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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Wind tunnel flux comparisons using a phase Doppler interferometer
    Autorzy:
    Roten, R.L.
    Post, S.L.
    Werner, A.
    Safa, M.
    Hewitt, A.J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65512.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    wind tunnel
    flux measurement
    Doppler interferometer
    phase Doppler system
    droplet
    Opis:
    It is essential to know the movement of droplets in time and space (i.e. flux) when measuring and/or predicting spray drift in agricultural application. A study was performed to assess the flux measurements of a phase Doppler system against a standard monofilament system in a wind tunnel. The primary objectives of the study were to compare flux from a new phase Doppler system against 1.7 mm cotton and 2.0 mm nylon strings at varying wind speeds (1.4, 4.2, 8.3, 12.5, and 16.7 m ⋅ s–1) and spray exposures times (5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 s) with an overarching hypothesis that the active, phase Doppler is able to accurately measure the flux regardless of exposure and spray mass whereas the static string samplers are limited to a maximum retention. The phase Doppler did measure linearly as expected, however strings did not reach a point in which they loss mass; conversely, they appeared to overload with saturation. These findings are believed to be among many variables which influence the variability of previous mass balance studies.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 3
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nutrient turnover at the hypoxic boundary: flux measurements and model representation for the bottom water environment of the Gulf of Riga, Baltic Sea
    Autorzy:
    Eglite, E.
    Lavrinovics, A.
    Muller-Karulis, B.
    Aigars, J.
    Poikane, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47584.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    flux measurement
    bottom water
    denitrification
    biogeochemical modelling
    hypoxia
    Riga Gulf
    Baltic Sea
    aquatic environment
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2014, 56, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fully Automated System for Air Velocity Profile Measurement
    Automatyczny system do wyznaczania profilu prędkości dla strumienia powietrza
    Autorzy:
    Kabaciński, M.
    Pawliczek, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/139559.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    air flux measurement
    flowmeter
    stepper engine drive
    virtual instruments
    pomiar przepływu powietrza
    miernik przepływu
    napęd silnika krokowego
    przyrządy wirtualne
    Opis:
    The paper presents the idea of a system for controlling the movement of a flowmeter for air velocity profile measurement. In such a system, due to massive amount of data and limitations of the Data Acquisition Equipment, it is necessary to use moveable sensors. The flowmeter sensor is moved with the use of a linear module with a stepper motor and a tooth-belt drive. The location and speed of the sensor are controlled by a program based on the idea of virtual instrument. The proposed structure allows the user to control operation of the stand and provides automatic measurement. A wide range of velocity and step increments of the stepper motor drive, and flexibility of the virtual instrument software, allow one to create effective measurement systems ensuring sufficiently precise location with optimal time duration of measurement. It is shown that the linear module with tooth-belt is an effective alternative for similar modules with micro-screw drives.
    W artykule zaprezentowano system kontroli przemieszczenia przyrządu do pomiaru profilu prędkości strumienia powietrza. W takich systemach z powodu dużej liczby punktów pomiarowych oraz ograniczeń wynikających z urządzeń do akwizycji danych konieczne jest przemieszczanie elementu pomiarowego. Czujnik przepływu jest przesuwany za pomocą modułu liniowego z napędem w postaci paska zębatego i silnika krokowego. Położenie i prędkość czujnika jest kontrolowane za pomocą autorskiego oprogramowania bazującego na idei tzw. „przyrządów wirtualnych”. Układ kontolno-pomiarowy pozwala operatorowi na obsługę stanowiska oraz automatyczne przeprowadzenie pomiarów. Szeroki zakres prędkości obrotowej i dużej rozdzielczości napędu w postaci silnika krokowego oraz elastyczność oprogramowania pozwala tworzyć efektywny system pomiarowy zapewniający dostatecznie dokładną lokalizację punktów pomiarowych przy optymalnym czasie pomiarów. Wykazano, ze napęd liniowy z zastosowaniem paska zębatego i silnika krokowego może być efektywną alternatywą dla podobnych urządzeń ze śruba napędową.
    Źródło:
    Archive of Mechanical Engineering; 2012, LIX, 4; 435-451
    0004-0738
    Pojawia się w:
    Archive of Mechanical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    New technique of the local heat flux measurement in combustion chambers of steam boilers
    Autorzy:
    Taler, J.
    Taler, D.
    Sobota, T.
