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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Radiocarbon dating of fossil bats from Dobšina Ice Cave (Slovakia) and potential palaeoclimatic implications
    Autorzy:
    Gradziński, M.
    Hercman, H.
    Peresviet-Soltan, A.
    Zelinka, J.
    Jelonek, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973695.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
    Tematy:
    Little Ice Age
    Medieval Warm Period
    perennial cave ice
    Western Carpathians
    Opis:
    Although Dobšina Ice Cave (DIC, Carpathians, Slovakia) is located outside the high-mountain area, it hosts one of the most extensive blocks of perennial subterranean ice, the volume of which is estimated at more than 110,000 m3. Frozen bat remains were found in the lowermost part of the perennial ice block. They belong to Myotis blythii (Tomes) and the M. mystacinus morpho-group. The radiocarbon dating of bat soft tissues yielded ages of 1266–1074 cal. yr BP and 1173–969 cal. yr BP. The undetermined bat, found in the same part of the ice section in 2002, was previously dated at 1178–988 cal. yr BP (Clausen et al., 2007). The dates testify that the ice crystallized at the turn of the Dark Ages Cold Period and the Medieval Warm Period. The calculated accumulation rate of cave ice varies between 0.7 cm/year and 1.4 cm/year at that time, and is similar to the present ice accumulation rate in DIC. Constant crystallization of ice during the Medieval Warm Period is hypothesized to reflect dry summer seasons since the supply of relatively warm water in the summer is one of the key factors causing the erosion of cave ice. The uppermost sample was covered with 20.6 m of ice. Between ca 1065 cal. yr BP and the present day, the ice grew faster than between ca 1210 yr BP and ca 1065 yr BP by a factor of 1.3–1.8. This may have resulted from conditions favourable for ice accumulation during the Little Ice Age.
    Źródło:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2016, 86, 3; 341-350
    0208-9068
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An attempt to assess the modern and the Little Ice Age climatic snowline altitude in the Tatra Mountains
    Autorzy:
    Zasadni, J.
    Kłapyta, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294601.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
    Tematy:
    climatic snowline
    temperature-precipitation ELA
    Little Ice Age
    Tatra Mts.
    Opis:
    An empirical glacio-climatic relation (Ohmura et al., 1992) and meteorological data (temperature and precipitation) are employed to provide the elevation in the Tatra Mts. climate model, where conditions are suitable for hypothetical glacierisation (temperature-precipitation ELA). During the Little Ice Age (LIA) it is to have been 1.5 centigrade colder than during the warmest decades of the 20th century (Niedźwiedź, 2004); however, some scenarios are used to define precipitation amounts related to the vertical distribution in climate model and temporal variability. The results indicate that during both considered periods - the warmest decades of the 20th century and the coolest period of LIA - the climatic snowline (cSL) was placed in most cases above the highest Tatra Mts. summits and crests. However, its spatial arrangement was unequal. In the vicinity of Kasprowy Wierch, the modern cSL is assessed to be at ca. 2,450-2,650 m a.s.l. and that during LIA at ca. 2,300-2,450 m a.s.l. In the case of Lomnicky Štit (2,634 m) it was at the level of ca. 2,700–2,800 m a.s.l. (modern times) and ca. 2,600–2,700 m a.s.l. (LIA). The discrepancies in the cSL altitude between these two locations can be explained in part by exposition to the prevailing moisture transport and orographically-induced precipitation.
    Źródło:
    Landform Analysis; 2009, 10; 124-133
    1429-799X
    Pojawia się w:
    Landform Analysis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Post-“Little Ice Age” retreat rates of glaciers around Billefjorden in central Spitsbergen, Svalbard
    Autorzy:
    Rachlewicz, Grzegorz
    Szczuciński, Witold
    Ewertowski, Marek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051843.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Arctic
    Svalbard
    deglaciation
    retreat rate
    glacial geomorphology
    “Little Ice Age”
    Źródło:
    Polish Polar Research; 2007, 3; 159-186
    0138-0338
    2081-8262
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Polar Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Changes in relief of the Azau Valley in Central Caucasus Mts resulting from impact of volcanic activity and glaciers oscillations during the last 1100 years
    Autorzy:
    Łajczak, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294899.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
    Tematy:
    Azau Valley
    Caucasus Mts.
    glacier oscillation
    jökulhlaup effect
    Little Ice Age
    volcanic activity
    Opis:
    I analysed changes in the relief of the partly glaciated Azau Valley in the Central Caucasus, neighbouring to Elbrus volcanic cone (5643m a.s.l.) resulting from intensification of volcanic activity and valley glaciers’ oscillations during the last 1100 years. Field research, analysis of topographic maps and photographs from the last 140 years as well as information in literature were the basis for my work. I identified the most important geomorphological processes modelling the valley: a lava flow, floods of jökulhlaup type, glaciers’ transgressions and recessions, erosion of moraines and mass movements on the slopes. I distinguished eight sections of the Azau Valley varied in their relief and being under the differentiated influence of the listed geomorphological processes. The valley under question, represents the Alpine type area of typical cascade like transfer of waste material from the slope to the valley systems and further along its floor. Hanging tributary valleys on the Azau Valley slopes are valleys exporting waste material while the main valley functions as the valley importing waste material. In the period of absence of visible volcanic activity of Elbrus, the fastest changes in the Azau Valley relief take place during the recession of the valley and slope glaciers and of ice cap on this volcano. Findings proof interdependence of intensity of material aggradation in the valley and the amount of moraine deposits which can quickly erode and be transported to the stream channel, easily accessible weathered material derived from marginal ice-free areas as well as on the volume of ice melting water discharging great loads of sediment.
