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Tytuł:
Discreet Landscapes of Fortifications
Dyskretny krajobrazy fortyfikacji
Autorzy:
Arbutina, D.
Mavar, Z.
Alfirević-Arbutina, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1188160.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
krajobraz
fortyfikacje
landscape
fortifications
Opis:
Od czasów historii starożytnej fortyfikacje były w krajobrazie imponującymi i dominującymi budowlami. Były one solidnie zbudowane pod względem formy materialnej, ale dotyczyło to także ich symbolicznego wyglądu od czasu ich stworzenia aż po ostatnie lata. Ich silna symbolika była i jest nadal obecna, nawet jeśli pozostały tylko ruiny, czy też zostały one nietknięte w krajobrazie. Te pierwsze fortyfikacje (starożytne, średniowieczne lub renesansowe) mają różne kształty, konstrukcje i pozycję w krajobrazie, ale pozostały bardzo widoczne i wpływowe w zakresie interakcji społecznych (a nawet politycznej mitologii). Od końca XIX wieku po dzień dzisiejszy przekształciły się one w dyskretne budowle często zapomniane i ukryte. Celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie tych ostatnich budowli (od końca XIX wieku do ostatniej dekady XX wieku) i ich pozycji w chorwackich krajobrazach. Prezentacja (jako studium przypadku) określa te budowle w historycznych segmentach, które ukształtowały historię Chorwacji na przestrzeni ostatnich ponad 100 lat. Te przedstawione historyczne grupy odosobnionych budowli obronnych to: 1. Austro-węgierskie fortyfikacje z końca XIX wieku I z początku wieku XX. o ogromne fortece takie jak np. systemy warowne w regionie Pulaw (do niedawna jeszcze z okupantami wojskowymi) 2. Fortyfikacje z lat międzywojennych oodosobnione budowle (bunkry) i systemy warowne jako samotne i zapomniane budowle w krajobrazie 3. Fortyfikacje z okresu II wojny światowej oczęść systemów fortyfikacyjnych i oddzielnych ufortyfikowanych budowli (bunkry) występujących w centrach miast lub na ich obrzeżach, ale zapomnianych i ignorowanych 4. Fortyfikacje z lat po II wojnie s'wiatowej oukryte i ciągle jeszcze tajemnicze 5. Fortyfikacje z wojny o niepodległość Chorwacji budowle tymczasowe, nadal obecne w krajobrazie i w sposób tajemniczy zapomniane wkrótce po zakończeniu wojny
Źródło:
Architektura Krajobrazu; 2011, 3; 38-45
1641-5159
Pojawia się w:
Architektura Krajobrazu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fortifications of old Gdańsk
Autorzy:
Januszajtis, Andrzej
Kucharska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954515.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
history of engineering
history of fortifications
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 1999, 3, 3; 361-374
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The medieval fortifications at Banganarti after the 2016 season
Autorzy:
Drzewiecki, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1684995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-07-09
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
fortifications
medieval settlement
Banganarti
Nubia
Sudan
Opis:
The state of preservation of Banganarti’s unique medieval mud-brick fortifications and the deposits accumulated against them allows a study of the history of these defenses and their immediate surroundings. Trenches excavated in the northeastern corner of the fortifications in 2016 gave a full cross section, starting with the layers preceding the construction of the defenses, through two phases of the fortifications and ending with traces of secondary use of the ruins.
Źródło:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2017, 26(1); 301-309
1234-5415
Pojawia się w:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Possible Monastery and the ‘Upper Maqs’ at Ukma-Akasha West?
Autorzy:
Edwards, Dawid N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/484130.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
Tematy:
medieval Nubia
monasteries
Akasha
fortifications
‘Upper Maqs’
Opis:
This paper summarises previously unpublished records relating to a series of unusual, and perhaps associated enclosed medieval settlements in the area of Akasha and Ukma West, excavated in 1969 by the Archaeological Survey of Sudanese Nubia. When excavated, one site, namely [21-N-11], which contained a small church, was thought likely to have been a monastery. An unusual site close by is also briefly discussed. Two other enclosed sites, and perhaps a further uncompleted example, have some features in common with the putative monastic site, although other functions may be considered. That some of these might relate to the historically recorded government ‘customs post’, the ‘Upper Maqs’, is also possible. While definitive identifications are not possible, a number of features of these sites, which cannot be easily paralleled elsewhere in Nubia, suggest their wider interest, and that they merit further study.
