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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Demand for scientific methods of detecting crimes and criminals, i.e. the beginnings of forensic science in the structures of the Polish State Police
    Autorzy:
    Zubańska, Magdalena
    Zubański, Sławomir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1374854.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
    Tematy:
    forensic science
    forensic trail
    forensic expertise
    forensic laboratory
    Opis:
    The history of forensic science (from Latin criminalis, concerning a crime) is inextricably linked to the history of law enforcement agencies. This science grew out of the needs of the law and serves its implementation to this day. Its interest is focused on the crime in concreto. As an independent scientific discipline, it developed only at the end of the 19th century and was connected with the date of publication of the work Handbuch fur Untersuchungsrichter, Polizeibeamte, Gendarmen u.s.w. by the Austrian investigating judge H. Gross in 1893. Its author noticed the correctness (very accurate) that every achievement in the field of natural sciences and technical sciences can serve the purpose of combating crime. W. Sobolewski is considered a precursor of Polish forensic science. In September 1919 he joined the State Police and started working as an inspection officer. Then he became the commander of the Main Police School and Officer School in Warsaw. In 1929 he was sent to Vienna for a forensic course. Then W. Sobolewski headed the Police Laboratory at the Headquarters of the Investigation Service in Warsaw, and since 1931 the Department of Investigation Technology, in which, at the request of the court, police authorities and military institutions, forensic expert opinions were carried out, including dactyloscopic, weapons and handwriting. They were of great evidential importance for the courts. It continues to be so today. Beginning in the interwar period, the Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police is a research institute recognized in Poland and abroad, which carries out tasks in the field of technical and criminal protection of the process of preventing and combating crime, among others, by performing research and implementation, comparative and expert work in the field of forensic science.
    Źródło:
    Internal Security; 2019, Special Issue; 59-69
    2080-5268
    Pojawia się w:
    Internal Security
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Use of criminalistics and forensic sciences at ensuring the population security
    Autorzy:
    Porada, Viktor
    Straus, Jiří
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1878657.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    criminalistics
    forensic science
    security
    biomechanics
    Opis:
    In paper there are well-ordered given present directions of development forensic biomechanics. The author carried out the analysis of 100 expert opinions performed since 1994 in professional field “Criminalist, subject field forensic biomechanics” in cases that were concluded by court authority. According to analysis of needs of practice and expert investigations the author gives real prediction of further directions of research in forensic biomechanics. Forensic biomechanics invokes in investigation process, particularly violent criminal acts; by expert investigation it may come to conclusion on mechanisms of criminal act, action of extrinsic force and expression to consequences of this extrinsic force. Directions of development of forensic biomechanics are given by author in following applications - biomechanics of fall from high, judgment of extreme dynamic burden of organism, biomechanical analysis of fall from stand on a ground or fall from stairs, biomechanical analysis of walk and analysis of conflict combat. These directions represent 90% of all processed expert opinion.
    Źródło:
    Security Dimensions; 2014, 11(11); 106-114
    2353-7000
    Pojawia się w:
    Security Dimensions
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Forensic Aspects of Juvenile Crime in Poland. From a Juvenile to a Criminal — The Road to Demoralisation
    Autorzy:
    Bembas, Ireneusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375035.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
    Tematy:
    criminal acts
    juvenile delinquency
    forensic science
    Opis:
    The article refers to the forensic aspects of juvenile delinquency in Poland, and at the same time, is an attempt to draw attention to the problem of juvenile delinquency, because in the activities of state authorities aimed at preventing or reducing the number of criminal acts, attention is focused primarily on adults who commit crimes. It is important to highlight the problem and to draw attention to juvenile delinquency, as static data show a decrease in juvenile delinquency. This decreasing trend of the number of offences committed by juveniles is only illusory as, after taking into account the decrease in the number of people born, juvenile delinquency shows an upward trend. The article presents the most common determinants of juvenile delinquency, and then, on the basis of these determinants, proposes preventive actions, indicating the areas in which the undertakings of state authorities aimed at reducing juvenile delinquency should be concentrated.
