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Tytuł:
Towards Lexicon-Grammar Verbnets Through Lexical Ontologies
Autorzy:
Vetulani, Zygmunt
Vetulani, Grażyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31341273.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
lexical ontology
synonymy
valency structure
wordnet
PolNet
Lexicon-Grammar Verbnet
IT systems with language competence
Opis:
In this article, we present research directly inspired by the Princeton WordNet lexical ontology project (Miller, Fellbaum), which was a response to the real need for ontologies corresponding to the natural conceptualization common to all language users, within a given natural language, or within a specific sublanguage. Lexical ontologies for a given language or language subsystem determined by the scope of communication needs turn out to be useful and even necessary for constructing formal models of linguistic competence and, consequently, for designing and implementing AI systems with linguistic communicative competence, both passive and active. An important milestone of the research program presented in this work is the acquisition of tools in the form of extensive lexical ontologies of a new type, referred to in this work as Lexicon-Grammar Verbnets. In the article, we refer to the works of authors such as: Alain Colmerauer, Charles Fillmore, Christiane Fellbaum, Gaston Gross, Maurice Gross, Thomas R. Gruber, Richard Kittredge, George A. Miller, Martha Palmer, Kazimierz Polański, and Piek Vossen.
Źródło:
Neophilologica; 2023, 35; 1-32
0208-5550
2353-088X
Pojawia się w:
Neophilologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Instruction driven CPU in the FPGA structure
Autorzy:
Gracki, K.
Pawłowski, M.
Skorupski, A.
Szymański, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114606.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
processor
FPGA systems
VHDL language
Opis:
The paper presents the design of processors embedded in an FPGA structure. The type of processor is determined by the preset instruction list. Each instruction is implemented as one functional block attached to a common bus. The processor contains two additional blocks: one contains a common register block and second is responsible for the fetch of the instruction from the program memory. To design the processor, one can choose the instruction set from the library of instructions components. The library is a set of VHDL descriptions of all possible instructions.
Źródło:
Measurement Automation Monitoring; 2016, 62, 5; 169-171
2450-2855
Pojawia się w:
Measurement Automation Monitoring
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of optimization algorithms of connectionist temporal classifier for speech recognition system
Porównanie algorytmów optymalizacji klasyfikatora czasowego do systemu rozpoznawania mowy
Autorzy:
Amirgaliyev, Yedilkhan
Darkhan, Kuanyshbay
Shoiynbek, Aisultan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/408796.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
Tematy:
recurrent neural network
search method
acoustic
systems modeling language
rekurencyjna sieć neuronowa
metoda wyszukiwania
akustyka
język modelowania systemów
Opis:
This paper evaluates and compares the performances of three well-known optimization algorithms (Adagrad, Adam, Momentum) for faster training the neural network of CTC algorithm for speech recognition. For CTC algorithms recurrent neural network has been used, specifically Long- Short-Term memory. LSTM is effective and often used model. Data has been downloaded from VCTK corpus of Edinburgh University. The results of optimization algorithms have been evaluated by the Label error rate and CTC loss.
W artykule dokonano oceny i porównania wydajności trzech znanych algorytmów optymalizacyjnych (Adagrad, Adam, Momentum) w celu przyspieszenia treningu sieci neuronowej algorytmu CTC do rozpoznawania mowy. Dla algorytmów CTC wykorzystano rekurencyjną sieć neuronową, w szczególności LSTM, która jest efektywnym i często używanym modelem. Dane zostały pobrane z wydziału VCTK Uniwersytetu w Edynburgu. Wyniki algorytmów optymalizacyjnych zostały ocenione na podstawie wskaźników Label error i CTC loss.
Źródło:
Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska; 2019, 9, 3; 54-57
2083-0157
2391-6761
Pojawia się w:
Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A probabilistic model of Ancient Egyptian writing
Autorzy:
Nederhof, M.-J.
Rahman, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/103801.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Podstaw Informatyki PAN
Tematy:
Ancient Egyptian
writing systems
language models
Opis:
This article offers a formalization of how signs form words in Ancient Egyptian writing, for either hieroglyphic or hieratic texts. The formalization is in terms of a sequence of sign functions, which concurrently produce a sequence of signs and a sequence of phonemes. By involving a class of probabilistic automata, we can define the most likely sequence of sign functions that relates a given sequence of signs to a given sequence of phonemes. Experiments with two texts are discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of Language Modelling; 2017, 5, 1; 131-163
2299-856X
2299-8470
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Language Modelling
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reflections on complexity: TESOL researchers reflect on their experiences
Autorzy:
Kostoulas, Achilleas I.