Źródło:
Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences); 2019, 32; 53-79
2084-6762
2449-9579
Pojawia się w:
Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Bronze Age Fortifications in Munar “Wolfsberg”, Arad County. The 2014 and 2017 Archaeological Researches
Autorzy:
Sava, Victor
Gogâltan, Florin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498132.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Instytut Archeologii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
Lower Mureş Basin
Munar, Bronze Age
tell
fortifications
Opis:
In spite that the Bronze Age site Munar “Wolfsberg” has been depicted on the Josephine topographic survey (late 18th century), the first scientific data focusing on this site occurs at the beginning of the 20th century. As “Wolfsberg” did not have the dimensions of the nearby prehistoric fortifications at Sântana and Corneşti, the site was not targeted by archaeological investigations and it has only been occasionally mentioned in the secondary literature so far. During the year 2014 a team of researchers have started the investigations with the site’s topographic survey, followed by a systematic ground survey, geophysical measurements, as well as aerial photographs. Three years later, a small test trench was excavated in order to attempt dating the Middle Bronze Age tell in terms of the absolute chronology
Źródło:
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia; 2017, 12; 75-100
2084-4409
Pojawia się w:
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Roman fort at Cape Aj-Todor (Charax) and its surroundings. A new look at old discoveries
Autorzy:
Karasiewicz-Szczypiorski, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1774810.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Aj-Todor
Charax
Crimea
Roman army
Roman fortifications
Opis:
Despite many years of research at the site, the Roman fort at Cape Aj-Todor near Yalta remains rela- tively poorly studied. A  better understanding of the discoveries made at the site can be reached by comparing them with the results of the excavations conducted in another fort also located in Crimea – at BalaklavaKadykovka. This text is an attempt at gathering together all the published information about the discoveries made at Cape Aj-Todor. The comparison of the research results from both sites has enabled establishing numerous similarities between them. Both forts functioned simultaneously, and their architectural remains can be qualified to identically dated phases. The final effect of the analysis undertaken by the author is a more complete plan of the fort at Cape Aj-Todor along with its surroundings, processed in a new graphic formula.
Źródło:
Światowit; 2018, 57; 153-184
0082-044X
Pojawia się w:
Światowit
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Castles, Walls, Fortresses.The Sasanian Effort to Defend the Territory
Autorzy:
LABBAF-KHANIKI, Meysam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016354.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-23
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
Fortress
Defensive Fortifications
Sasanian Period
Iran
Linear Walls
Opis:
Defensive structures have been applied as the permanent elements of the Iranian urbanism, from the first phases of sedentism in the Neolithic period onwards. Following the Iranian tradition in architecture, Sasanian fortifications having local features were constructed in adaptation with the regional circumstances. Nevertheless, we can find some similarities in the components of the defensive installations. The defensive structures located within the Sasanian territory turned Iran into the unconquerable fortress providing Sasanians with military, political, cultural, and economic dominance over a vast area of the ancient world for more than four centuries.
Źródło:
Historia i Świat; 2020, 9; 37-59
2299-2464
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Świat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The 18th century Lublin in the eyes of a military engineer. Fortifications and security measures for the negotiations on the map of Lublin created by C. d’Örken and modern evidence confirming their existence
Autorzy:
Nieścioruk, Kamil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92542.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Oddział Kartograficzny Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Tematy:
Tarnogród Confederation
Lublin
old map
city map
fortifications
Opis:
Just as contemporary cartographic works, old maps were usually made for specific purposes, e.g. related to taxation, propaganda or military objectives. C. d’Örken’s map of Lublin of 1716 is an example of a cartographic work created for military purposes, as it was made in the context of negotiations of the Tarnogród Confederation. The author of the map focused on the thematic content – he marked control zones, as well as military outposts, and accommodation sites. In many instances, the base content is presented with little attention to detail. There are a few exceptions to this rule, with fortifications being the most noticeable one. It was most likely motivated by the author’s profession, as he was a military engineer. Still, although Lublin has never been a particularly well-fortified city, the aforementioned content of the map perfectly reflects not only the former shape of the city space, but also its contemporary organisation. This article, due to its detailed description of selected works and the methodology involving the use of old cartographic materials, can be used as an important source material for archaeological, restoration and regeneration works.