    Dzierwa, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240253.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    kocioł parowy
    odwrotne zagadnienie przewodzenia ciepła
    pomiar strumienia ciepła
    żużlowanie komory paleniskowej
    CFD simulation
    heat flux measurement
    inverse heat conduction problem
    slagging of combustion chambers
    steam boiler
    Opis:
    A new method for measurement of local heat flux to waterwalls of steam boilers was developed. A flux meter tube was made from an eccentric tube of short length to which two longitudinal fins were attached. These two fins prevent the boiler setting from heating by a thermal radiation from the combustion chamber. The fins are not welded to the adjacent water-wall tubes, so that the temperature distribution in the heat flux meter is not influenced by neighbouring water-wall tubes. The thickness of the heat flux tube wall is larger on the fireside to obtain a greater distance between the thermocouples located inside the wall which increases the accuracy of heat flux determination. Based on the temperature measurements at selected points inside the heat flux meter, the heat flux absorbed by the water-wall, heat transfer coefficient on the inner tube surface and temperature of the water-steam mixture was determined.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2011, 32, 3; 103-116
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Spatial distribution of the water exchange through river cross-section : measurements and the numerical model
    Przestrzenny rozkład wymiany wody w przekroju rzeki : pomiary i model numeryczny
    Autorzy:
    Grodzka-Łukaszewska, Maria
    Pawlak, Zofia
    Sinicyn, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845419.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    numerical modeling
    hyporheic zone
    hydraulic properties
    gradient and flux measurement
    groundwater and surface-water relations
    modelowanie numeryczne
    strefa hyporeiczna
    właściwości hydrauliczne
    pomiar gradientu i strumienia
    relacje wody gruntowe i powierzchniowe
    Opis:
    The aspects of surface stability and groundwater exchange recognized by many researchers due to the intensification of agriculture and industry (manifested in, e.g., regulation and dredging of riverbed sediments of rivers) are now widely discussed on the international forum of water policy and management. It is essential to assess the spatial variability of water exchange through the river length and cross sections for the preparation of data and calculation of the groundwater flow model. This article presents research which describes the spatial distribution of the surface water-groundwater interaction within the river cross-section. Two measurement series were carried out to describe its variability. Additionally, a groundwater flow model was developed to simulate and represent the variable nature of water exchange in the hyporheic zone in the river’s cross-section. The model was successfully verified by means of measurements of water flux in the hyporheic zone. The precise spatial description of this variability is the first step to determine the possibility of introducing this variable in an accurate manner, within the limits of measurement uncertainties or simulation assumptions, in the construction of mathematical models of groundwater flow.
    Problem opisu interakcji wód powierzchniowych i podziemnych jest podejmowany przez wielu badaczy, między innymi ze względu na intensyfikację rolnictwa i przemysłu przejawiające się m.in. regulacją i pogłębianiem osadów rzecznych rzek. Problemy te są obecnie szeroko dyskutowane na międzynarodowym forum polityki i gospodarki wodnej. Do przygotowania danych i obliczenia modelu przepływu wód podziemnych niezbędna jest ocena zmienności wymiany wody na długości rzeki i jej przekrojach. W artykule przedstawiono badania opisujące przestrzenną zmienność interakcji wód powierzchniowych i podziemnych w przekroju rzeki. Aby opisać tą zmienność, przeprowadzono dwie kampanie pomiarowe. Dodatkowo opracowano model przepływu wód podziemnych w celu przedstawienia zmiennego charakteru wymiany wody w strefie hyporeicznej w przekroju rzeki. Model został pomyślnie zweryfikowany za pomocą pomiarów przepływu wody w strefie hyporeicznej. Dokładny przestrzenny opis zmienności przestrzennej intensywności wymiany wody pomiędzy rzeką a warstwą wodonośną jest pierwszym krokiem do określenia możliwości dokładnego wprowadzenia tej zmiennej do budowy modeli matematycznych przepływu wód podziemnych.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Environmental Protection; 2021, 47, 1; 69-79
    2083-4772
    2083-4810
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Environmental Protection
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Simultaneous measurement of oxygen flux and salinity of the water saturated mineral soils
    Autorzy:
    Bieganowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24164.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    mineral soil
    simultaneous measurement
    electrical conductivity
    saturated soil
    oxygen flux
    soil oxygen
    soil salinity
    water
    salinity
    flux density
    Źródło:
    International Agrophysics; 2003, 17, 3
    0236-8722
    Pojawia się w:
    International Agrophysics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Observations on relations between marine aerosol fluxes and surface-generated noise in the Southern Baltic Sea
    Autorzy:
    Markuszewski, P.
    Klusek, Z.
    Nilsson, E.D.
