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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Freedom from fear
    Autorzy:
    Koba, Laura
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40406045.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    Freedom from fear
    human rights
    individual security
    flight from freedom
    Opis:
    Freedom from fear is one of the four freedoms (along with freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from want) that President Franklin D. Roosevelt presented first to the US Congress on 6 January 1941, and later to the entire world in the fight against Germany, Italy and Japan. They covered all areas of human life, guaranteeing security in the private and family spheres, in public life and in relations with other people and, above all, with any authority (especially the State). These freedoms became the basis of the human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, proclaimed on 10 December 1948, and other national and international documents. Freedom from fear has become a symbol of the protection of human rights and a guarantee of a safe life for every person everywhere in the world. The vast majority of conflicts in the world originate within national borders and their main victims are innocent civilians. States have a primary duty to protect everyone. They must create strong security instruments to prevent a repetition of the crimes of the Second World War. The quest for universal and individual security is constantly intertwined with new threats that grow with the development of civilisation, in particular through the evolution of technology and information. Today, we are also confronted with various aggressors - bandit states, cruel terrorists and populist governments on the verge of enslavement and incitement to violence. Education, cooperation, human rights and shared responsibility for others build respect for every human being - not only fellow citizens, but other people from distant parts of the global village. This shared responsibility began in the Congress of the United States of America on 6 January 1941.
    Źródło:
    Reality of Politics; 2023, 26; 45-57
    2082-3959
    Pojawia się w:
    Reality of Politics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Self-Constraint: Ethical Challenges for Contemporaneity
    Autorzy:
    Stachowska, Iwona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/903459.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
    Tematy:
    consumer choice
    degrowth
    “freedom to” consumption “freedom from” consumption self-constraint
    sustainable consumption voluntary simplicity
    Opis:
    The paper deals with issues related to self-constraint examined in the context of the social, environmental or economic threats and challenges generated by the contemporary civilization. The ability to limit one's own needs, and hence the issue of the reasonable use of goods is nothing new for ethics. However, after having realized the finite nature of natural resources, growing economic disproportions, and especially the exceeding consumption, that problem gains importance and calls for the recapitulation. The article, based on references to alternative models of consumers' behavior (sustainable consumption, voluntary simplicity) and sustainable strategies of development (degrowth), provides an argument why reflection on self-constraint is one of the critical areas of ethical reflection today. Self-constraint was presented as a voluntary, and individual approach of the moral agent towards other people and the natural environment.
    Źródło:
    Studies in Global Ethics and Global Education; 2016, 6; 30-41
    2392-0890
    Pojawia się w:
    Studies in Global Ethics and Global Education
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Neutrality in Austrias Foreign and Security Policy after the Cold War
    Autorzy:
    Popławski, Dariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558354.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
    Tematy:
    Austria;
    Perpetual Neutrality;
    Freedom from Alliances;
    Post-Neutrality;
    Foreign Policy;
    Security Policy;
    European Union;
    Opis:
    After the end of the Cold War, neutrality was redefi ned by adapting its functioning to the unprecedented changes in the international environment. This redefinition covered two key areas; the change in attitudes towards international conflicts and the rejection of the principles of economic neutrality. By joining the EU, Austria, as a perpetually neutral state, made a commitment to fully conform with its obligations arising from participating in the Common Foreign and Security Policy. The necessary changes to legal regulations have led to a departure from the principles of traditional neutrality and the actual change of international status to an alliance-free/post-neutral state. The main area of main Austrian political forces’ dispute within foreign and security policy was the recognition of the possibility of abandonment of neutrality and NATO membership. It remains unresolved as to whether the rejection of neutrality constitutes solely a legal and constitutional issue. At the same time, Austrian society, with its firm pro-European attitude, still shows a strong commitment to neutrality.
    Źródło:
    Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2020, 24, 2; 105-120
    1428-149X
    2719-3780
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Principle of Non-refoulment within the Deportation Procedure, Admission to the Country, Right to Life and the Freedom of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment According to the Turkish Legislation on Temporary Protection Regime
    Autorzy:
    Kuruçaylıoğlu, Joanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2032657.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    non-refoulement
    right to life
    freedom from torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
    temporary protection
    Opis:
    This article elaborates on the non-refoulement principle regarding deportation procedure, security, and entry to the country (Turkey) under the 2014 Temporary Protection Regulation, and the 2013 Law on Foreigners and International Protection. According to the document presented by the United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner “(…) the principle of non-refoulement guarantees that no one should be returned to a country where they would face torture, cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment and other irreparable harm. This principle applies to all migrants at all times, irrespective of migration status”.1 The rights of refugees and asylum seekers in mass influx situations are recognized by UNHCR Executive Committee resolutions and general international law.2 Thus, it is necessary to analyze the non-refoulement rule as inseparable part of globally accepted principles: the right to life and the freedom from torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. The article describes the development and violations of the said rule, focusing on the pertinent current Turkish legislation.
