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    Tytuł:
    The Polish Peasant and the Sixth Life Course Principle
    Autorzy:
    Liao, Tim F.
    Hronis, Carolyn A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929439.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007-09-21
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    life course
    The Polish Peasant
    William I. Thomas
    Florian Znaniecki
    life course tempo
    historical sociology
    Opis:
    In life course studies five principles guide social science researchers: (1) the principle of human development and aging, (2) the principle of human agency, (3) the principle of historical time and space, (4) the principle of timing, and (5) the principle of linked lives. We propose a sixth principle: life course tempo explicitly depends on other life course principles especially the external principles of (2), (3), and (5). Tempo changes may have sociological and psychological consequences. To demonstrate the sixth principle at work, we analyze a sample of the peasant letters both to and from America in Thomas and Znaniecki’s The Polish Peasant in Europe and America, the pioneer life history study of Polish immigrants in early 20th century. Two types of tempo change in transition into first marriage are evident in the letters, waiting/postponement and haste, which resulted from changed historical time and space and reorganized human agency of the immigrants. Thus, this research is inspired by Thomas and Znaniecki’s work on the Polish peasant and Znaniecki’s methodology and in turn uses the Polish peasant letters as data.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2007, 158, 2; 173-186
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Dark Side of Agency: A Life Course Exploration of Agency among White, Rural, and Impoverished Residents of New York State
    Autorzy:
    Obernesser, Laura
    Seale, Elizabeth
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32222634.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Agency
    Family
    Life Course
    Rural
    Poverty
    Opis:
    This study examines how people who have been constrained by extreme or chronic poverty, rural location, and adversity in interpersonal relationships make decisions and engage in agency through their narratives and everyday experiences. As a social scientific concept, the agency indicates the intentional behavior of individuals in the context of their environments, relations, and situations. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were collected with sixteen participants in rural south-central New York state who were living in extreme and/or chronic poverty. While exercising agency is viewed as important to the upward mobility of families and individuals in poverty, our participants encountered not only complex contexts for doing so but, at times, engaged in rebellious or counterproductive forms of agency. Furthermore, family ideology, such as traditional family values, shaped the perceived possibilities for forming one’s life course. We find the structure-agency dichotomy less useful than a framework that incorporates additional sources of constraints on agency, such as embodiment and culture. We also encounter difficulty in applying the concept of agency to the experiences of our research participants in ways that point to the necessary reworking of the concept.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2024, 20, 2; 46-69
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Emerging Adulthood: An Intersectional Examination of the Changing Life Course
    Autorzy:
    Morimoto, Shauna A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1371761.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-11-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    emerging adulthood
    intersectional analysis
    life course
    adolescence
    Opis:
    This article draws on qualitative data of U.S. high school students considering their place in the adult world; the purpose is to investigate Jeffrey Arnett’s (2000) concept of “emerging adulthood” as a new stage of life course. Drawing on interviews and observational data collected around the time when Arnett’s notion of emerging adulthood started to take hold, I use intersectional interpretive lens in order to highlight how race and gender construct emerging adulthood as high school students move out of adolescence. I consider Arnett’s thesis twofold. First, when emerging adulthood is examined intersectionally, young people reveal that – rather than being distinct periods that can simply be prolonged, delayed, or even reached – life stages are fluid and constantly in flux. Second, since efforts to mitigate against uncertain futures characterizes the Millennial generation, I argue that the process of guarding against uncertainty reorders, questions or reconfigures the characteristics and stages that conventionally serve as markers of life course. I conclude that the identity exploration, indecision, and insecurity associated with emerging adulthood can also be understood as related to how the youth reveal and reshape the life course intersectionally.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej; 2019, 15, 4; 14-33
    1733-8069
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An Examination of Narratives From Women Offenders: Are Gender-Specific Reentry Efforts Needed?
    Autorzy:
    Koski, Susan V.
    Costanza, S. E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107027.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-01-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Gender
    Reentry
    Case Studies
    Life Course
    Social Bond
    Opis:
    In this article, data was gathered from interviews and observations using content and historical analysis of several women from a reentry program in Hartford, CT (n=32). Interviews illustrate that examining a gendered approach of female offenders provides an efficient foundation on which to answer the question of whether reentry programs are truly gender-specific. The needs of women are different than men and therefore there should be a difference in treatment upon reentry. Two main purposes are served: to investigate women’s narratives about the reason for criminal activity and to examine their specific needs for gender-specific reentry programming. The value of qualitative research in life trajectories is emphasized as a tool to understand gender-specific needs with a particular focus on the life course dimensions of entrance, success, and timing (Thornberry 1997).