Mercer, Sarah
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/783234.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
SLA
language learning
complex dynamics systems theory
Opis:
Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST), or complexity, is increasingly being used as a theoretical framework in Applied Linguistics. In this article, we present the reflections of researchers in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) about how they have made use of complexity in their work. The aim of this article is to take stock of how it is being used in the field, the challenges and benefits it provides, as well as inspiration for future work from this theoretical perspective. In the first part of the article, we present a concise overview of CDST, focusing specifically on three salient features: its holistic lens, its non-linear perspective on causality, and its focus on emergence and self-organisation. We also take stock of how complexity perspectives have been used to inform research in a variety of applied linguistics topics. We then move on to present narratives provided by nine academics who have employed CDST in their work, which we synthesise with a view to showing how the theory has gradually developed in TESOL. Early encounters of the field with CDST were usually serendipitous, but the theory has so far proved to be useful, both on account of its descriptive power and because of its phenomenological validity. A common theme in the narratives of these experiences of complexity researchers is that complexity is associated with a steep learning curve, compounded by terminological opacity, and conceptual challenges. However, their responses also indicate optimism regarding the potential of the theory to inform research in TESOL and applied linguistics more generally.
Źródło:
Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition; 2018, 4, 2
2450-5455
2451-2125
Pojawia się w:
Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The dynamism of strategic learning: Complexity theory in strategic L2 development
Autorzy:
Amerstorfer, Carmen M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780860.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
CDST
complex dynamic systems
complexity theory
dynamism
language learning strategies
strategic language learning
Opis:
Learners of foreign languages (L2s) apply strategies to support learning processes and L2 development. They select strategies according to their individual needs and preferences and adjust their strategic actions to suit situational circumstances and contextual conditions. A holistic investigation of strategic L2 learning processes requires the integration of numerous interconnected, flexibly-interacting influences, which are at constant interplay with each other and whose development is difficult to predict. Validated as effective in other fields of applied linguistics, complex dynamic systems theory (CDST) can also provide an appropriate frame for researching strategic L2 learning. Based on state-of-the-art methodological guidance for complexity research, this article presents the re-analysis of empirical data from a previous study through a complexity lens. It further examines the suitability of CDST in strategy research, explores its practical value, and demonstrates that a complexity perspective can generate new, profound information about strategic learning.
Źródło:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2020, 10, 1; 21-44
2083-5205
2084-1965
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Data warehouse design based on UML language
Autorzy:
Barczak, A.
Wolski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92946.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
data warehouses
rational unified process
IT systems
modeling IT systems
UML
Unified Modeling Language
Opis:
Modern management in organizations of the 21st century are efficient and dynamic decisions based on collected and well analyzed data. There are growing needs with regard of data analysis related to multiplanar work in corporations force formation of new data warehouses whose construction becomes more and more complex. In this paper we present one of the design methodologies applying to the design of data warehouses. Transformations were particularly emphasized that enable the application of UML models involving Common Warehouse Metamodel.
Źródło:
Studia Informatica : systems and information technology; 2008, 1(10); 37-48
1731-2264
Pojawia się w:
Studia Informatica : systems and information technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design of a Javanese Intelligent Tutor: an alternative to preserve endangered languages
Projekt inteligentnego tłumacza języka jawajskiego jako alternatywa dla zachowania zagrożonych języków
Autorzy:
Wibawa, A.P.
Nafalski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/159363.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Elektrotechniki
Tematy:
inteligentne systemy uczące
język jawajski
intelligent tutoring systems
Javanese language
Opis:
Language is a means of communication in writing and in speech, is important part of culture of every nation, and helps to maintain the history and civilization. The domination of languages such as English reduces the significance of local languages and makes them marginalised. Many research projects address endangered languages, in the attempted vitalisation methods and development of theireffectiveteaching methods. The article discusses Intelligent Tutoring System as applied to Artificial Javanese Intelligent Tutor (AJI-Tutor).
Język jest środkiem komunikacji w piśmie i w mowie. Jest ważną częścią kultury każdego narodu, służy zachowaniu historii i cywilizacji. Dominacja języków takich jak angielski zmniejsza znaczenie lokalnych języków i przyczynia się do ich marginalizacji. Wiele projektów badawczych adresuje zagrożone języki, w próbie ożywienia metod ich witalizacji i rozwoju metod ich nauczania. Artykuł omawia Intelligent Tutoring Systems w zastosowaniu do Artificial Javanese Intelligent Tutor (AJI Tutor).
