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    Tytuł:
    Advantages conferred by shock absorbers with cylindrical actuator application to landing gear
    Autorzy:
    Niculescu, A. I.
    Jankowski, A.
    Kowalski, M.
    Sireteanu, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247256.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    shock absorber
    cylindrical actuator
    simulation
    comfort
    load state
    vehicle protection
    pneumatic spring
    Opis:
    Shock absorber with cylindrical actuator is a new concept of integrated damper with floating device, in international patent application PCT/EP2016/061515, with wide application in road, rail and aerial vehicles. Comparative to the known solution with rubber sleeves or bellows, the new one is capable to work at more increased pressure being more compact and due to metallic cylinder is more reliable. The other important advantage consists of it applicability at any kind of shock absorber without any special preparation, the solution consisting of replacing the dust shield with a pneumatic cylinder sealed against rod with a gasket and sliding closed in the lower part by sealing element/s fitted in trough/troughs practiced in an annular body fastened against the outer cylinder. For a better behaviour the patent application contains and solutions with double sliding sealing working at high pressure and thus assuring enough floating forces to sustain the vehicle without standard metallic spring so it can be utilized successfully in aerial vehicles landing gear. By using displacement and pressure transducers and equipment of control and command, it becomes an active suspension. The paper presents the double sliding sealing solution and demonstrates, by simulation the advantages confer by this new solution of shock absorber with cylindrical actuator in landing gear. This purpose was realized a virtual suspension model on which simulated hard landing for vehicle load and unload states, for different pneumatic spring preloaded forces.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 1; 255-262
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Issue of changes in technical states of a Diesel engiene as the result of wear of its tribological systems
    Autorzy:
    Girtler, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359783.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
    Tematy:
    load
    technical state
    diesel engine
    wear
    Opis:
    The paper shows a necessity to consider the processes of load on and wear of tribological systems in Diesel engines (and therefore the changes in their states) in real conditions as random processes. This means that mathematical models for these processes can be random functions with an argument which is time (t) and with values which are random variables such as loads and wear of particular tribological systems. The load properties for the tribological systems have been presented as the main causes of their failures. It has been signaled that a stochastic dependence should be expected between mechanical load and thermal load, whose the intensity (force) can be defined by Czuprow’s convergence coefficient. A proposal has been submitted to accept that the tribological system load in Diesel engines is a stationary process with asymptotically independent increments. The reasons for this proposal have been presented in the form of relevant hypotheses and an exemplary graph of changes in pressure and temperature in an engine cylinder under operation. Also it has been signaled that the models of wear processes in tribological systems may be stochastic processes with special properties called semi-Markov processes. The wear properties for these systems have been explained in the form of relevant hypotheses.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2012, 31 (103); 77-82
    1733-8670
    2392-0378
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fatigue testing devices in a complex load condition
    Autorzy:
    Dudek, A.
    Papacz, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379235.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
    Tematy:
    research device
    fatigue life
    polymer matrix composite
    complex state of load
    urządzenie badawcze
    trwałość zmęczeniowa
    kompozyt polimerowy
    złożony stan obciążeń
    Opis:
    Purpose: The article presents an overview of fatigue testing devices for polymer composites in a complex load condition. This paper presents physically existing devices and which are in the design phase. Also presented are own concepts of the construction of such devices. The analysis of each device was completed with a description of its advantages and disadvantages. There are various constructor approaches to the problem of fatigue testing. The choice of the device depends on the research program adopted for implementation. Design/methodology/approach: The article presents the comparative analysis of individual devices. The authors presented their own proprietary designs of machines for fatigue tests in a complex load condition. Findings: It was found that the selection of the machine should provide restoration of real working reconstruction of the tested object. Originality/value: Specialist research machines are very expensive. Knowledge about technical solutions and potential capabilities of fatigue testing machines, and about the availability of such devices, allows for the best adjustment of the research program and the optimization of their costs. For designers of new machines, the submitted compendium of solutions may provide inspiration for improvements in the own constructions of subsequent generations of such devices.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Materials Science and Engineering; 2019, 95, 1; 20-30
    1897-2764
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of load capacity of roof trusses with imperfections and the issue of equivalent load adoption
    Problem właściwego przyjmowania obciążenia zastępczego w dachu z imperfekcjami
    Autorzy:
    Gremza, G.
    Zamorowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084028.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    truss imperfections
    equivalent load
    2nd order analysis
    limit state
    Opis:
    The internal forces and stresses were analyzed and utilization of the design resistance in selected members of the roof structure with local and global geometrical imperfections was evaluated. Values of these imperfections were based on the information given in the standards EN 1090-2 and EN 1993-1-1. Besides the basic reference model with imperfections, models without imperfections, with different equivalent load arrangements by the authors’ own concept and comparatively according to the standard EN 1993-1-1 were analyzed. The calculations were made using the 1st and the 2nd order analysis. Conclusion concerning accuracy of the internal forces estimation and limit states check by use the equivalent load system proposed in the standard EN 1993-1-1 are presented. Deficiencies in the provisions of this standard in terms of adopting equivalent loads in roof structures with imperfections, resulting in underestimation of the stresses in the bottom chords of the roof trusses, has been demonstrated.
