMC are higher than those of the PID control. To use the unique features of both controllers, optimal sliding mode control is executed in terms of a supervisory controller to enhance the performance of optimal adaptive PID control and to provide the necessary control inputs. After the design of the control law, control coefficients of all four involved controllers are optimized by using the multi-objective genetic algorithm so as to minimize errors and the input of the controller. Simulations illustrate that the adaptive robust PID sliding controller based on multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization provides a superior response in comparison to the results obtained separately by PID control, sliding mode control, and adaptive PID control, respectively.
    Źródło:
    Control and Cybernetics; 2017, 46, 3; 227-246
    0324-8569
    Pojawia się w:
    Control and Cybernetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wireless communication for control of manipulation systems
    Autorzy:
    Belda, K.
    Rychnovský, V.
    Píša, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/229781.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    distributed mechatronic system
    model-based control
    multi-level control
    odometry
    optical sensors
    standard IEEE 802.15.4
    ZigBee protocol
    Opis:
    The paper deals with a novel application of the wireless data communication for a continual control of the distributed manipulation systems. The solution is intended for industrial robotic plants. A considered way of the wireless communication is based on ZigBee protocol. The protocol is tested for a real time bidirectional data communication within a manipulation system. The system consists of several moving manipulation units, several stationary auxiliary units and one control computer. The computer provides the cooperation of all units in the system in relation to the user requirements. The system is controlled by a simple feedback multi-level control realized in MATLAB - Simulink environment. The paper is focused on the realization of the boards of power electronics, transmitters, optical positional sensors, optical gates and their networking in accordance with ZigBee protocol definition. The behavior of the ZigBee is illustrated by several records from real experiments.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Control Sciences; 2012, 22, 1; 29-41
    1230-2384
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Control Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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