    Źródło:
    Landform Analysis; 2009, 11; 40-59
    1429-799X
    Pojawia się w:
    Landform Analysis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sedimentological features and depositional conditions of accumulative fans in the lower Serteyka River valley, Western Russia
    Autorzy:
    Piech, Wiktor
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2037000.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    slope processes
    deluvia
    denudation valleys
    erosion cuts
    sediment lithodynamics
    Late Weichselian
    Holocene
    Little Ice Age
    Opis:
    In the Serteyka River valley in western Russia, eight accumulative fans formed at the mouths of ravines were examined geologi-cally and geomorphologically. The test samples were collected from individual geological drillings made with a manual probe, as well as from excavations in the central and distal zones of the fans. Using the Gradistat program, sedimentological indicators were calculated, i.e. mean grain diameter (MZ), standard deviation (sorting – σI), skewness (SkI) and kurtosis (KG),and then particle-size distribution frequency curves, cumulative curves and a Passega C/M diagram were drawn. It has been documented that the grain size of the fan sediments depends on the characteristics of the source material. Analysis of sedimentological indicators (mean grain diameter, sorting, skewness, kurtosis) showed the studied fans deposits to have a large variability of erosion and accumulation conditions. For the deposits of younger fans, the 2nd system of the MZ-versus-σI relationship after Mycielska-Dowgiałło (1995) was distinguished, while for the older, the 2nd, 3rd and 4th systems were recognised. The main process of grain transport within these forms was saltation. The ravines on the eastern slope of the Serteyka valley were most likely created in the periglacial period, while the gullies on the western side of the valley developed in the early modern period.
    Źródło:
    Acta Geographica Lodziensia; 2021, 111; 159-188
    0065-1249
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Geographica Lodziensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Environmental changes in the central Baltic Sea during the past 1000 years: inferences from sedimentary records, hydrography and climate
    Autorzy:
    Leipe, T.
    Dippner, J.W.
    Hille, S.
    Voss, M.
    Christiansen, C.
    Bartholdy, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47746.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    bottom water anoxia
    sediment
    hydrography
    environment condition
    little ice age
    Baltic Sea
    modern warm period
    saline water
    environment change
    climate
    Gotland Basin
    Opis:
    Short sediment cores from the eastern Gotland Basin were investigated using a multi-proxy approach in order to reconstruct the environmental conditions of the area during the past 1000 years. Sediment data and facies were discussed in relation to hydrographic features (salinity, oxygen) and climate change. During the medieval warm period (MWP), from about 900 to 1250 AD, the hydrographic and environmental conditions were similar to those of the present time (modern warm period, since about 1850): a temporally stable halocline, caused by regular saline water inflows from the North Sea, prevents vertical mixing and leads to bottom water anoxia and the deposition of laminated, organic-rich sapropels. During the period from about 1250 to 1850, referred to as the cold phase (including the Little Ice Age), the environmental conditions of the central Baltic Sea were distinctly different: the lower salinity, resulting from reduced North Sea water inflows, allowed vertical convection of the water column and long-term stable ventilation of the sea bed (oxic stage). Both the productivity of the planktonic ecosystem as well as the preservation of organic matter in the sediments improved during the warm periods. The anthropogenic impact can be identified within the recent laminated sequence by a temporal reconstruction of pollutant deposition. Our findings imply a climate-change driven shift in the environmental conditions and the ecosystem of the Baltic from the north to the south and back to the north.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2008, 50, 1; 23-41
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Impact of Climate Change in the Little Ice Age on Mountain Communities of the 15th and 16th c. The Polish Carpathians: a Case Study
    Wpływ przemian klimatycznych w dobie małej epoki lodowej na społeczności gór w XV i XVI stuleciu. Przykład Karpat polskich
    Autorzy:
    Jawor, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33771972.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    Little Ice Age
    mountain farming and pastoralism
    Wallachian law
    migrations
    settlement
    mała epoka lodowa
    górskie rolnictwo i pasterstwo
    prawo wołoskie
    migracje
    osadnictwo
    Opis:
    The aim of this article is to trace reactions to the cooling of climate in the 15th and 16th century caused among the communities living in mountain areas, who were particularly affected by the consequences of this phenomenon. The Polish Carpathians are the subject of a detailed study here, but it would be tempting to compare the obtained results with research analyses of other mountain areas in the northern hemisphere. This work examines in detail the condition of settlement networks in the mountains in the abovementioned period, and it analyses their economic profile. Particular attention is given to rapid changes observed there, undoubtedly associated with the progressing climate cooling. At the same time, a crisis of an older settlement process based on agricultural activities was taking place. Its most evident symptoms were poverty and, as a consequence, the abandonment of villages by their residents and depopulation of entire settlements. On the other hand, this phenomenon was simultaneously accompanied by a progressing wave of new colonization, introducing a different economic model based on a skillful joining of pastoral activities with agriculture, as well as other tasks. It turned into an enormous success resulting in the settlement of hundreds of new villages in the 16th century. The sources refer to this process as „the settlement based on the Wallachian law”. It was initiated by immigrants from the Balkans, but soon its elements were adopted by the local population, primarily Ruthenian. This colonizing movement entailed deep transformations of social, ethnical, and religious nature in the examined area, the consequences of which are visible even today.