    Petelski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079072.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    marine aerosol
    aerosol flux
    noise measurement
    underwater noise
    sea spray
    hydroacoustic measurement
    meteorological condition
    Baltic Sea
    Opis:
    This study presents the preliminary results of combining underwater acoustic ambient noise measurements with those of in-situ sea spray fluxes (SSF). Hydroacoustic measurements (in the frequency range 80 Hz –12.5 kHz) were made using an underwater noise recording system developed at the Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences which was then deployed in the southern Baltic Sea. The simultaneous measurements of coarse sea spray fluxes (with particle diameters ranging from 0.5 to 47 µm) were made on board the r/v Oceania using the gradient method. Observations were conducted for the duration of the passage of an atmospheric front that lasted 2.5 days (60 hours of measurements). There were significant differences in the sound pressure level (SPL) and aerosol fluxes observed between the first part of measurements (developing wave state) and the second part (developed waves). Wave parameters, such as peak period, significant wave height, wave age, and mean wave slope acquired from the WAM (WAve Model), were used to investigate the impact of wave field properties on noise and aerosol flux measurements. We observed different behaviours in the power spectrum density (PSD) levels of noise for these parameters depending on the wave state development.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2020, 62, 4PA; 413-427
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Repeatability of measurements of the potential oxygen flux density in the soil by the voltamperometric method
    Autorzy:
    Bieganowski, A
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1401907.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    soil aeration
    measurement
    oxygen diffusion rate
    soil
    oxygen flux density
    voltammetry
    agrophysics
    Opis:
    Influence of the measuring procedure on the repeatability of measurement of the potential oxygen flux density in the soil has been presented. Five measuring procedures were applied: measurements taken one directly after another, reinstallation of the electrode after each measurement , reinstallation of the electrode after each measurement with a simultaneous mechanical cleaning of surfaces, measurements with 15-min breaks between consecutive measurements, measurements with electrochemical "cleaning" of the electrode surface.The OFD value was determined by a voltamperometric method using a tri-electrode measuring system. It was found out that the best repeatability can be obtained by repeating the measurement with 15-min (or longer) time intervals.
    Źródło:
    Acta Agrophysica; 2000, 35
    1234-4125
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Agrophysica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of two- and three-electrode systems in measurements of potential oxygen flux density in soil
    Autorzy:
    Bieganowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25265.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    two-electrode system
    soil oxygen flux
    soil aeration
    measurement
    oxygen diffusion rate
    soil
    three-electrode system
    oxygen flux density
    potential
    Źródło:
    International Agrophysics; 2004, 18, 2
    0236-8722
    Pojawia się w:
    International Agrophysics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Measurement of heat flux density and heat transfer coefficient
    Autorzy:
    Taler, D.
    Taler, J.
    Grądziel, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240288.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    pomiar temperatury
    strumień ciepła
    współczynnik przenikania ciepła
    zagadnienie odwrotne
    heat flux
    heat transfer coefficient
    inverse problem
    temperature measurement
    Opis:
    The paper presents the solution to a problem of determining the heat flux density and the heat transfer coefficient, on the basis of temperature measurement at three locations in the flat sensor, with the assumption that the heat conductivity of the sensor material is temperature dependent. Three different methods for determining the heat flux and heat transfer coefficient, with their practical applications, are presented. The uncertainties in the determined values are also estimated.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2010, 31, 3; 3-18
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    How the axial flux of an induction motor can be used?
    Autorzy:
    Petryna, Janusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93080.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie
    Tematy:
    axial flux
    rotor cage damage
    inter-turn short circuit
    load torque
    rotational speed measurement
    induction motor
    testing station
    contactless measurement
    strumień osiowy
    uszkodzenie klatki wirnika
    zwarcie między zwrotami
    moment obciążenia
    pomiar prędkości obrotowej
    silnik indukcyjny
    stacja testowa
    pomiar bezdotykowy
    Opis:
    The article contains the results of research within the project to apply unipolar (axial) flux to obtain diagnostic signals carrying the information of: electrical asymmetries of machinery (inter-turn stator short-circuits, cage damages); rotational speed of the rotor and load torque. Inter-turn stator short-circuits can be detected both at starting process time (when they appear most often), as well as in steady states. Detection of rotor cage defects in steady states has a character of a comparative study, and over time, as the defects develop. For standard drives that are powered from the network and work in open systems, by measuring the voltage following a unipolar flux, it is possible to make measurement and recording of motor speed, which usually is almost never provided under industrial conditions. The study shows that a simple in its construction, cheap coil can be a very useful diagnostic tool. The measurements were carried out at the laboratory and motor workplace in the power plant, while in the test station, during the loading, characteristics illustrating the dependence of the torque on the axial flux and on the rotational speed were obtained. A way of using a single measurement to estimate the torque has been proposed. The method is relatively simple to implement and allows for a fully non-invasive determination of the load torque.
