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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Sources of Emissions in Refinery – Legal Regulations and Costs
    Autorzy:
    Kamiński, Arkadiusz
    Jakóbiec, Janusz
    Pusz, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028155.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    environmental protection
    emission
    emission source
    refinery
    regulations
    costs
    Opis:
    Crude oil processing associated with the impact on the environment. Refinery production processes are a source of emissions in virtually all environmental components. The article characterizes the sources of emissions by dividing them taking into account various criteria and escribes the regulatory and legal environment, addressing the problems of industrial emissions, taking into account current and forecast guidance at European and national level. Highlighted the various aspects related to the effects of legislation and its implementation, among which, indicated as the most important implementation costs in relation to the underlying operating costs.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 11; 53-61
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The effect of the road transport impact on the natural environment in poland and on the costs of road transport
    Autorzy:
    Kordel, Z.
    Gis, W
    Waśkiewicz, J
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243372.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    transport heavy goods vehicles
    fuels
    pollutants emission
    costs
    Opis:
    The structure of the article will include the characteristics, particularly, of the Polish fleet of trucks involved in the transport of cargo. The volume of transport and haulage work of the goods carrying road transport in 2011, dominant in the branch structure of transport, was presented. The number of trucks and semi-trailer tractors registered in Poland, including the estimated number of vehicles with a maximum weight exceeding 3.5 Mg, was quoted. The numbers of commercial goods carrying companies (international and domestic) in Poland have been presented. The consumption of gasoline, diesel and liquid petroleum gas by the Polish fleet of trucks, special cars and buses in 2010 and the projected consumption of these energy sources and natural gas as well as electricity by the vehicles fleet by the 2030 has been estimated. The estimates of greenhouse gases emission and selected other pollutants from the engine exhaust systems of the said fleet, in the years 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025, 2030 have been presented. Characterized were, currently in force in Poland, environmental fees and their impact on the costs of road transport companies in Poland. The conclusions should be of particular interest to both TFL sector entities as well as those who are involved in creating transport and environmental policy in Poland.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 171-176
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tangible benefits of using liquefied natural gas fuel in the urban transport of Szczecin
    Autorzy:
    Chłopińska, E.
    Kowbel, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135148.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
    Tematy:
    LNG fuel
    exhaust emission
    urban transport
    Szczecin
    alternative solution
    costs
    Opis:
    Being the cleanest mine fuel due to the release of low exhaust emissions into the atmosphere, natural gas has been utilised by many fields of transport. A rapidly growing world market of liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuel has enabled to implement this fuel in urban transport. This article concentrates on presenting an alternative solution for the use of LNG fuel in urban buses to reduce exhaust emission using the example of Szczecin. On the basis of a significantly growing segment of the engines for the gas driven market, the article also shows the possible costs arising from the use of LNG fuel in urban buses of Szczecin. The impact to the natural environmental from the use of diesel fuel from vehicles was analysed. Based on the exhaust emission analysis this article shows the difference between using a fuel which emits less noise and is a cleaner energy source with high energy efficiency and the fuel used by carriers.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 47 (119); 123-128
    1733-8670
    2392-0378
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Economic aspects of reducing low-stack emission in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Turek, Marian
    Michalak, Aneta
    Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/88476.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
    Tematy:
    low-stack emission
    air pollution
    costs of reducing low-stack emission
    niska emisja
    zanieczyszczenie powietrza
    koszty redukcji niskiej emisji
    Opis:
    The objective of the paper is to present the problem of low-stack emission in the economic and financial context. The paper presents the results of preliminary research based on literature review and environmental reports. After completing the selection of publications and data extraction, which could help to describe the issue raised, their analysis, comparison and generalization was conducted. The aspects presented may constitute a starting point in building a model of pricing the economic results of low-stack emission. In the first place the phenomenon of smog was subject to analysis, as one of the most significant consequences of low-stack emission, influencing health of human beings, environment and tangible assets. Then an attempt was made to express the previously identified results of low-stack emission in the economic and financial categories, taking into consideration the costs incurred for the purposes of completing the undertakings aimed at decreasing low-stack emission, costs avoided due to the decrease of the number of illnesses caused by low-stack emission, costs avoided due to the restriction of the negative influence of low-stack emission on the environment and on tangible assets as well as economic benefits achieved thanks to the reduction of low-stack emission.
