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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Phase Evolution During Extraction and Recovery of Pure Nd from Magnet
    Autorzy:
    Rasheed, Mohammad Zarar
    Nam, Sun-Woo
    Lee, Sang-Hoon
    Park, Sang-Min
    Cho, Ju-Young
    Kim, Taek-Soo
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048880.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Liquid Metal Extraction
    rare earth recycling
    vacuum distillation
    phase transformation
    Opis:
    Liquid Metal Extraction process using molten Mg was carried out to obtain Nd-Mg alloys from Nd based permanent magnets at 900°C for 24 h. with a magnet to magnesium mass ratio of 1:10. Nd was successfully extracted from magnet into Mg resulting in ~4 wt.% Nd-Mg alloy. Nd was recovered from the obtained Nd-Mg alloys based on the difference in their vapor pressures using vacuum distillation. Vacuum distillation experiments were carried out at 800°C under vacuum of 2.67 Pa at various times for the recovery of high purity Nd. Nd having a purity of more than 99% was recovered at distillation time of 120 min and above. The phase transformations of the Nd-Mg alloy during the process, from Mg12Nd to α-Nd, were confirmed as per the phase diagram at different distillation times. Pure Nd was recovered as a result of two step recycling process; Liquid Metal Extraction followed by Vacuum Distillation.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 4; 1001-1005
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Magnet Scrap Size on the Extraction Behavior of Heavy Rare Earth Elements by Liquid Metal Extraction
    Autorzy:
    Nam, Sun-Woo
    Rasheed, Mohammad Zarar
    Park, Sang-Min
    Lee, Sang-Hoon
    Kim, Do-Hyang
    Kim, Taek-Soo
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355705.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    liquid metal extraction
    rare earth elements
    recycling
    oxidation
    magnet scrap
    Opis:
    Liquid metal extraction (LME) process results in 100% neodymium (Nd) extraction but the highest extraction efficiency reportedfor Dysprosium (Dy) so far is 74%. Oxidation of Dy is the major limiting factor for incomplete Dy extraction. In order to enhance the extraction efficiency and to further investigate the limiting factors for incomplete extraction, experiments were carried out on six different particle sizes of under 200 μm, 200-300 μm, 300-700 μm, 700-1000 μm, 1000-2000 μm and over 2000 μm at 900°C with magnesium-to-magnet scrap ratio of 15:1 for 6, 24 and 48 hours, respectively. This research identified Dy2 Fe17 in addition toDy2 O3 phase to be responsible for incomplete extraction. The relationship between Dy2 Fe17 and Dy2O3 phase was investigated, and the overall extraction efficiency of Dy was enhanced to 97%.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 4; 1273-1276
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Mg Ratio on the Extraction of Dy from (Nd,Dy)-Fe-B Permanent Magnet Using Liquid Mg
    Autorzy:
    Park, Sang-Min
    Nam, Sun-Woo
    Cho, Ju-Young
    Lee, Sang-Hoon
    Hyun, Seung-Keun
    Kim, Taek-Soo
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353657.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    dysprosium
    liquid metal extraction
    (Nd,Dy)-Fe-B magnet
    extraction behavior
    diffusion
    Opis:
    Recently, since the demand of rare earth permanent magnet for high temperature applications such as an electric motor has increased, dysprosium (Dy), a heavy rare earth element, is becoming important due to severe bias in its production. To fulfillthe increasing need of Dy, recycling offers as a promising alternative. In recycling of rare earths, Hydro-metallurgical extraction method is mainly used however it has adverse environmental effects. Liquid metal extraction on the other hand, is an eco-friendly and simple method as far as the reduction of rare earth metal oxide is concerned. Therefore, liquid metal extraction was studied in this research as an alternative to the hydro-metallurgical recycling method. Magnesium (Mg) is selected as solvent metal because it doesn’t form intermetallic compounds with Fe, B and has a low melting and low boiling point. Extraction behavior of Dy in (Nd,Dy)-Fe-B magnet is observed and effect of Mg ratio on extraction of Dy is confirmed.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 4; 1281-1285
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Welded joint cracking in martensitic stainless steel precipitation-sthregthened with copper
    Pękanie złącz spawanych stali nierdzewnej martenzytycznej utwardzanej wydzieleniowo miedzią
    Autorzy:
    Ziewiec, A.
    Czech, J.
    Tasak, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356169.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    17-4PH grade
    Weldability Testing
    copper
    liquid metal embrittlement
    stainless steel
    GTAW
    fracture
    Opis:
    Problem of welded joint cracking in the HAZ of Cu strengthened 17-4PH grade precipitation hardening martensitic stainless steel is presented. Hypothesis concerning hydrogen embrittlement origin of the cracks is opposed. It was concluded that the cracks located in the high-temperature zone of the HAZ exhibit characteristics of hot cracks which originated as a result of steel embrittlement in the presence of Cu rich liquid phase. The mechanism of steel surface enrichment in Cu is proposed. Practical methods of cracks elimination are presented.
    W artykule przedstawiono problem pękania w strefie wpływu ciepła stali nierdzewnej martenzytycznej utwardzanej wydzieleniowo miedzią. Podważono literaturowe informacje wskazując, ze sa to pęknięcia zimne spowodowane kruchością wodorowa. Stwierdzono, ze pęknięcia zlokalizowane w wysokotemperaturowym obszarze SWC maja charakter pęknięć gorących i powstały w wyniku kruchości stali w obecności cieczy bogatej w miedz. Wyjaśniono mechanizm wzbogacania się powierzchni stali w miedz oraz podano technologiczny sposób eliminacji pęknięć.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2012, 57, 4; 1055-1061
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Influence of Riser Shape on Feeding Effectiveness of Solidifying Casting
    Autorzy:
    Sowa, L.