    Źródło:
    Science, Technology and Innovation; 2019, 5, 2; 34-43
    2544-9125
    Pojawia się w:
    Science, Technology and Innovation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Four-parameter electromagnetic method for determining the parameters of brewery effluents
    Autorzy:
    Sebko, V. V.
    Pyrozhenko, Ye. V.
    Zashchepkina, N. M.
    Zdorenko, V. G.
    Markina, O. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201046.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
    Tematy:
    four-parameter electromagnetic method
    brewery effluents
    magnetic flux probe
    MFP
    conversion function
    joint measurement
    electrical conductivity
    relative permittivity
    density
    temperature
    metoda elektromagnetyczna
    ścieki
    strumień magnetyczny
    funkcja konwersji
    przewodność elektryczna
    względna przenikalność elektryczna
    gęstość
    temperatura
    Opis:
    Purpose of the article is to study a four-parameter electromagnetic method for joint measurements of electrical resistivity k, relative permittivity εr, temperature t and density ρ of samples of acidic, alkaline and average effluents from a microbrewery based on a magnetic flux probe (MFP), which considers the influence of informative parameters of beer effluents on the components of the amplitude and phase signals of a multiparameter device. Design/methodology/approach The implementation of the four-parameter method is carried out on the basis of the dependences G1 = f (A1) and G2 = f (A2) at two frequencies of the electromagnetic field f0 and f1 for acid, alkaline and average effluent and allows you to jointly determine the four parameters of effluent samples with the same converter in the same control area. The proposed method makes it possible to improve the accuracy of identifying effluent samples since the obtained multiparameter information makes it possible to determine the nature and properties of effluent samples using only one transducer with certain physical characteristics. The research results lead to the expansion of the technical capabilities of electromagnetic measurement methods, as well as to an increase in the metrological characteristics of electromagnetic transducers and an increase in the accuracy of measuring the parameters of effluent samples compared to reference methods and measuring instruments. Thus, the implementation of this approach contributes to the prediction and prevention of the reasons for the deviation of beer effluent samples from the specified indicators of environmental safety. Findings The universal conversion functions MFP have been established, connecting the amplitude and phase components of the converter signals with the parameters k, εr, t and ρ of acidic, alkaline and average effluents. Based on the universal transformation functions G1 = f (A1) and G2 = f (A2), a four-parameter electromagnetic method for joint measurements of electrical resistivity k, relative permittivity εr, temperature t and density ρ of acidic, alkaline, and average effluents from breweries has been developed. When conducting research at two close frequencies of the electromagnetic field f0 = 20.3 MHz and f1 = 22 MHz, algorithms were obtained for measuring and calculating procedures for determining k, εr, t and ρ for samples of acidic, alkaline and average effluents from the brewing industry. Research limitations/implications Research perspectives consist in the creation of automated systems for multiparameter measuring control of the physicochemical characteristics of acidic and alkaline effluent from food and processing industries based on the immersed electromagnetic transducer. Based on the data obtained using informative methods to measure the parameters of effluent samples, an integrated method for treating beer effluents of various compositions will be proposed. At the same time, the scheme of the integrated treatment method should include a filter that provides the introduction of a magnetic fluid and a separation device that allows us to remove a fraction, including pollution in itself. Practical implications Is that the proposed four-parameter electromagnetic method makes it possible to determine to what composition the controlled samples of wastewater should be attributed (acidic or alkaline). It, in turn, makes it possible to choose a rational method for treating beer effluents and to prevent the reasons for the deviation of effluent samples from the environmental safety indicators set by the standards. Originality/value of the article is the research related to the expansion of the functional and technical capabilities of the electromagnetic two-frequency transducer MFP through the implementation of a four-parameter electromagnetic method of joint measurements of electrical resistivity k, relative permittivity εr, temperature t and density ρ of acidic, alkaline and average effluents from breweries. The universal transformation functions G1 = f (A1) and G2 = f (A2) found in the work at two close magnetic field frequencies, f0 = 20.3 MHz and f1 = 22 MHz, make it possible to control four physicochemical parameters of acidic, alkaline and average wastewater at the same time by the same MFP. An algorithm has been developed for determining the signal components of a two-frequency thermal MFP, the ranges of which correspond to the ranges of changes in electrical resistivity k, relative permittivity εr, temperature t and density ρ of acidic, alkaline, and average brewery effluents. The basic relations that describe the two-frequency four-parameter electromagnetic method of joint measurements of the physicochemical parameters of acidic, alkaline and averaged beer effluents have been obtained.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering; 2022, 113, 2; 49--64
    1734-8412
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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