    Źródło:
    Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura; 2021, 20, 1; 65-76
    1644-0633
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Friction heating and stress-strain state of ventilated disc brakes
    Autorzy:
    Holenko, Kostyantyn
    Dykha, Oleksandr
    Babak, Oleg
    Posonskiy, Sergiy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204250.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Centrum Badań Socjologicznych
    Tematy:
    brake discs
    thermal load
    stress-strain state
    safety
    stress
    heat flow
    Opis:
    This paper describes the study of ventilated car disc brakes stress-strain conditions and friction under the pressure using the ANSYS environment. Such influencing factors are taken into account in the course of research as angular speed value, the pressure of the pads on the disk, the nature of the load application, convection, thermal expansion, etc. Computer modelling of the stress field and the transient thermal field in the area of contact between the pads and the disk is provided by the method of sequential thermostructural communication of the intermediate states of the brake model directly in the ANSYS Coupled Field Transient environment. Besides, the ANSYS calculations were also performed based on the primitive assembly model of two steel blocks (the discrepancy was less than 3%) to determine the identity of the theoretical knowledge about the heating of bodies as a result of the work to overcome frictional forces. Finally, a high level of calculation results convergence by analytical formulas and computer modelling was established. Since this approach justified itself, its principles were taken as a basis in the calculations of ventilated disc brakes of cars, which significantly facilitates their application, knowing the area of the active part of the disc (the rest of the boundary conditions are typical and correspond to the normal operating modes of the vehicle).
    Źródło:
    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics; 2023, 8, 1; 43--52
    2520-2979
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Calorimetric studies of the energy deposition on a material surface by plasma jets generated with QSPA and MPC devices
    Autorzy:
    Chuvilo, A. A.
    Garkusha, I. E.
    Makhlaj, V. A.
    Petrov, Y. V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147706.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    quasi steady-state plasma accelerator (QSPA)
    energy density
    heat load
    plasma streams
    plasma-surface interaction
    Opis:
    Studies of the energy deposition by plasma jets incident on a material surface are of topical interest for both the fusion and plasma technology applications. In this paper the results are reported of a comparative study of plasma energy deposition on different material surfaces exposed to plasma jets of various duration and energy density, generated using the QSPA Kh-50 and the MPC devices. The spatial distribution of plasma energy density and the heat load on the surface were measured with a movable calorimeter. The measurements demonstrate that in the case of an exposure to QSPA plasma jets the absorbed heat load is approximately equal to 55-60% of the energy in the incident plasma jet. In the case of plasma jets generated using the MPC device the heat load on the target surface and was practically the same as for the QSPA jets, and additional shielding effects were found to be negligible due to the short duration of plasma jets.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 1; 49-53
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Reliability level of reinforced concrete members designed according to belarussian national annexes to structural Eurocodes
    Autorzy:
    Tur, V. V.
    Markouski, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/403193.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
    Tematy:
    reliability
    limit state
    partial factor
    load
    probabilistic model
    calibration
    niezawodność
    limit
    współczynnik częściowy
    obciążenie
    model probabilistyczny
    kalibrowanie
    Opis:
    The article presents the results of reliability analysis of reinforced concrete structures designed and built in accordance with design codes that are valid in Belarus. It is noted that such structures have different reliability levels as well as failure probabilities. Approaches to assessment actions on structures, which stated in European and Belarusian codes were analysed. It is shown that in most cases codes, which are used for designing of the existing structures do not meet the modern requirements for safety of structures. Additionally the results of reliability-based calibration of partial factors using in precast concrete members design are presented. The calibration resulted in the reduced value of partial factors for permanent loads on precast elements
    Źródło:
    Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska; 2018, 9, 4; 173-179
    2081-3279
    Pojawia się w:
    Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dynamic performance of estimator-based speed sensorless control of induction machines using extended and unscented Kalman filters
    Autorzy:
    Horváth, K.
    Kuslits, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193590.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    induction machine
    speed sensorless control
    field-oriented control
    FOC
    non-linear state estimation
    load torque estimation
    extended Kalman filter
    EKF
    unscented Kalman filter
    UKF
    Opis:
    This paper presents an estimator-based speed sensorless field-oriented control (FOC) method for induction machines, where the state estimator is based on a self-contained, non-linear model. This model characterises both the electrical and the mechanical behaviours of the machine and describes them with seven state variables. The state variables are estimated from the measured stator currents and from the known stator voltages by using an estimator algorithm. An important aspect is that one of the state variables is the load torque and, hence, it is also estimated by the estimator. Using this feature, the applied estimator-based speed sensorless control algorithm may be operated adequately besides varying load torque. In this work, two different variants of the control algorithm are developed based on the extended and the unscented Kalman filters (EKF, UKF) as state estimators. The dynamic performance of these variants is tested and compared using experiments and simulations. Results show that the variants have comparable performance in general, but the UKF-based control provides better performance if a stochastically varying load disturbance is present.