Źródło:
Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki; 2010, 247; 25-36
0032-6216
Pojawia się w:
Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reconciled with complexity in research on cognitive systems
Autorzy:
Rączaszek-Leonardi, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/632638.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Projekt Avant
Tematy:
social sciences methodology
complexity
dynamical systems
in- ter-activity
language
Opis:
The causes of human behavior cannot be simple. Every move we make has a nested hierarchy of causes that affect its direction, timing and form. The billiard-ball type of causality that is usually assumed to explain human action cannot give sufficient justice to this complexity. In this paper, I point to those perspectives that respect the complexity of cognitive systems and recognize that cognition involves changes on many nested time scales and in many ne- sted systems. A brief overview of methods that are suitable for dealing with such interaction-dominant complex systems is presented and used as a back- ground for describing a specific research program with the aim of clarifying the role of language as one of the nested factors shaping cognition. I illustrate this endeavor with two studies: one concerning the development of language as interaction control and another detailing how language may shape cogni- tive processes on several timescales. Reconciliation with complexity leads us to ask slightly different questions and expect different answers than when using simplified componential models of cognition and helps demarcate the limits of predictability.
Źródło:
Avant; 2016, 7, 2
2082-6710
Pojawia się w:
Avant
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A drama of selves: Investigating teacher identity development from dialogical and complexity perspectives
Autorzy:
Henry, Alastair
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780435.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
language teacher identity
complex dynamic systems
dialogical self
practicum learning
Opis:
Identity is of increasing interest in teacher education. Crucial for resilience, the development of a coherent professional identity has been characterized as emerging from tensions between multiple and sometimes conflicting conceptions of what it means to be someone who teaches (Akkerman & Meijer, 2011). While light is being shed on these often antagonistic relations, less is known about the dynamics of identity formation and transformation. Providing a contribution to work on language teacher identity, in this single case study Hermans’ (2008) concept of the dialogical self is combined with complexity principles in an investigation of changes in the emerging professional identity of a pre-service English teacher during a practicum. Drawing on intra- and inter-personal data, experiences of learning to become a person who teaches English are conceptualized as a drama that is played out between different and sometimes unaligned selves. Analyses show how this inner drama maps onto the landscape of an emerging teacher identity, how tensions can be understood systemically, and how a teacher identity system can have a signature dynamic.
Źródło:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2019, 9, 2; 263-285
2083-5205
2084-1965
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Communication with Environment in Alvis Models
Autorzy:
Szpyrka, M.
Matyasik, P.
Mrówka, R.
Kotulski, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Alvis modelling language
embedded systems
formal verification
communication with environment
Opis:
Alvis is a modelling language defined for the design and a formal verification of embedded systems. An Alvis model is a system of agents that usually run concurrently, communicate one with another, compete for shared resources etc. Due to the fact that an embedded system usually collects inputs that come from its environment and provides outputs that go to the environment it is necessary to provide a mechanism to describe such a communication. In contrast to another formal languages used to model embedded systems it is not necessary, using Alvis, to design such an environment as a part of a model. The paper deals with the problem of modelling a communication with an embedded system environment with Alvis.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2012, 58, 3; 247-254
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Finding the key to successful L2 learning in groups and individuals
Autorzy:
Lowie, wander
van Dijk, Marijn
Chan, Huiping
Verspoor, Marjolijn
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780533.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
individual differences
second language development
complex dynamic systems
variability process study
Opis:
A large body studies into individual differences in second language learning has shown that success in second language learning is strongly affected by a set of relevant learner characteristics ranging from the age of onset to motivation, aptitude, and personality. Most studies have concentrated on a limited number of learner characteristics and have argued for the relative importance of some of these factors. Clearly, some learners are more successful than others, and it is tempting to try to find the factor or combination of factors that can crack the code to success. However, isolating one or several global individual characteristics can only give a partial explanation of success in second language learning. The limitation of this approach is that it only reflects on rather general personality characteristics of learners at one point in time, while both language development and the factors affecting it are instances of complex dynamic processes that develop over time. Factors that have been labelled as “individual differences” as well as the development of proficiency are characterized by nonlinear relationships in the time domain, due to which the rate of success cannot be simply deduced from a combination of factors. Moreover, in complex dynamic systems theory (CDST) literature it has been argued that a generalization about the interaction of variables across individuals is not warranted when we acknowledge that language development is essentially an individual process (Molenaar, 2015). In this paper, the viability of these generalizations is investigated by exploring the L2 development over time for two identical twins in Taiwan who can be expected to be highly similar in all respects, from their environment to their level of English proficiency, to their exposure to English, and to their individual differences. In spite of the striking similarities between these learners, the development of their L2 English over time was very different. Developmental patterns for spoken and written language even showed opposite tendencies. These observations underline the individual nature of the process of second language development.
