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    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
    Tytuł:
    Toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in diesel exhausts
    Autorzy:
    Janicka, A.
    Walkowiak, W.
    Tkaczyk, M.
    Czarny, A.
    Zaczyńska, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245718.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
    exhaust toxicity
    Opis:
    The paper presents results of analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration and toxicity emitted from 1,9 TDI self-ignition. Because of unstable parameters of self-ignition engine work (pressure and temperature jumps), PAHs were extracted from two phases: gas phase and solid phase (particle matter - PM). A chromatographic method (Capillary gas Chromatography) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons identification and analysis, because of their low level of concentration in exhaust gases, needed to be supported by sample purification and enrichment stages. Calibration of the chromatograph was made by attested mixture of 16 model samples (according to EPA, USA). Two different methods for toxicity estimation was used in this researches. The authors used relative carcinogenic coefficients (RCC) which was determined by Nisbet and LaGoy for individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in relation to benzo(a)pirene. Samples consist PAHs was also tested for cytotoxicity in standardized cell-culture system (human cell line A549, mouse fibroblasts line cell L929). Cell growth, cell morphology and cell viability were used as parameters to determine the cytotoxicity of the materials. The measure the lethality effect on cells was determined spectrophotometrically with the use of a mitochondrial enzyme activity assay for mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay). Cells were exposed to the biomaterials for 24, 72 and 120 h. The results of in vitro tests are discussible. A lach of correlation between toxicity measurement methods which was used in these researches was observed.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 195-199
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The impact of active ceramic coating implementation on gasoline engine exhaust toxicity
    Autorzy:
    Janicka, A. B.
    Walkowiak, W.
    Sobianowska-Turek, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243998.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    inner catalyst
    exhaust toxicity
    internal combustion engine
    exhausts toxicity
    Opis:
    One of the ways for toxic emissions reduction from internal combustion engines, beside external Exhaust purification systems and alternative fuels, is direct intervention into engine combustion process. The inner catalyst application, in form of ceramic active coating applied inside of combustion chamber, is one of the examples of that kind of solution. The application of active coating inside of a compression-ignition engine (diesel engine) may have an important impact on several stages of combustion process: fuel cracking, fore-flame phase, combustion phase and secondary combustion phase. Investigations of such construction are very rare in the literature. The paper presents the results of the researches which aim was analysis of inner catalyst application impact on toxic emissions. As a catalyst platinum and rhodium was used. As a catalyst support and local thermal barrier a zirconium ceramic coating was used. The catalyst was located on the gasoline engine valves surface. The research was done in Emission Research Laboratory of the Division of Motor Vehicles and Internal Combustion Engines. The analysis was done according to European standard (EN ISO 16017-1: 2006) on gas chromatograph (Yarian 450 GC) equipped in capillary column and flame-ionization detector (FID). The results of the researches proofed effectiveness of that solution on toxic emissions limitation.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 149-154
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Effect of biofuel on the emission of exhaust gas from an engine with a common rail system
    Autorzy:
    Łagowski, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838324.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
    Tematy:
    self-ignition engine
    common rail system
    biofuel
    exhaust gas toxicity
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of experimental tests of a FIAT MultiJet 1.3 SDE 90 PS engine equipped with a common rail system, running at full load operation at rotational speeds of n = 1000 rpm, 1750 rpm, 2000 rpm, 2500 rpm, 3000 rpm, 3500 rpm, 4000 rpm and 4200 rpm, carried out on a dynamometer stand. During the tests, the engine was supplied with diesel oil and rape oil fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in the following proportions: B20 (80% diesel oil and 20% FAME), B40 (60% diesel oil and 40% FAME), B60 (40% diesel oil and 60% FAME) and B80 (20% diesel oil and 80% FAME). This paper presents an assessment of the effect of the additions of rape oil fatty acid methyl esters to diesel oil on the unit fuel consumption and the emission of the following harmful exhaust gas components: nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, particulates and carbon dioxide. The fuel consumption was measured using a AVL 730 Dynamic Fuel Consumption fuel dosimeter. The measurements of the concentrations of the above-mentioned harmful exhaust gas components were performed using a MEXA-1600 DEGR analyser manufactured by Horiba, while particulate emissions were measured with a MEXA-1230PM analyser manufactured by Horiba.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2020, 90, 4; 33-44
    1234-754X
    2084-476X
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Motoryzacji