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2015, 11, 1; 70-89
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Between Culture and Nature: Some Considerations on the Life History Perspective
    Autorzy:
    Zamorski, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20312130.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    life history
    microhistory
    life course theory
    quality analysis
    biographical studies
    Opis:
    Life history is a term usually assigned in the history of historiography to the Italian school of microhistory. In fact, it is a concept typical for the natural sciences in the case of which it is a framework focused on studies of life history strategies as well as life cycles. Life history analysis has become the subject of numerous studies around the world and has been gaining in popularity in social sciences. The author presents life history as a certain research perspective for historical studies which is capable of incorporating both natural and cultural approaches. He draws inspirations of the life history perspective from recent research into history of modern Poland.
    Źródło:
    Historyka studia metodologiczne; 2021, 51, Spec. iss.; 369-387
    0073-277X
    Pojawia się w:
    Historyka studia metodologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Caught in a Matrix of Factors: A Pilot Study of Female Retirees Receiving Below-Minimum Pension Payments
    Autorzy:
    Bieńkowski, Stefan
    Życzyńska-Ciołek, Danuta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32222605.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Below-Minimum Pension
    Retirement
    Employment Career
    Life Course Approach
    Polska
    Opis:
    Pension systems based on an insurance model were originally designed for male breadwinners who worked under permanent contracts without career breaks. Since their inception, women’s participation in the workforce has increased significantly, but on average, their employment career paths are still shorter and less linear compared to those that men enjoy. Demographic changes have prompted many countries to reform their pension systems to ensure long-term financial sustainability. And to varying degrees, such reforms also have looked to address the issue of short careers. In Poland, reforms introduced in 1999 brought about significant changes to the rules governing pension entitlement. That led to the emergence of a new category of retirees—those who had contributed to the pension system for a short period and consequently received very low pensions. This article provides an overview of an exploratory qualitative pilot study conducted in 2018 with nine women who were in receipt of benefits from the Polish universal pension system, which amounted to less than the so-called ‘lowest retirement pension’ being granted at that time. The analysis makes recourse to the concept of employment career and its connection to retirement to identify various life-course determinants that contributed to their situation. These factors include childhood and adolescent adversities that affected educational attainment; domestic and caregiving responsibilities coupled with cultural expectations and insufficient institutional support; the labor market situation, and the inability to document certain employment periods. The research material indicates that a significant portion of the work performed by the interviewees throughout their lives did not translate into a pension benefit, as it either involved unpaid domestic and caregiving duties; or work performed without formal contracts.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2023, 19, 3; 52-72
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Humor From The Perspective Of Positive Psychology. Implications For Research On Development In Adulthood
    Autorzy:
    Radomska, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430365.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    humor
    humor styles
    positive psychology
    virtues
    character strengths
    wisdom
    life course development
    Opis:
    The purpose of the article is the presentation of the ways that humor was understood within the current of positive psychology; the state and advances of research on the significance of this property in achieving and safeguarding a "good life” as well as the legitimacy and possibility of applying the theoretical and research approach devised by the mentioned orientation approaches to issues connected with humor to the field of developmental psychology during the life course. A conceptualisation of humor was presented as a character strength comprising the virtue of transcendence in the approach of Peterson and Seligman, a composite of wisdom in the concept of Webster and of a thinking style, experiencing and action in the theory of Martin. A review of research was then undertaken: humor as a virtue imbuing property; humor correlates understood from the perspective of positive psychology; manifestations of its regulative role and individual differences in humor as a resource contributing to individual growth. In the closing paragraphs a suggestion was formulated regarding humor research as a resource that supports positive development, namely, the fulfilment of developmental tasks, overcoming developmental crises and coping with problems connected with ageing.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2011, 42, 4; 215-225
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Risk of chronic diseases limiting longevity and healthy aging by lifestyle and socio-economic factors during the life-course – a narrative review
    Autorzy:
    Skýbová, Dagmar
    Šlachtová, Hana
    Tomášková, Hana
    Dalecká, Andrea
    Maďar, Rastislav
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087508.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-11-19
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    risk factors
    psychosocial determinants
    non-communicable disease
    life-course perspective