    Celem artykułu było prześledzenie reakcji na ochłodzenie klimatu w XV i XVI w. społeczności zamieszkujących szczególnie narażone na konsekwencje tego zjawiska obszary górskie. Przedmiotem szczegółowych obserwacji stał się teren Karpat polskich, lecz kuszącą perspektywą byłoby porównanie uzyskanych wyników z efektami badań innych obszarów górskich na półkuli północnej. W pracy analizie poddałem zwłaszcza stan sieci osadniczej w górach w badanym przedziale czasowym oraz dokonałem analizy ich profilu gospodarczego. Na szczególną uwagę zasługują obserwowane tam gwałtowne przemiany, bez wątpliwości powiązane z postępującym ochłodzeniem klimatu. Z jednej strony miał miejsce kryzys starszego osadnictwa opartego na zajęciach rolniczych. Jego najbardziej widocznymi symptomami była nędza a w konsekwencji opuszczanie wsi przez dotychczasowych mieszkańców i wyludnianie całych osad. Z drugiej strony zjawisku temu równocześnie towarzyszyła postępująca fala nowej kolonizacji, wprowadzająca odmienny model gospodarczy, oparty na umiejętnym łączeniu zajęć pasterskich z rolnictwem i innymi aktywnościami. Odniosła ona olbrzymi sukces mierzony powstaniem w XVI w. setek nowych wsi. W źródłach określa się ją jako „osadnictwo na prawie wołoskim”. Zainicjowali ją imigranci z Bałkanów, lecz wkrótce jej elementy przyswoiła miejscowa, głównie ruska ludność. Ten nurt kolonizacyjny pociągnął za sobą głębokie przemiany natury społecznej, etnicznej i religijnej na badanym obszarze, których konsekwencje widoczne są również współcześnie.
    Źródło:
    Res Historica; 2022, 54; 75-94
    2082-6060
    Pojawia się w:
    Res Historica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    When did the Little Ice Age end and the Recent Global Warming Startin Hungary? Late Reflections About a Scientific Faith Debate
    Autorzy:
    RÁCZ, Lajos
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081254.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    historia klimatu
    zmiany klimatyczne
    mała epoka lodowcowa
    basen karpacki
    globalne ocieplenie
    climate history
    climate change
    Little Ice Age
    Recent Global Warming
    Carpathian Basin
    Opis:
    We try to fi nd answer to the question: when did the Little Ice Age end and the Recent Global Warming start in Hungary? Based on the temperature time series of Budapest and data about the freezing of the Danube from the 1810s the cooling of the climate is perceiveable. The cool-cold and rainy climate system showed two centres of gravity during the 19th century, the fi rst in the 1830s and 1840s, the second in the last two decades of the 19th century. Furthermore, despite the rising of the temperature the climate remained mostly cool and wet until the 1940s. According to the global tendencies there is no obvious climate change trend, though the temperature became colder in decades’ average, but the fl uctuations were very hectic, as usual in transition periods. The diminution in the quantity of precipitation already started in the 1940s though, and proved to be stable. The breakthrough of the Recent Global Warming’s climate system became apparent from the 1980s based on the data of Budapest’s time series. That’s when the ’mediterranean climate-scissors’ opened, and the Danube’s basin became warmer and drier. Even if we examine the tendency of the temperature and precipitation changing in the 20th century separately, we can’t get a clear picture. The warming obviously shows from the last decade of the 19th century, but according to the researchers who are sceptic about Recent Global Warming we can’t use one of the biggest cooling downs in history that occured in the last third of the 19th century as a reference point. The climate regime that was signifi cantly more pluvial than the reference period lasted till the 1940s, and there are no signs of the climate becoming signifi cantly drier prior to the 1980s. If we consider the rise of temperature as the only indicator of the Global Warming, then the warming started in the last decades of the 19th century in Hungary as well. If we consider the decrease in the amount of precipitation to be decisive, then this process started in the 1940s, although there was no signifi cant drying tendency before the 1970s.
    Źródło:
    Historyka studia metodologiczne; 2016, 46; 197-208
    0073-277X
    Pojawia się w:
    Historyka studia metodologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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