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Effect of Biofuel on the Emission of Exhaust Gas from an Engine with the Common Rail System
    Autorzy:
    Łagowski, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838328.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
    Tematy:
    self-ignition engine
    common rail system
    biofuel
    exhaust gas toxicity
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of experimental tests of a FIAT MultiJet 1.3 SDE 90 PS engine equipped with a common rail system, running at full load operation at rotational speeds of n = 1000 rpm, 1750 rpm, 2000 rpm, 2500 rpm, 3000 rpm, 3500 rpm, 4000 rpm and 4200 rpm, carried out on a dynamometer stand. During the tests, the engine was supplied with diesel oil and rape oil fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in the following proportions: B20 (80% diesel oil and 20% FAME), B40 (60% diesel oil and 40% FAME), B60 (40% diesel oil and 60% FAME) and B80 (20% diesel oil and 80% FAME). This paper presents an assessment of the effect of the additions of rape oil fatty acid methyl esters to diesel oil on the unit fuel consumption and the emission of the following harmful exhaust gas components: nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, particulates and carbon dioxide. The fuel consumption was measured using a AVL 730 Dynamic Fuel Consumption fuel dosimeter. The measurements of the concentrations of the above-mentioned harmful exhaust gas components were performed using a MEXA-1600 DEGR analyser manufactured by Horiba, while particulate emissions were measured with a MEXA-1230PM analyser manufactured by Horiba.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2020, 90, 4; 33-44
    1234-754X
    2084-476X
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Motoryzacji
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Research on influence of selected control parameters of the injection system marine diesel engine on its exhaust gas toxicity
    Autorzy:
    Witkowski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246698.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    ship diesel engine
    injection system
    heavy fuel oil
    control parameters
    exhaust gas toxicity
    Opis:
    This paper devoted to pollution of the atmosphere due marine diesel engines in operation. In the paper presented are results of the investigations carried out in the Gdynia Maritime Academy laboratory with the use of a ship diesel engine, one-cylinder, two-stroke, crosshead of longitudinal scavenging, which was loaded by means of the water brake. This diesel engine combusting heavy fuel oil IF 40. The test-involved effect of two selected control parameters of fuel injection system ship diesel engine: fuel injection pressure and injection advance angle. Both selected control parameters were changed during the experiment separately, each of them three times. And so: changing the fuel injection pressure - for three selected values: 18, 22 and 26 MPa; changing the fuel injection advance angle - for three selected values: -10 centigrade, -13 centigrade and -16 centigrade before the piston's top dead centre (BTDC). The measurements were performed within the wide range of engine load at the permanent rotational speed of 220 rpm. For each of the above selected values six measurements were performed at the following engine loads: 25%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% nominal loads. Control parameters to change the injection pump and injector engine, during operation of the engine, by means of a supplementary-scaled instrumentation of the injector and injection pump. Owing to this is was not necessary to stop the engine before each successive test cycle. This way of realization of the measurements guaranteed running them in steady conditions. The elimination of influence of possible disturbances witch could arise from multiple starting and stopping the engine improved accuracy and reliability of the obtained results.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 551-556
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The identification of toxic compound emission sensitivity as a diagnostic parameter during dynamic processes of the marine engine
    Autorzy:
    Zadrąg, R.
    Kniaziewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073657.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    diagnostic
    theory of experiments
    marine diesel engine
    exhaust gas toxicity
    multi-equation models
    Opis:
    Changing some parameters of the engine structure alters the emission of harmful components in the exhaust gas. This applies in particular to the damage of charge exchange system as well as fuel system and engine supercharger. These changes are much greater during the dynamic states and their accompanying transitional processes. The different sensitivity of diagnostic parameters to the same force, coming from the engine structure, but realized in other loading conditions can be discussed. Presented in the paper is a model of the engine diagnostic, in which symptoms are indicators of diagnostic and emission characteristics of gaseous exhaust components. For the purpose of the paper the parameters were taken as the dominant structure in the change of fuel injection timing. The diagnostic engine model, based on the theory of multi-equation models, was supplemented by the results of the tests on the single-cylinder research engine ZS. Also proposed is a measure of the sensitivity of the diagnostic parameter during dynamic processes. The following paper is building on the problem previously published by the authors in [X].
    Źródło:
    Journal of Polish CIMEEAC; 2015, 10, 1; 161--170
    1231-3998
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Polish CIMEEAC
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Optimalization of sorbent feeding in the dry method of flue gas desulfarization
    Autorzy:
    Kwiatkowski, P.