Źródło:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2017, 7, 1; 127-148
2083-5205
2084-1965
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the fractal nature of complex syntax and the timescale problem
Autorzy:
Evans, D. Reid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1047063.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-05
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
complex dynamic systems theory
fractals
syntactic complexity
second language development
variability
Opis:
Fundamental to complex dynamic systems theory is the assumption that the recursive behavior of complex systems results in the generation of physical forms and dynamic processes that are self-similar and scale-invariant. Such fractal-like structures and the organismic benefit that they engender has been widely noted in physiology, biology, and medicine, yet discussions of the fractal-like nature of language have remained at the level of metaphor in applied linguistics. Motivated by the lack of empirical evidence supporting this assumption, the present study examines the extent to which the use and development of complex syntax in a learner of English as a second language demonstrate the characteristics of self-similarity and scale invariance at nested timescales. Findings suggest that the use and development of syntactic complexity are governed by fractal scaling as the dynamic relationship among the subconstructs of syntax maintain their complexity and variability across multiple temporal scales. Overall, fractal analysis appears to be a fruitful analytic tool when attempting to discern the dynamic relationships among the multiple component parts of complex systems as they interact over time.
Źródło:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2020, 10, 4; 697-721
2083-5205
2084-1965
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czech and Polish Analytic and Synthetic Anticausatives in Generative Morpho-Syntax
Autorzy:
Malicka-Kleparska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2020853.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Komisja Nauk Filologicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Oddział we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
Slavic languages
morpho-syntactic systems
anticausatives
derivational morphology
Czech language
morphology
Opis:
Polish and Czech superficially resemble each other in the area of the anticausative formations. Their systems of anticausatives subsume synthetic and analytic “reflexive” anticausatives formed with almost identical morphological elements. Many other properties of the systems coincide, as for instance the fact that the “reflexive” morpheme does not occupy an argument position and that all anticausatives can be modified by similar prepositional phrases. Nevertheless, while in Czech parallels can be observed between stem forming vowels and resultative adjective forming suffixes, in Polish the forms no longer coincide in the same way: Czech distinction between stem forming vowels signals the presence of structures of different complexities, i.e. unaccusative, simple structures, and unergative, complex structures, in Polish the morpho-syntactic division cuts across the morphological exponents as anticausatives of all types possess fairly uniform unaccusative structures, while some of them share exponents, but not behavior, with stative verbs. Consequently, no correlation between the type of stem and the structural complexity argued by Medová (2011) for Czech can be traced in Polish. When considered more closely, the two languages prove to have very different anticausative systems.
Źródło:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology; 2016, 5; 91-102
2299-7164
2353-3218
Pojawia się w:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
PAI/IB - agent-based Polish natural language interface to the control system of an intelligent building
PAI/IB - agentowy interfejs w języku naturalnym do systemu sterowania inteligentnym budynkiem
Autorzy:
Pechmann, P.
Czapiewski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/156102.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
interfejs w języku naturalnym
systemy agentowe
systemy zarządzania budynkiem
natural language interfaces
agent-based systems
building management systems
Opis:
One of the key aspects of building management systems is the possibility of easy and convenient control of different system components. Standard solutions available in commercial building management systems use either stationary devices, with the menu of a complex structure, or provide access only to the local parts of the system. Neither solution tend to be particularly convenient. An answer to the problem can be an interface based on the user's natural language queries and commands. This papers presents such a model, called PAI/IB, for Polish natural language.
Jedną z ważniejszych kwestii związanych z systemami zarządzania budynkiem jest zapewnienie wygodnego sposobu sterowania poszczególnymi składowymi systemu. Standardowo stosowane rozwiązania nie są zbyt wygodne, gdyż albo nie są mobilne i mają złożoną strukturę menu (terminale komputerowe), albo zapewniają dostęp wyłącznie do lokalnych składowych systemu (piloty). Rozwiązaniem pozbawionym tych wad wydaje się być sprzęg użytkownika bazujący na poleceniach i zapytaniach w języku naturalnym, umożliwiający swobodne wyrażanie poleceń zapewniających kontrolę nad wszystkimi składowymi budynku. W publikacji przedstawiono rozwiązanie tego typu opracowane dla języka polskiego i nazwane PAI/IB. Prezentowany model agentowy zakłada możliwość komunikacji lokalnej lub zdalnej za pośrednictwem różnych, dobrze znanych i łatwych w użyciu kanałów (głos, sms, komunikator internetowy, e-mail), także dwukierunkowej (polecenia, zapytania). System rozpoznaje żądania nieprecyzyjne i prowadzi dialog z użytkownikiem w celu ich doprecyzowania. Modularna architektura zapewnia możliwość integracji z systemem zarządzania budynkiem niezależnie od standardu, w jakim został zrealizowany oraz rozbudowę o nowe kanały komunikacyjne. Testy zrealizowanego prototypu potwierdziły skuteczność i funkcjonalność opracowanego modelu w zakresie wydawania poleceń i zapytań oraz poprawnej obsługi poleceń nieprecyzyjnych.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2009, R. 55, nr 10, 10; 851-855
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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