    social health inequalities
    clusters of risks
    Opis:
    The review provides a comprehensive summary of existing literature focusing on the most serious risk factors of non-communicable diseases and collects current knowledge on their distribution, determinants, clusters, psychological and socio-economic consequences. Especially, the life-course approach is stressed, early life consequences of the later onset of chronic diseases, the risk behavior and its social, socio-economic and psychosocial determination is reviewed. Potential of preventing these harmful consequences has a lifelong approach. The aim is to demonstrate the opportunity for future health system transformation in terms of public health prevention regarding the non-communicable diseases. It is concluded that personalized lifestyle medicine should address a patient’s health by empowering them with the information they need to regain control of their health. Preventive methods should be tailored for each patient, considering such patient’s specific genes, environment, lifestyle, early life factors and social patterns of risk factors to avoid burden of health in later age. Intervention and preventive measures should target not only to individual factors but should reflect wider social, psychosocial and socio-economic consequences. It is also crucial from the point of view of public health to consider data on exposome, which are not included in epidemiological studies as well as its impact on health in the context of non-communicable diseases. Med Pr. 2021;72(5):535–48
    Źródło:
    Medycyna Pracy; 2021, 72, 5; 535-548
    0465-5893
    2353-1339
    Pojawia się w:
    Medycyna Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    20 years on the path – the criminal careers of Polish juvenile girls
    20 lat na ścieżce – kariery kryminalne polskich nieletnich dziewcząt
    Autorzy:
    Woźniakowska-Fajst, Dagmara
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375486.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-09-28
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    juvenile delinquency
    juvenile girls
    criminal career
    life-course criminology
    gender
    developmental criminology
    przestępczość nieletnich
    nieletnie dziewczęta
    kariera kryminalna
    kryminologia drogi życiowej
    płeć
    kryminologia rozwojowa
    Opis:
    The ongoing research conducted at the Department of Criminology at the Institute of Law Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences into juvenile delinquency resulted in establishing a database of persons who appeared before family and juvenile court for a punishable offence before 2000. The database enabled the continuation of research into the fate of juvenile girls, including and offered a unique insight into the lives of those individuals who continued to break the law in their adulthood. Court files studies were the basis of the analysis of juvenile girls’ offending at the time. Since then, the convictions of the juveniles in question has been verified three times: in 2011 (, in 2016 (for the period 2011-2015) and in 2018 (for the years 2016 and 2017). 836 juvenile girls remained that qualified for the research covering the period 2017-2019. From among this group 167 females were convicted of a criminal offence as adults, which is every fifth juvenile female in the study. For the sake of the research the research team decided to do in-depth research on the group of women that committed at least three offences in their adulthood, for which they had at least two convictions. Such established framework yielded 64 records (7.7% of the total juveniles in the research).
    The ongoing research conducted at the Department of Criminology at the Institute of Law Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences into juvenile delinquency resulted in establishing a database of persons who appeared before family and juvenile court for a punishable offence before 2000. The database enabled the continuation of research into the fate of juvenile girls, including and offered a unique insight into the lives of those individuals who continued to break the law in their adulthood. Court files studies were the basis of the analysis of juvenile girls’ offending at the time. Since then, the convictions of the juveniles in question has been verified three times: in 2011 (, in 2016 (for the period 2011-2015) and in 2018 (for the years 2016 and 2017). 836 juvenile girls remained that qualified for the research covering the period 2017-2019. From among this group 167 females were convicted of a criminal offence as adults, which is every fifth juvenile female in the study. For the sake of the research the research team decided to do in-depth research on the group of women that committed at least three offences in their adulthood, for which they had at least two convictions. Such established framework yielded 64 records (7.7% of the total juveniles in the research).   Rezultatem badań nad przestępczością nieletnich, prowadzonych w Zakładzie Kryminologii Instytutu Nauk Prawnych PAN jest baza danych osób, które odpowiadały przed sądem dla nieletnich w roku 2000. Istnienie owej bazy daje unikalną możliwość kontynuacji badań dalszych losów nieletnich dziewcząt, wglądu w życie tych, które popełniały przestępstwa jako osoby dorosłe. Analiza przestępczości nieletnich dziewcząt została oparta na materiale zebranych w aktach sądowych i dotyczyła spraw, które trafiły do sądu dla nieletnich w roku 2000. Od tej pory ewentualne skazania kobiet z tej grupy zostały sprawdzone trzykrotnie: w latach 2011, 2016 (dla okresu 2011–2015) oraz w roku 2018 (dla okresu 2016–2017). Na 836 dziewcząt z pierwotnej bazy, 167 (czyli co piąta) było skazanych w dorosłości za popełnienie przestępstwa. Na potrzeby badań zespół badawczy zdecydował o pogłębionej analizie akt karnych kobiet, które jako dorosłe popełniły co najmniej trzy czyny, z które zostały skazane co najmniej dwukrotnie. Dotyczyło to 64 kobiet (7,7% wszystkich z pierwotnie badanej grupy).