    Zadrąg, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073590.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    sulfur oxides
    exhaust gas toxicity
    exhaust gas desulfurization
    dry method
    FGD
    tlenki siarki
    toksyczność spalin
    odsiarczanie spalin
    suche metody odsiarczania spalin
    Opis:
    The swiftly developing sea transport contributes to a considerable increase of fuel usage in the international shipping, which results in the escalation of toxic compounds emitted into the atmosphere. It is followed by the constantly heightened requirements limiting those emissions. In the case of sulfur oxide emission, inside of SECA (Sulfur Emission Control Area), the maximum content of sulfur in the shipping fuels used on the territorial seas was reduced to 0.1% per mass unit, but at the same time the legislator allows the ability to use a desulfurization installation working in a closed configuration. One of the desulfurization methods fulfilling those requirements is the dry method of desulfurization. In this paper are presented the results of research conducted on this very topic in the Department of Marine and Land Power Plants. The focus is the presentation of formulated characteristics of adsorbent feeding by an injection system dedicated to the dry method.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Polish CIMEEAC; 2017, 12, 1; 51--58
    1231-3998
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Polish CIMEEAC
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Identification of indicators sensitivity of emissions as a diagnostic parameter during the dynamic process of marine diesel engine
    Identyfikacja wrażliwości wskaźników emisji jako parametrów diagnostycznych podczas procesów dynamicznych okrętowego silnika spalinowego
    Autorzy:
    Zadrąg, Ryszard
    Bogdanowicz, Artur
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/329416.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
    Tematy:
    marine diesel engine
    exhaust gas toxicity
    dynamic states
    emission
    okrętowy silnik spalinowy
    toksyczność spalin
    stany dynamiczne
    emisja
    Opis:
    The change of some parameters of an engine structure affects emission of harmful components in engine’s exhaust. This applies first of all to damages in a charge exchange system as well as in a fuel system and an engine supercharging system. These changes are significantly greater during dynamic states and in the time transient processes. It is possible to talk about different sensitivities of emission factors understood here as diagnostic parameters for the same extortion from the structure of the engine but executed in other load states. The article presents a diagnostic model of the engine in which the diagnostic symptoms are indicators and characteristics of the emission of gaseous exhaust components. The model was supplemented with the results of tests on the real object, which was a marine diesel engine. Propose measures of the sensitivity of the diagnostic parameter during dynamic processes - processes characterized by high variability of waveforms, which variability causes problems not only of measurement nature, but also often interpretive.
    Zmiana niektórych parametrów struktury silnika wpływa na zmianę emisji składników szkodliwych w spalinach. Dotyczy to przede wszystkim uszkodzeń następujących w układzie wymiany ładunku a także w układzie paliwowym i układzie doładowania silnika. Zmiany te są zdecydowanie większe podczas trwania stanów dynamicznych i towarzyszących im procesów przejściowych. Można więc mówić o różnej wrażliwości wskaźników emisji rozumianych tutaj jako parametrów diagnostycznych na te same wymuszenia pochodzące od struktury silnika, ale realizowane w innych stanach obciążenia. W referacie przedstawiono model diagnostyczny silnika, w którym symptomami diagnostycznymi są wskaźniki i charakterystyki emisji gazowych składników spalin. Model uzupełniono wynikami badań na obiekcie rzeczywistym, którym był okrętowy silnik spalinowy. Zaproponowano również miary wrażliwości parametru diagnostycznego podczas procesów dynamicznych - procesów charakteryzujących się dużą zmiennością przebiegów, która to zmienność powoduje problemy nie tylko natury pomiarowej, ale również często interpretacyjnej.
    Źródło:
    Diagnostyka; 2019, 20, 3; 79-86
    1641-6414
    2449-5220
    Pojawia się w:
    Diagnostyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Creating a ranking of diagnostic parameters for the dynamic process of marine combustion engine in the aspect of multi-criteria evaluations
    Autorzy:
    Zadrąg, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073645.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    diagnostic
    marine diesel engine
    exhaust gas toxicity
    multi-equation models
    diagnostyka
    silnik Diesla
    toksyczność spalin
    modele wielorównaniowe
    Opis:
    The change of some of the engine’s structural parameters affects the change of toxic compound emission in exhaust gases. It mainly applies to the damage sustained by the charge exchange system as well as the fuel system and the engine supercharging system. These changes are definitely higher during dynamic states and the related transient states. As such, it is possible to speak of a diverse sensitivity of the diagnostic parameters on the exact same excitations which come from the structure of the engine but are realized in other states of load. In the paper presented is the diagnostic model of an engine, based on the theory of multi-equation models, in which the diagnostic symptoms are the indices and characteristics of exhaust gas compound emissions. For the sake of this paper, the modal value of the structure parameters was assumed to be the change in the angle of advance of the fuel injection. The diagnostic model of the engine was supplemented with the results of research conducted on a station equipped with a single cylinder CI test engine. In previous works of the author, the information capacity index method (the Hellwig method) was suggested for the measurement of the sensitivity of a diagnostic parameter. Based on this method, a ranking of diagnostic parameters can be created, which divides the collection of diagnostic transients into stimulators, destimulators and nominants. This normalization of the collection seems to be helpful during making a diagnostic decision.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Polish CIMEEAC; 2016, 11, 1; 211--218
    1231-3998
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Polish CIMEEAC
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Utilization of the zero unitarization method for the building of a ranking for diagnostic marine engine parameters
    Autorzy:
    Zadrąg, R.
    Kniaziewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133246.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    diagnostic
    theory of experiments
    marine diesel engine
    exhaust gas toxicity
    multi-equation models
    diagnostyka
    teoria eksperymentów
    silnik okrętowy
    toksyczność spalin
    modele wielorównaniowe
    Opis:
    Changing some of the parameters of the engine structure affects the emission of harmful components in the exhaust gases. This primarily concerns damage in the cargo exchange system as well as in the fuel system and engine boost system. Changes in emissions of harmful compounds are often ambiguous, depending largely on the parameters that shape the combustion process. An additional problem is that often simple but undesired interactions occur with the interaction of these parameters. It is therefore possible to speak of different diagnostic parameters' sensitivity to the same extractions from the engine structure, but implemented in other load states. In cases where the set of parameters is numerous and the values of these parameters are similar, there is a real problem with their proper classification, often based on the discretion of the researcher. In the paper the authors propose a methodology for classification of acquired diagnostic parameters. In previous papers [4, 5], Hellwig's method of information capacity index was proposed as a measure of diagnostic parameter sensitivity. This method can be used to build a diagnostic parameter ranking that divides the set of diagnostic variables into stimulators, destimulators and nominators. This normalization of the set seems to be helpful in making a diagnostic decision not influenced by the discretion of the researcher. The zero unitary method can also be helpful in creating diagnostic tests.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 4; 44-50
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of the impact of damage to the injection system on the emission of toxic substances in a spark-ignition internal combustion engine
    Autorzy:
    Dziubiński, Mieczysław
    Siemionek, Ewa
    Drozd, Artur
    Żur, Paweł
    Ścirka, Michał
    Tatarynow, Dawid
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133801.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    spark-ignition internal combustion engine
    exhaust gas toxicity
    exhaust gas standards
    injection system damage
    exhaust gas analyzer
    silnik spalinowy o zapłonie iskrowym
    toksyczność spalin
    normy emisji spalin
    uszkodzenie układu wtryskowego
    analizator spalin
    Opis:
    The article presented analyses the impact of damage to the injection system on the emission of toxic subsumes in a spark-ignition internal combustion engine. The work focuses on the basic elements of the injection system, which include injectors, throttle position sensor, coolant temperature sensor and lambda sensor. In addition, a catalytic reactor has been included in the context of its direct cooperation with the injection system under set conditions. The toxicity of exhaust gases of different spark-ignition engines fueled with petrol or gas in determined operating conditions using the MAHA MGT5 exhaust gas analyser was tested. The content of toxic substances in the exhaust gases was recorded for the correct settings of the injection system and for the engine working with damage to this system. The tests carried out will allow to assess the impact of the damage of the injection system on the toxicity of exhaust gases.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 112-118
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Simulation Method of the Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides Over a Silver Aluminate Catalyst in Static Tests of Combustion Engines
    Autorzy:
    Chłopek, Z.
    Darkowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89774.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    toxicity exhaust gas
    combustion engine tests
    Nitrogen oxides reduction
    silver aluminate catalyst
    spaliny
    gazy trujące
    toksykologia
    substancje toksyczne
    gazy
    tlenek azotu
    silniki spalinowe
    zagrożenia zdrowia
    Opis:
    The paper presents a proposition of simulation studies of nitrogen oxide catalytic reduction. The method enables estimating the influence of catalytic reactors on ecological properties of engines in static bench tests (e.g., ECE R49, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe [UN/ECE], 2000; Standard No. ISO 8178-4:1996, International Organization for Standardization [ISO], 1996; Merkisz (1998). An algorithm of simulation studies is shown. A model catalytic reactor for selective catalytic reduction is described. Silver aluminate deposited on steel substrate covered with aluminium phosphate is used as a catalyst. Propene is used as a reductant. The results of reactor studies in a chemical lab are presented. A simulation of the influence of catalytic reactor properties on ecological properties of an engine was done. Unitary emission conversion coefficients of nitrogen oxide in a static test ECE R49 were determined.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 2; 161-182
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Concept and models for evaluation of black and white smoke components in diesel engine exhaust
    Autorzy:
    Blayankinshtein, I.