    Źródło:
    System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment; 2019, 1, 1; 343-351
    2657-5450
    Pojawia się w:
    System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of Ecological Efficiency Resulting From the Application of Modern Buses In Urban Communications
    Autorzy:
    Marczak, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124478.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    ecological effect
    public transport
    low-emission diesel bus
    electric bus
    costs of energy consumption
    Opis:
    The use of modern vehicles may contribute to limiting the adverse impact of urban transport on the environment. Evaluation of the options for choosing new means of transport in terms of economic and ecological benefits allows for the identification of the most advantageous variants. The solution is to consider replacing a bus compliant with a Euro III norm (base variant) with a one compliant with Euro VI (option 1) or with an electric counterpart (option 2). The evaluation of the solutions was based on the calculated parameters: a monetary value reflecting the energy cost of the analyzed buses and the ecological effect of the reduced emissions from the Euro VI bus or the electric bus compared with the Euro III vehicle. The ecological effect resulting from the use of the electric bus was determined taking into account the emissions from fossil fuels (coal, natural gas) and biomass. The method of cost analysis was used to evaluate the solution of replacing older buses with new ones (with different types of propulsion). It is based on calculating the unit cost of achieving the ecological effect of the solution.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 5; 110-117
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of electric motor vehicles market
    Autorzy:
    Maciejewska, Marta
    Fuć, Paweł
    Kardach, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133116.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    electric propulsion market
    toxic exhaust emission
    costs of charging electric vehicle
    rynek napędów elektrycznych
    emisja toksyn
    koszt ładowania pojazdu elektrycznego
    Opis:
    The increasingly restrictive standards related to exhaust emissions from cars make difficult the development of internal combustion engines. The activities undertaken in the design of internal combustion engines are mainly based on downsizing, e.g decreasing the engine's displacement. The main direction in the development of vehicle propulsion is to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. It is expected to reduce CO2 emissions in 2020 to reach 95 g/km. Electric vehicles achieve low noise levels and do not emitted a burn, and thus, their use leads to a reduction in the amount of toxic exhaust gases in the air. The aspect of reducing emissions of harmful exhaust compounds and activities focusing on downsizing on the market of combustion engine cars leads to a significant increase the number of electric vehicles. In 2018 around 95 million motor vehicles were registered in the world, of which around 12 million in the European Union and 273 thousand in Poland. The number of electric vehicles among all sold is around 5.5%. Every year new, more technologically advanced models appear on the electric vehicle market. In 2018, the most popular model was the Nissan LEAF and the BAIC EC-Series. A large number of Renault ZOE have also been sold. In article analyzed different models of electric vehicle, which are available on market and presented the characteristics based on e.g. price per 100 kilometers, range for every model or charging time.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 169-175
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Innovative Rail Freight Wagons – a Precondition to Increase the Market-Share of Rail Freight
    Autorzy:
    Hecht, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223771.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    environmental friendliness
    emission of CO2
    costs
    rail freight
    quality of transportation
    zero emission
    innovation
    loading space
    fast transport
    reliability
    przyjazność dla środowiska
    emisja CO2
    transport kolejowy
    jakość transportu
    innowacja
    przestrzeń ładunkowa
    Opis:
    Rail transport is a very important type of transport. Due to its environmentally friendly nature it is necessary to dedication him considerable attention. The article stated the need for the implementation of innovative solutions for wagons. This article presents precondition to increase market share of rail freight. Considerations that must be met by modern rail transport were presented in details. The main focus was on provide assumptions to implement innovative wagons and their areas of influence.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport; 2014, 29, 1; 17-26
    0866-9546
    2300-8830
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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