    Skrzypczak, T.
    Kwiatoń, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383146.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    solidification process
    castings defects
    numerical simulation
    liquid metal flow
    proces krzepnięcia
    wady odlewów
    symulacja numeryczna
    przepływ ciekłego metalu
    Opis:
    The mathematical model and numerical simulations of the solidification of a cylindrical shaped casting, which take into account the process of filling the mould cavity by liquid metal and feeding the casting through the riser during its solidification, are presented in the paper. Mutual dependence of thermal and flow phenomena were taken into account because have an essential influence on solidification process. The effect of the riser shape on the effectiveness of feeding of the solidifying casting was determined. In order to obtain the casting without shrinkage defects, an appropriate selection of riser shape was made, which is important for foundry practice. Numerical calculations of the solidification process of system consisting of the casting and the conical or cylindrical riser were carried out. The velocity fields have been obtained from the solution of momentum equations and continuity equation, while temperature fields from solving the equation of heat conductivity containing the convection term. Changes in thermo-physical parameters as a function of temperature were considered. The finite element method (FEM) was used to solve the problem.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 4; 91-94
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Microstructure of AlSi9Cu3 Alloy after Different Stages of Liquid Metal Preparation
    Autorzy:
    Poloczek, Ł.
    Dybowski, B.
    Łuszczak, M.
    Kiełbus, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380869.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    metallography
    alloy Al-Si-Cu
    microstructure
    scrap
    liquid metal treatment
    metalografia
    stop Al-Si-Cu
    złom
    obróbka metalu ciekłego
    Opis:
    Aluminium alloys are one of the most important casting alloys. Among them, the Al-Si alloys comprise perhaps the most important group – about 80% of the aluminium casts are made of them. These materials are characterized by a very good technological properties, good corrosion resistance and tribological properties. Their main disadvantage is, however, presence of the massive, brittle silicon crystals. They significantly affect alloys mechanical properties. Liquid metal treatment is essential for modification of Al-Si eutectic structure. The following work presents results of the research on the microstructure of the AlSi9Cu3 alloy after different stages of liquid metal preparation. Three casting processes have been conducted, chemical composition of the material in each case was in agreement with EN 1706 specification. During each casting process, three specimens were gravity cast: first, made from pure ingots; second, after the scrap addition and third one after the liquid metal treatment. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the microstructure was done on each specimen. Specimens cast from pure ingots are characterized by a refined Al-Si eutectic microstructure. After scrap addition, the silicon crystals became morphology of the massive platelets. What is more, intermetallic phases observed within the structure posses different morphologies after different stages of liquid metal preparation. After scrap addition, increased gas porosity was observed. Liquid metal treatment reduced slightly the formation of gas pores.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 1 spec.; 89-92
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Selected grades of steel as rheologically defined liquid bodies
    Wybrane gatunki stali jako ciecze definiowane reologicznie
    Autorzy:
    Korolczuk-Hejnak, M.
    Migas, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355045.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    ciekły metal
    analiza reologiczna
    ciecze definiowane reologicznie
    rheology
    viscosity
    liquid steel
    Opis:
    In many processes liquid metal is subjected to dynamic forces, e.g. dynamics of the electric arc, dripping of pig iron in a blast furnace in counter current with reducing gas, in a continuous casting process - dynamic phenomena during flow and crystallization. Values of rheological parameters in these real processes are, so far, very difficult to measure. And thus the influence of the dynamics of these factors: liquid shear rate, time of force action, its value and direction are neglected. In this work the authors analyzed, from the rheological point of view, some selected typical types of steel: 90CrV6, DHQ3, 34CrNiMo, produced in an electric arc furnace. Measurements were taken using a high temperature rheometer FRS1600 in the range of liquid and under-liquid temperatures for changing shear rates and different times of shear stress impact on the liquid system. The measured rheological characteristics allowed us to conclude that the investigated steels show relationships between shear rate and time when the liquid steel was under the influence of the dynamic forces.
    W wielu procesach ciekły metal poddawany jest działaniu siły dynamicznej, m.in. dynamiki działania łuku elektrycznego, ściekania surówki w wielkim piecu w przeciwprądzie z gazem redukcyjnym, COS - zjawisk dynamicznych w trakcie przepływu i krystalizacji. Wartości parametrów, które można traktować jako reologiczne w tych procesach rzeczywistych są jak do tej pory bardzo trudno mierzalne. A co za tym idzie, wpływ dynamiki działania tych czynników: szybkości ścinania cieczy, czasu działania siły, jej wartości i kierunku jest zaniedbywany. Poddano analizie reologicznej wybrane typowe gatunki stali: 90CrV6, DHQ3, 34CrNiMo, wytapiane w elektrycznym piecu łukowym. Badania przeprowadzono na reometrze wysokotemperaturowym FRS1600 w zakresie temperatur likwidus i poniżej likwidus dla różnych wartości szybkości ścinania i różnych czasów oddziaływania naprężenia ścinającego na ciekły układ. Wykonano charakterystyki reologiczne, które pozwalają stwierdzić, że analizowane stale wykazują zależności od szybkości ścinania i czasu, w którym poddajemy ciekła stal działaniu sił dynamicznych.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2012, 57, 2; 583-591
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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