Źródło:
Polish Cartographical Review; 2019, 51, 2; 95-103
2450-6974
Pojawia się w:
Polish Cartographical Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Terra Incognita: Results of Polish excavations in Albania and Montenegro
Autorzy:
Dyczek, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16220011.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Rhizon
Scoder
roman colony
fortifications
Illyrian period
ottoman period
Opis:
One of the most important issues in Illyrian archeology today concerns the origins of Illyrian cities. The excavations at Rhizon have provided new data on the subject where many elements of the ancient urban architecture have been recorded. First, the monumental defense walls so called – Cyclopean wall. The lower town was divided into districts, but it was not an orthogonal plan. The architecture of the houses in generally Hellenistic in nature, but always a variation on the standard model in use each of the six insulae. Despite the limited size of the excavation compared to the overall size of the town, three separate bathrooms with terracotta baths have been unearthed, including a bathtub for children. In considering the urban structure of Rhizon the archaeologists had to come to grips with the question of the ruling authority and its architectural emanation. In terms of the functioning of royal authority in Illyria, the discovery of a palatial complex in Rhizon has added immensely to our knowledge. The older complex, included a megaron-type hall with a central hearth, storerooms and large courtyard The area was rebuilt after the event. The rubble was leveled, the storerooms reconstructed. The old megaron was turned into a kitchen and/or banquet hall attached to the new palace, which was built in part in the old courtyard. Part of the courtyard now served as a roadleading along the new palace facade. The younger palace was raised of neatly dressed ashlar blocks of limestone joined by the Greek technique of anathyrosis. Excavation in the other capital of Illyria, Scoder, open the way to interesting considerations in reference to the above. One of the most interesting discoveries was made during an investigation of a cistern constructed in Venetian times and rebuilt by the Turks. Two inscriptions, one whole and the other fragmentary, were immured into the central pillar supporting the roof of the cistern. Three inscriptions were preserved on one of these two blocks. On the one ofthe Latin text, Scoder is mentioned as a Roman colony. In late Roman times Scoder was the capital of the Praevalis province. The wall, excavated by us, surrounding the lower town dates to this period. One of the mysteries of Scoder was a bulwark below the north wall of the fortifications The present investigations have identified the wall as a defensive structure raised by the Venetians during the Turkish siege of 1478/1479. Three other interesting discoveries concern the 17th and 18th centuries. A set of almost 30 glass aryballoi were found in the ruins of one of the Turkish houses. Another hoard, found this time in a water sewer which is always interesting to the archaeologist, contained a small bag of silver coins struck in Dubrovnik in the early 17th century as well as a series of majolica vessels covered with a colored glaze and even some imported Chinese porcelain. An apothecary's shop in the lower town yielded the remains of scales, vessels and a well preserved small tin pyxis The inscription on its cover identifies its content as „thyriaca”, an antidote known to English apothecaries as Venice treacle.
Źródło:
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia; 2017, 16; 351-369
2082-5951
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The defences of the Roman legionary fortress at Novae (Lower Moesia) and coin finds from the latest excavations “Per lineam munitionum”: numismatic and archaeological interpretation
Autorzy:
Jaworski, Piotr
Zakrzewski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1632436.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-19
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Roman fortifications
legionary fortress
numismatics
coins
Novae
Lower Moesia
Opis:
This paper aims to present the results of archaeological works carried out within the framework of a post-excavation project, “Per lineam munitionum”, between 2005–2016 around the fortification system of the Roman legionary fortress and the late Roman and early Byzantine town of Novae. The research concentrated generally on completing and recording old trenches as well as recording remains of the original building substance, stratigraphy and other archaeological remains using modern technologies and precise geodetic equipment. The archaeological data and stratigraphical observations were compared with the numismatic findings in an effort to improve the final interpretation and the reconstruction of the main construction phases.
Źródło:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2020, 29(2); 357-406
1234-5415
Pojawia się w:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Military Aspects in the Spatial Development of Polish Cities in the Nineteenth Century
Autorzy:
Łupienko, Aleksander
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601505.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
urban development
nineteenth-century cities
Polish territories
fortifications
railroads
Opis:
Military issues were deemed vital in the European politics of the nineteenth century. The aim of this article is to trace the most important implications of the ‘military bias’ of state authorities in the border region between the three empires (Germany, Russia and Austria – later the Austro-Hungarian Empire) which occupied the Central and Eastern part of the continent. Military authorities sometimes exercised a particularly strong influence upon urban policy. The two major issues addressed in this article are the fortifications (their creation, strengthening, and spatial development) which influenced urban sprawl – though perhaps not so much as is maintained in the scholarly literature – and the development of railways. The directions and tracks chosen for the railways were also influenced by the military plans, which in turn often differed much from the visions of the urban officials who made up the administration of the city.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2016, 114
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Central Asian köshks from the Islamic period before the Mongol conquest: fortified, semi-fortified or unfortified?
Autorzy:
Piekarz, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1635181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Central Asia
Middle Ages
köshks
residences
fortifications
war technique
Opis:
In their external appearance, the Islamic-period köshks in Central Asia, especially the characteristic buildings with corrugated outer walls, dated broadly speaking from the 7th–8th century AD to the times of the Mongol conquest at the beginning of the 13th century, are apparently fortified. However, they lack a number of features characteristic of defensive buildings. Their interpretation as residential structures in this period is indisputed, hence their apparent defensiveness has been attributed to a line of evolution from pre-Islamic architecture of this type, which played a military role. A review of various defensive elements present in these structures, compared with buildings from an earlier period, highlights this process. An apparent exception is the Great Kyz Kala at Merv, Turkmenistan, which may have not lost its defensive capacity immediately, as recent research by the UCL Institute of Archaeology Ancient Merv Project has demonstrated.