    Źródło:
    Internal Security; 2020, 12(1); 113-123
    2080-5268
    Pojawia się w:
    Internal Security
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Parasites in Forensic Science: a historic perspective
    Autorzy:
    Cardoso, Rita
    Alves, Helena
    Richter, Joachim
    Botelho, Monica C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972138.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
    Tematy:
    Forensic Science
    parasites
    human disease
    human history
    Opis:
    Parasites show a great potential to Forensic Science. Forensic Science is the application of any science and methodology to the legal system. The forensic scientist collects and analyses the physical evidence and produce a report of the results to the court. A parasite is an organism that lives at the expense of another and they exist in any ecosystem. Parasites are the cause of many important diseases. The forensic scientists can use the parasites to identify a crime scene, to determine the murder weapon or simply identify an individual. The applications for parasites in the Forensic Science can be many and more studies should be made in Forensic Parasitology. The most important parasites in Forensic Science are helminths specifically schistosomes. Through history there are many cases where schistosomes were described in autopsies and it was related to the cause of death. Here we review the applications of parasites in Forensic Science and its importance to the forensic scientist.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Parasitology; 2017, 63, 4; 235-241
    0043-5163
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Parasitology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Estimation of age by mental foramen using CBCT in central India
    Autorzy:
    Bose, Sourav
    Sur, Jaideep
    Khan, Fatima
    Dewangan, Deeplaxmi
    Paul, Sushmita
    Sawriya, Ekta
    Roul, Ayesha
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27317669.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-09-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
    Tematy:
    cone-beam computed tomography
    forensic science
    mental foramina
    Opis:
    Introduction and aim. This study aims to estimate the age of a population in Central India by analyzing the mental foramen using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The objectives of the study are to determine the parameters for age determination and study bilateral variations in mental foramen dimensions using CBCT. Material and methods. One hundred and twenty CBCT scans, HD LED monitor, GALAXIS GALLIEOS viewer. Results. Results from the study show significant values for various parameters such as the upper and lower borders of the mandible and mental foramen. Bilateral variations were also observed. The age regression model indicates a significant correlation between estimated and original ages for individuals aged between 31 to 50 years. While the study only analyzed five parameters of the mental foramen, it suggests that a more comprehensive assessment of mental foramen parameters with a larger sample size can yield more definitive results for age determination. Conclusion. As only five parameters of mental foramen had been assessed in this retrospective study, so a comprehensive assessment of various other parameters of mental foramen with an increased sample size may be done for more definitive results for gender and age determination.
    Źródło:
    European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; 2023, 3; 500-505
    2544-2406
    2544-1361
    Pojawia się w:
    European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cooperation of psychology and criminology in investigative activities
    Autorzy:
    Sapiński, Aleksander
    Kuliński, Mariusz
    Pindel, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19233624.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej
    Tematy:
    forensic science
    artificial intelligence
    investigative psychology
    criminal psychology
    Opis:
    Forensic science and psychology are two interdisciplinary fields of study that often work together to effectively investigate crimes (Goc&Gruca 2020). Criminal psychology studies the behavior of criminals, their motivations and psychological profiles. Criminal psychologists help to determine who could be suspected of committing a crime, based on behavior and other characteristics that are related to the crime (Widacki 2018). These psychologists can conduct psychological examinations of suspects, victims or witnesses to determine their role in the incident and increase the chances of a successful investigation. Forensic work includes laboratory tests, the use of modern technologies and tools, as well as data analysis. Forensic science plays an important role in the prevention of crime and in the justice process (Szydłowski 2016), helping to identify and prosecute the perpetrators of crimes and to ensure the safety of society. Collaboration between forensics and psychology can help identify suspects based on behavior and characteristics and use scientific evidence to conduct successful investigations. In the case of crimes involving people with mental disorders, criminal psychology can help to understand their behavior and assess the risk of recidivism (Czudek&Szydłowski 2022). In this way, cooperation between forensic science and psychology can be very effective in carrying out investigations and investigations, as well as in preventing crime and improving the security of society.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej; 2022, 26, 4; 45-49
    2543-9103
    2543-411X
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Social Engineering as a Cybercrime Tool — Criminological and Forensic Analysis
    Autorzy:
    Opalska-Kasprzak, Agata
    Kasprzak, Wojciech Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/45226377.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-03-30
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Policji w Szczytnie
    Tematy:
    social engineering
    forensic science
    criminology
    cybersecurity
    computer haking
    Opis:
    Social engineering is one of the oldest methods of obtaining information and is still one of the most commonly used techniques by digital crime groups. Effective protection of network users must focus primarily on threat awareness and on a common-sense approach to placing sensitive data in cyberspace. With the development of new digital services, a number of new threats arise, which must be counteracted primarily through the use of electronic security measures in place, the launch of social campaigns and actions to raise awareness among citizens, as well as the organisation of courses for institutions in various sectors of the economy.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Policyjny; 2021, 144(4); 405-415