    Źródło:
    Power Electronics and Drives; 2018, 3, 38; 129-144
    2451-0262
    2543-4292
    Pojawia się w:
    Power Electronics and Drives
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Functional status of the central nervous system in girls aged 16-18 years old
    Stan funkcjonowania ośrodkowego układu nerwowego dziewcząt w wieku 16-18 lat
    Autorzy:
    Bosenko, A.
    Bobro, O.
    Topchii, M.
    Kholodov, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2053567.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej
    Tematy:
    central nervous system
    general functional state
    load
    youth period
    simple visualmotor reaction
    ośrodkowy układ nerwowy
    ogólny stan funkcjonowania
    obciążenie
    okres
    młodzieńczy
    prosta reakcja wzrokowo-ruchowa
    Opis:
    Background. The objective of the study was to explore the dynamics of the functional state of the central nervous system (CNS) and neurophysiological processes of girls 16-18 years old in the context of their transition to a new level of social organization. Material and methods. The functional state of the CNS was studied in girls 16-18 years old in a state of relative muscular rest through observation of visible motive reactions, Loskutova’s method, and in the fifth minute of renewal after the physical loading with variable power. Results. We found that 17 year-old girls had the best functional CNS capabilities. The reduced adaptive capacity of the CNS in 16 year-old girls is due to their necessity for adaptive reorganization of regulatory mechanisms to new social conditions: examinations and university entry. After physical activity, 16 and 18 year-old girls registered stress reactions, indicating decreased CNS adaptation. Conclusions. 17 year-old girls were observed at rest to have better CNS functionality compared to the other age groups. Analysis of the dynamics of the functional CNS states of 16–18 year-old girls after exercise resulted in the identification of two main reaction types: 1) reduction of the basic criteria at high initial values; 2) increase of criteria of a general functional state of a brain at low raw data.
    Wprowadzenie. Celem pracy było zbadanie zmian funkcjonowania ośrodkowego układu nerwowego oraz specyfiki procesów neurofizjologicznych u dziewcząt w wieku 16-18 lat w wyniku przejścia na nowy poziom organizacji społecznej. Materiał i metody. Stan funkcjonowania ośrodkowego układu nerwowego był badany u dziewcząt w wieku 16-18 lat na podstawie przestojów widocznych reakcji motywacyjnych metodą T. Loskutova w stanie relatywnego odpoczynku mięśniowego i w piątej minucie odnowy po obciążeniu fizycznym o zmiennej mocy. Wyniki. Wyniki badań wykazały, że dziewczęta w wieku 17 lat miały najlepsze możliwości funkcjonalne ośrodkowego układu nerwowego. Zmniejszenie zdolności adaptacyjnych ośrodkowego układu nerwowego u dziewcząt w wieku 16 lat wynika z konieczności reorganizacji i przystosowania mechanizmów regulacyjnych do nowych warunków społecznych: egzaminów i przyjęcia na uniwersytet. Po aktywności fizycznej u dziewcząt w wieku 16 i 18 lat zaobserwowano reakcję stresową, która wskazuje na obniżenie mechanizmów adaptacyjnych ośrodkowego układu nerwowego. Wnioski. U dziewcząt w wieku 17 lat w stanie odpoczynku zaobserwowano lepsze funkcjonowanie ośrodkowego układu nerwowego w porównaniu z innymi grupami wiekowymi. Analiza zmian w stanie funkcjonowania ośrodkowego układu nerwowego u dziewcząt w wieku 16-18 lat po wysiłku pozwoliła zidentyfikować dwa główne typy reakcji: 1) obniżenie podstawowych kryteriów przy wysokich wartościach początkowych; 2) wzrost kryteriów ogólnego stanu funkcjonowania mózgu przy niskich danych surowych.
    Źródło:
    Health Problems of Civilization; 2019, 13, 4; 279-286
    2353-6942
    2354-0265
    Pojawia się w:
    Health Problems of Civilization
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Numerical analysis of a serial connection of two staged SOFC stacks in a CHP system fed by methane using Aspen TECH
    Autorzy:
    Pianko-Oprych, Paulina
    Palus, Mateusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779502.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
    Tematy:
    Solid Oxide Fuel Cell stacks
    Combined Heat and Power system
    Balance of Plant
    BoP
    modelling
    methane
    Catalytic Partial Oxidation
    CPOx
    reformer
    steam reformer
    part and full load
    steady state
    dynamic model
    Opis:
    The objective of the study was to develop a steady-state system model in Aspen TECH using user-defined subroutines to predict the SOFC electrochemical performance. In order to achieve high overall fuel utilization and thus high electrical efficiency, a concept of Combined Heat and Power system with two-stage SOFC stacks of different number of cells was analyzed. The concept of two-stage SOFC stacks based system was developed in the framework of the FP7 EU-funded project STAGE-SOFC. The model was validated against data gathered during the operation of the proof-of-concept showing good agreement with the comparative simulation data. Following model validation, further simulations were performed for different values of fuel utilization to analyze its influence on system electrical performance. Simulation results showed that the concept of two-stage SOFC stacks configuration was viable and reliable. The model can be useful for development the optimal control strategy for system under safe conditions.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2019, 21, 1; 33-43
    1509-8117
    1899-4741
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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