    Źródło:
    Studia Administracyjne; 2021, 14, 2; 31-44
    2080-5209
    2353-284X
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Administracyjne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Realizacja praktyk religijnych jako uzasadnionych potrzeb życiowych funkcjonariusza Służby Więziennej na przykładzie wyroku Sądu Rejonowego w Siedlcach z 13 marca 2019 roku, IV P 283/18
    Autorzy:
    Abramowicz, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20311604.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-10-31
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
    Tematy:
    accident on the way to or from work
    justified need for life
    religious freedom
    Opis:
    The District Court in Siedlce, 4th Department of Labor and Social Insurance, in the judgment of March 13, 2019, considered in the circumstances of the case that the participation in the holy mass of a Prison Service officer is his justified need for life, which justifies interrupting the way from work to home. The officer interrupted his drive home from work to attend a religious service. When assessing this situation, the court stated that the accident suffered by an officer after leaving a religious service while continuing his way home should be considered an accident on the way home from work. When examining the case, the court took into account the individual circumstances of the case, and did not focus only on examining the formal premises defining the concept of an accident on the way to or from work. In particular, the court assessed participation in a religious service as a vital need justifying a break on the way home from work. This is important for respecting the exercise of constitutional religious freedom.
    Źródło:
    Cybersecurity and Law; 2023, 10, 2; 405-413
    2658-1493
    Pojawia się w:
    Cybersecurity and Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Some Musings about William Hasker’s Philosophy of Mind
    Kilka przemyśleń na temat filozofii umysłu Williama Haskera
    Autorzy:
    Goetz, Stewart
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097280.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-03-31
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    przyczynowe działanie osoby
    argument z rozumu
    wolność libertariańska
    przyczynowość mentalna
    przyczynowość fizyczna
    wyjaśnienie celowościowe/teleologiczne
    agent causation
    argument from reason
    libertarian freedom
    mental causation
    physical causation
    purposeful/teleological explanation
    Opis:
    While William Hasker and I for the most part broadly agree in our opposition to much of the contemporary philosophical community concerning issues in the philosophy of mind that he discusses in his book, there are nevertheless seemingly some domestic disputes between him and me about certain matters concerning the nature of events involving the self. In this paper, I will focus on two of these disagreements. The first disagreement concerns Hasker’s treatment of what is widely known today as the argument from reason and whether the events involved in our reasoning are essentially causal or teleological in nature. The second disagreement is about Hasker’s account of libertarian freedom, and whether agent causation is required to explain our free choices.
    Pomimo tego, że autor zgadza się z Williamem Haskerem co do opozycji wobec wielu rozwiązań we współczesnej filozofii umysłu, istnieją między nimi pewne punkty sporne. W artykule autor omawia dwa z nich. Pierwszy dotyczy traktowania przez Haskera tego, co jest dziś powszechnie znane jako argument z rozumu, związany z zagadnieniem, czy rozumowania mają zasadniczo charakter przyczynowy czy teleologiczny. Drugi spór dotyczy poglądu Haskera na wolność libertariańską i tego, czy do wyjaśnienia naszych wolnych wyborów potrzebne jest odwołanie się do przyczynowości.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2022, 70, 1; 37-48
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The ‘Verdict Paradox’ and the Liar Paradox: How Logic Can Defend the Rule of Law. A Study of the Polish Constitutional Crisis
    Autorzy:
    Mazurkiewicz, Szymon
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200450.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Projekt Avant
    Tematy:
    Polish constitutional crisis
    Constitutional Tribunal verdict of 9th March 2016
    amendment to the Statute on the Constitutional Tribunal from 22nd December 2015
    verdict paradox
    Liar paradox
    logical contradiction
    constitutional contradiction
    political
    freedom guarantees
    Opis:
    This paper aims to present how logic may undermine a parliamentary assault on democratic institutions (representing legal guarantees of the rule of law and political freedom) based on the analysis conducted with reference to the so-called Polish constitutional crisis. I analyse whether a law can be reviewed on the basis of this law itself. The Polish Constitutional Tribunal faced such a problem while passing the verdict of 9th March, 2016, regarding the constitutionality of the amendment to the Statute on the Constitutional Tribunal from 22nd December, 2015. This problem, called a ‘verdict paradox’, was claimed to be a type of the Liar paradox. I argue that, contrary to the common view, the problem of the verdict paradox is not based on the Liar paradox; for this purpose, a logical analysis is applied to four variants of a reasoning with regard to the constitutionality of the said amendment. The distinction between two levels of analysis concerning emerging reasonings, namely an abstract (logical) level and a concrete level placed in the context of the legal system, is also introduced. This paper demonstrates that although only two variants of the reasoning concerning a law’s judicial review based on the law itself involve logical contradiction, the possibility of employing reasonings from other variants must be excluded, albeit due to alternative reasons. Therefore, the Constitutional Tribunal’s decision to avoid the verdict paradox by passing over the reviewed provisions in the review process was correct and might be perceived as an example of how logic and reason can defend the institutional guarantees of political freedom.
    Źródło:
    Avant; 2019, 10, 1; 173-187
    2082-6710
    Pojawia się w:
    Avant
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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