    0867-5708
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Policyjny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Old forensic Evidence, Contemporary Resources of forensic Science and the Police X-Files — Crime is Not an Abstract and theoretical Entity Out of Touch with Reality
    Autorzy:
    Zubańska, Magdalena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1374886.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
    Tematy:
    police X-Files
    undetected crimes
    forensic evidence
    modern research methods
    tools of forensic science
    Opis:
    The obligation to prosecute the perpetrator of any crime throughout the entire period of its punishability is one of the statutory tasks of the Police. The prominent forensic scientist — Hans Gross claimed that crime is not an abstract and theoretical entity out of touch with reality, but a real social phenomenon that can be investigated and recognised. Nevertheless, archive shelves contain records of undetected crimes from the past years that cast a shadow over police statistics and never give investigators any peace of mind. These undetected crimes from a few, a dozen or even several dozen years ago, are reinvestigated by officers from the Cold Case Units (colloquially referred to as the Police X-Files). Currently, such a unit operates in each regional police headquarters as well as in the National Police Headquarters. The methods and means that the X-Files investigators take advantage of depend on the specificity of an individual case, however, in the model of their conduct, it is forensic science that plays a significant role — alongside covert policing or criminal analysis. Physical evidence plays a huge role in determining the objective truth, and thanks to the research methods and tools currently available to crime scene investigators, the boundaries of learning about the reality are expanding. Despite the passage of time, the purpose of criminal proceedings is achieved, i.e. perpetrators of many crimes committed years ago are identified and brought to justice.
    Źródło:
    Internal Security; 2018, 10(1); 107-124
    2080-5268
    Pojawia się w:
    Internal Security
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Artificial intelligence and future crime in the context of computer forensics
    Autorzy:
    Olber, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/45491957.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-07-25
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Policji w Szczytnie
    Tematy:
    machine learning
    computer forensics
    digital evidence
    crime
    forensic science
    artificial intelligence
    Opis:
    The aim of this article is to discuss the role, tasks and challenges of computer forensics in the context of the development of AI-enabled crime. The issues described in the article refer to potential future threats that have been identifi ed as the most troublesome for society. The considerations in the article are preceded by a critical analysis of the research that has been conducted in the fi eld of artifi cial intelligence and computer forensics so far. The literature analysis allows the claim that the future of computer forensics is automation based on machine learning algorithms. It has also been concluded that the development of artifi cial intelligence will defi ne new areas of computer forensics that take into account the analysis of neural network models and learning datasets.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Policyjny; 2023, 149(1); 342-358
    0867-5708
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Policyjny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Application of Computer Programs Supporting the Handwriting Expertise for Consultative Purposes and in Teaching the Forensic Science
    Autorzy:
    GOC, MIECZYSŁAW
    SEMKÓW, DOROTA
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/456092.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
    Tematy:
    GLOBALGRAF
    GRAFOTYP
    RAYGRAF
    KINEGRAF
    SCANGRAF
    handwriting expertise
    forensic science
    university education
    computer programs
    Opis:
    The article addresses the issue of using computer programs forming the package called GLOBALGRAF in order to perform handwriting examination. Not only are the aforementioned programs used for handwriting expertise by experts, but they can also have application in university education, and more specifically, in teaching forensic science to students. In addition, the article attempts to show the practical aspect of forensic science teaching, using the aforementioned package named GLOBALGRAF, which undoubtedly responds to the needs of modern university education.
    Źródło:
    Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka; 2019, 10, 2; 157-164
    2080-9069
    Pojawia się w:
    Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    What Do Polygraphers–Practitioners Expect from Science?
    Autorzy:
    Widacki, Jan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131848.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
    Tematy:
    detection of deception – science and practice
    detection of deception and forensic sciences
    polygraph: research and examination
    Opis:
    The purpose of the study was to learn the opinions of polygraph examiners concerning the role and applicability of scientific research in detection of deception conducted in Universities or other scientific centres. The questionnare was distributed among participants of the 56th Annual Seminar of the American Polygraph Association (Orlando Fl. 2022). The 55 copies of the questionnare were hande out, 48 completed sheets were returned. As it could been expected, polygraph examiners are generally not interested in of detection of deception other than the ones they currently using in their practice. The new methods of detection of deception, as for example exploiting the neurophysiological level (EEG, fMRI) or methods remotely observable and registrable indicators other than those that have as yet been used in polygraph examination generally was not interested for him.
    Źródło:
    European Polygraph; 2022, 16, 1 (55); 65-72
    1898-5238
    2380-0550
    Pojawia się w:
    European Polygraph
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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