    Askhabov, A.
    Voevodin, E.
    Kashura, A.
    Malchikov, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/374154.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
    Tematy:
    test of diesel
    opacity estimates
    toxicity of the exhaust gases diesel engines
    test oleju napędowego
    ocena nieprzezroczystości
    toksyczność spalinowych silników wysokoprężnych
    Opis:
    A method for measuring exhaust smoke opacity has been developed, which allows estimating the differentiated components forming black exhaust and those forming white smoke. The method is based on video recording and special software for processing the video recording data. The flow of the diesel exhaust gas is visualised using the digital camera, against the background of the screen, on a cut of an exhaust pipe, and with sufficient illumination of the area. The screen represents standards of whiteness and blackness. The content of the black components (soot) is determined by the degree of blackening of the white standard in the frames of the video, and the content of whitish components (unburned fuel and oil, etc.) is determined by the degree of whitening of black standard on the frames of the video. The paper describes the principle and the results of testing the proposed method of measuring exhaust smoke opacity. We present an algorithm for the frame-by-frame analysis of the video sequence, and static and dynamic mathematical models of exhaust opacity, measured under free-acceleration of a diesel engine.
    Źródło:
    Transport Problems; 2017, 12, 3; 83-91
    1896-0596
    2300-861X
    Pojawia się w:
    Transport Problems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Use of Toxicity Indexes in Reference to Carbon Dioxide for a Vehicle Equipped with a Two-Stroke Engine without an Exhaust Aftertreatment System
    Autorzy:
    Rymaniak, Łukasz
    Ziętara, Bartosz
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Kołodziejek, Daniel
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201656.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    moped
    PEMS
    portable emission measurement system
    toxicity index
    exhaust emission
    real driving conditions
    Opis:
    Research work on the new assessment of environmental indicators using equipment from the PEMS group (Portable Emission Measurement Systems) with motor vehicles is being developed. Due to the miniaturization of equipment, there are new measurement possibilities for more and more numerous groups of vehicles, including two-wheelers. The article presents the research and a summary of the results of a moped equipped with a two-stroke engine, approved in accordance with the Euro 3 standard. The research object is mainly used for driving in urban traffic. Therefore, the research route was created as the first communication frame in the Poznań agglomeration. In the analysis of the results, the author’s M toxicity index was proposed, which is based on the assumption that CO2 emission is a measure of the correctness of the combustion process. The equipment from the PEMS-AxionR/S+ group, characterized by small dimensions and low weight, was used to determine the actual motion parameters and the emission of toxic compounds. In the analysis of the measurement results, dimensionless indicators of toxicity M of gaseous compounds were determined and a comparative analysis was made with the values of other objects obtained in the course of previous research (motorcycle, passenger car, off-road vehicle, hybrid bus and agricultural tractor). Due to the engine design (two-stroke type), the worst environmental indicators were obtained for CO and HC compared to other tested vehicles.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 4; 228--236
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Negative impact of motorization on the natural environment
    Negatywny wplyw motoryzacji na srodowisko naturalne
    Autorzy:
    Myslowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/793342.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
    Tematy:
    engine
    exhaust gas smokiness
    negative impact
    motorization
    natural environment
    threat
    truck
    car
    urban area
    fuel consumption
    low toxicity
    dynamic property
    air pollution
    urban agglomeration
    Opis:
    The paper presents a growing threat to the natural environment caused by the avalanche growth in the number of trucks and cars within the urban areas and beyond their borders. Based on the example of the Szczecin agglomeration - located at the crossroads of the east-west and north-south transit routes - selected harmful components associated with the use of trucks and their negative impact on the human lives and functioning of the ecosystem in Poland have been discussed.
    W artykule przedstawiono narastające zagrożenia dla środowiska naturalnego spowodowane lawinowym wzrostem ilości samochodów ciężarowych i osobowych w obrębie aglomeracji miejskich i poza ich granicami. Na przykładzie aglomeracji Szczecina- położonego na skrzyżowaniu dróg tranzytowych wschód –zachód i północ -południe omówiono poszczególne szkodliwe składniki związane z eksploatacja pojazdów ciężarowych oraz ich negatywny wpływ na życie ludzi i funkcjonowanie ekosystemu w Polsce.
    Źródło:
    Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2011, 11C
    1641-7739
    Pojawia się w:
    Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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