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Kryminologii; 2020, XLII/1; 117-138
    0066-6890
    2719-4280
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Kryminologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Crime in the subsequent adult life of former juvenile offenders. Selected aspects of the impact of political transformation in Poland on a return to delinquency by adults who were juvenile delinquents in the 1980s and 2000s
    Przestępczość w losach życiowych dorosłych – dawnych nieletnich sprawców czynów karalnych. Wybrane aspekty wpływu transformacji ustrojowej w Polsce na powrotność do przestępczości nieletnich z lat 80. i 2000.
    Autorzy:
    Buczkowski, Konrad
    Wiktorska, Paulina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375547.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-06-15
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    juvenile
    crime
    long-term follow up studies
    developmental criminology
    life course criminology
    return to crime
    nieletni
    przestępczość
    badania katamnestyczne
    kryminologia rozwojowa
    kryminologia drogi życiowej
    powrotność do przestępstwa
    Opis:
    The article presents an analysis of repeated criminal activity by minors who committed criminal acts in the 1980s and in the year 2000. On the basis of long-term follow up studies carried out on representative groups, it presents the extent and nature of this type of crime, as well as the percentage of minors who continued their criminal activity. The source of data on the basis of which the analysis was made were answers to enquiries regarding criminal records in the the National Criminal Register. The comparison of the two generations of minors and their criminal career is interesting in the context of the social, political, economic and legal reality in which they began their criminal activity. Moreover, it is interesting to what extent the political transformation that took place in Poland at the turn of the 1980s/90s translated into repeating juvenile delinquency of the two generations brought up in different social realities. The thesis proposed by us assumes that the construction of a deviant identity is connected with a weakening in the social ties characteristic of the phenomenon of anomie, which accompanies sudden changes in our surrounding reality.
    The article presents an analysis of repeated criminal activity by minors who committed criminal acts in the 1980s and in the year 2000. On the basis of long-term follow up studies carried out on representative groups, it presents the extent and nature of this type of crime, as well as the percentage of minors who continued their criminal activity. The source of data on the basis of which the analysis was made were answers to enquiries regarding criminal records in the the National Criminal Register. The comparison of the two generations of minors and their criminal career is interesting in the context of the social, political, economic and legal reality in which they began their criminal activity. Moreover, it is interesting to what extent the political transformation that took place in Poland at the turn of the 1980s/90s translated into repeating juvenile delinquency of the two generations brought up in different social realities. The thesis proposed by us assumes that the construction of a deviant identity is connected with a weakening in the social ties characteristic of the phenomenon of anomie, which accompanies sudden changes in our surrounding reality.   Artykuł prezentuje analizę przestępczości powrotnej nieletnich, którzy popełnili czyny karalne w latach 80 – tych XX wieku i w roku 2000. W oparciu o przeprowadzone badania katamnestycznych, na reprezentatywnych grupach, przedstawia rozmiary i charakter tego rodzaju przestępczości, a także wskazuje, jaki odsetek nieletnich kontynuuje aktywność przestępczą. Źródłem danych w oparciu o które dokonano analizy były odpowiedzi na zapytania o karalność pochodzące z Krajowego Rejestru Karnego. Porównanie dwóch pokoleń nieletnich i ich utrzymywania się w przestępczości jest interesujące w kontekście rzeczywistości społecznej, politycznej, ekonomicznej i prawnej, w której rozpoczynali aktywność przestępczą. Interesującym ponadto jest fakt, w jakim zakresie transformacja ustrojowa, jaka dokonała się w Polsce na przełomie lat 80/90 XX wieku przełożyła się na charakter powrotnej przestępczości nieletnich z dwóch pokoleń wychowanych w innej rzeczywistości społecznej. Proponowana przez nas teza zakłada, że budowa tożsamości dewiacyjnej jest powiązana z osłabieniem więzi społecznych charakterystycznym dla zjawiska anomii, które towarzyszy gwałtownym przemianom otaczającej nas rzeczywistości.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Kryminologii; 2020, XLII/1; 97-115
    0066-6890
    2719-4280
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Kryminologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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