Źródło:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2019, 28(2); 493-508
1234-5415
Pojawia się w:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Shaping a city and its defenses; fortifications of Hellenistic Berenike Trogodytika
Autorzy:
Woźniak, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1683098.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-07-09
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Hellenistic/Ptolemaic fortifications
Berenike
harbor
Red Sea
water installations
Opis:
Key information on the location, size and dating of the Ptolemaic fortifications of Berenike Trogodytika comes from archaeological excavations carried out in 2013–2015, following the 2012 season when the presence of military architecture in the Red Sea harbor was first discovered and identified (Woźniak and Rądkowska 2014). Sections of a thick wall constructed of gypsum anhydrite blocks on a wide foundation were recorded in the northern part of the site (trenches BE-13/90 and BE13-93). The wall was part of the defenses protecting the harbor from the north, the only land access to the site through marshy ground on the fringes of the so-called “northern lagoon”. Further work in trenches BE14-97 in 2014 and BE15-104 in 2015 uncovered the remains of a well preserved early Hellenistic fortified city gate, built of gypsum anhydrite blocks and chunks of coral. The complex has no parallel at present anywhere in the Red Sea region. A series of shallow basins interconnected by pipes made of truncated necks of early Hellenistic amphorae, found to the east of the gate, served probably to collect rainwater. The water function? of the gate was confirmed further by a large basin or cistern, about 1 m deep, abutting the complex on the southwest. A subterranean network of four rock-cut chambers(?) was discovered at the bottom of the internal gate chamber. A corridor in the east wall of the gate shaft, with a covered channel in the floor, led off to the northeast, in the direction of a rectangular anomaly observed on the magnetic map, which could be another rock-cut shaft.
Źródło:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2017, 26(2); 43-60
1234-5415
Pojawia się w:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rescue excavations at site 1 in Witów, Proszowice district. Seasons 2004 – 2006
Autorzy:
Gawlik, Anna
Godlewski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/442388.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Instytut Archeologii
Tematy:
Witów
excavations 2004-2006
Lusatian culture
fortifications
early Medieval cemetery
Opis:
Excavations at site 1 in Witów, in the years 2004 – 2006, were a continuation of rescue excavations started in 2002. Excavations covered three areas most likely to be destroyed. At the foot of the promontory (trench 1) a sequence of cultural strata dating from the Neolithic (Funnel Beaker culture) through the Bronze Age (Lusatian culture) until the Roman period was unveiled. In trench 2 excavation works were continued on the remains of fortifications (embankment with elements of wooden structures) connected with the Lusatian culture. Within the trench no. 3 next settlement features of the Lusatian culture and early Medieval skeletal graves were discovered. The most interesting discoveries in the reporting period include the Lusatian burials in trapezium-like pits, unearthed in the trench no. 3. Due to its equipment (including ceramics of the “knob” style) and 14C dating, they should be tied with the origins of the Lusatian culture. Other interesting findings were also silver coins (denarii) from a Medieval cemetery. Research in seasons 2004 - 2006 proved most of the conclusions reached in previous seasons: the multicultural nature of the site, high intensity of the Lusatian culture settlement, and the presence of fortifications of this culture.
Źródło:
Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie; 2009, 1; 83-99
0137-3285
Pojawia się w:
Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przemiany miasta Chomutova, komendy, fortyfikacji oraz zamku w średniowieczu i na początkach czasów nowożytnych
THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE TOWN CHOMUTOV, ITS COMMAND POST, FORTIFICATIONS AND CASTLE IN THE MIDDLE AGES AND THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD
Autorzy:
Sýkora, Milan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498148.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Instytut Archeologii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
ARCHAEOLOY
HISTORY AND ARCHITECTURE OF CHOMOTOV
ARCHITECTURAL COMPLEX OF KOMTUR
FORTIFICATIONS
Opis:
The article basing on archaeological, architectural and historical researches makes an attempt reconstruct the historical development of Chomutov (north east part of the Czech Republic). The author depicts the developmental history of the town starting from the 13th century colony connected with the court of the gentry, then mentioning the centre of Teutonic Knights Komtur and finally getting to the point when a town was set up nearby the monastic castle. In the middle of the 14th century a process of measuring the streets networks and parcels started. At the beginning of the 15th century Chomutov becomes a fully established city with all its lawful rights, a crest, seal, town hall and fortifications. Wacław IV has winded up the residence of Komtur in 1411 and then the city becomes a private ownership. A family of Veimitilów become the owners of the town and the castle in 1411 and they rearrange the Komtur’s center for the nobility’s residence which becomes the symbol of power over the city. The city starts to fund churches, public buildings and tenancy houses what increases its importance.
Źródło:
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia; 2012, 7; 111-186
2084-4409
Pojawia się w:
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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