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Tytuł:
Procedure For Out-Of-Court Resolution Of Consumer Distputes in Light of the Act of 23 September 2016
Autorzy:
Broński, Włodzimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1804871.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-11-16
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
consumer alternative dispute resolution
consumer
consumer dispute
entrepreneur
Opis:
The ADR Act of 23 September 2016 addressing consumer dispute resolution implements the EP and EC ADR Directive of 21 May 2013 regulating consumer dispute resolution, and EU and EP Regulation 524/2013 of 21 May 2013 on Online Dispute Resolution in Consumer Disputes. The aim is to give consumers who engage in dispute resolution with business entities an option to apply to legal entities that offer independent, impartial, transparent and effective facilities of amicable dispute resolution. The aim is also to equip entrepreneurs with a necessary tool to avoid costly and prolonged court proceedings against consumers. This article discusses how the Act regulates the substance, commencement, conduct and conclusion of the proceedings in out-of-court settlement of consumer disputes.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych; 2017, 27, 4; 7-16
1507-7896
2544-5227
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Increasing Role of Mediation in Conflict Resolution in the Family
Rosnąca rola mediacji w rozwiązywaniu konfliktów w rodzinie
Autorzy:
Karaszewska, Hanna
Rajewska de Mezer, Joanna
Silecka-Marek, Ewelina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/919774.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
mediation
mediation proceedings
mediator
conflict
dispute resolution
Opis:
Conflict-related and disputable situations have been present in our lives since ancient times, when people have become aware of the need to protect their rights and interests, sometimes at odds with the aspirations of others. The conflict that emerges between people disturbs their relationships and poses a threat to the proper functioning of people, bringing with them negative emotions. However, it can be an opportunity for development, be treated as a change in interpersonal relationships and can ultimately produce positive effects. Mediation offers a possibility of converting the negative aspects of the conflict into constructive solutions. Being voluntary, confidential, non-formal, out-of-court proceedings, it enables the parties to come to an agreement, offering them the opportunity to actively participate in shaping the legal and social situation and exercising their rights and interests in the spirit of consensus. In the mediation process, the parties use the support of a professional, impartial, neutral mediator. The authors of the article promote the idea of mediation with full conviction that it is a valuable and effective way for conflicted parties and third parties and their relatives to reach a consensus on various issues, including family matters.
Źródło:
Studia Edukacyjne; 2019, 53; 285-299
1233-6688
Pojawia się w:
Studia Edukacyjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Alternative Procedures for Settling Tax Disputes
Autorzy:
Arzumanova, Lana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091914.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
mediation
tax mediation
alternative dispute resolution methods
Opis:
The article discusses an alternative way to settle a tax dispute through mediation. For the Russian law enforcement practice, this format of interaction is new, since the current law on mediation only since 2019 has established the possibility of its implementation in the public sphere of activity. At the end of 2020, the first precedent for considering a tax dispute through mediation appeared, which gave a positive result. The author discusses the pros and cons of using mediation in public legal relations and gives his vision of this process.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2021, 22, 3; 77-94
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How is Mediation Integrated into the Dispute Resolution System of Civil Cases in Hungary?
Autorzy:
Harsági, Viktória
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40276632.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
mediation
Hungary
alternative dispute resolution
civil justice
Opis:
The article deals with the integration of mediation into the Hungarian justice system, with particular attention to its historical aspects, the connection between litigation and mediation and the conditions for becoming a mediator, as well as the two types of mediation.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2023, 53, 2; 47-65
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contracts and Automation: Exploring the Normativity of Automation in the Context of U.S. Contract Law and E.U. Consumer Protection Directives
Autorzy:
Barnhizer, Daniel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
contract automation
unconscionability
consumer protection
dispute resolution
Opis:
Given a choice between two systems of contract rules, a court or legislature may have a normative obligation to adopt the rule that is more susceptible to coding and automation. This paper explores the ramifications of that normative proposition through the lens of multiple contract doctrines that traditionally involve “messy” judgments or multiple interacting judgments regarding which human beings are – arguably – capable of making finely nuanced analyses. Using the common law doctrine of unconscionability and Polish Civil Code Article 385 on unfair terms in consumer contracts, this paper explores the differences between contract rules that require human analysis versus those that can be applied with strong reliability by automated processes. Finally, the paper analyzes some of the potential pitfalls of this normative proposition in light of technological, economic, and moral/ethical concerns.
En donnant le choix entre deux systèmes de règles contractuelles, un tribunal ou une législature peut avoir l'obligation normative d'adopter une règle qui est plus susceptible de codification et d’automatisation. Cet article analyse les conséquences de cette proposition normative à travers des différentes doctrines contractuelles qui impliquent traditionnellement des jugements “désordonnés” ou des jugements multiples dépendant de la profondeur de l’analyse. En faisant la référence à la doctrine de “common law” de l’inconscience et à l’article 385 de Code Civil polonais concernant les clauses contractuelles abusives dans les contrats conclus avec les consommateurs, cet article explore les différences entre les règles contractuelles qui exigent une analyse humaine et celles qui peuvent être appliquées avec une grande fiabilité par des processus automatisés. Enfin, le document analyse certaines difficultés potentiels de cette proposition normative à la lumière des préoccupations technologiques, économiques et morales / éthiques.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2016, 9(14); 15-42
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Legal Notion of Adverse Inference in WTO Case Law
Autorzy:
Malskyy, Markiyan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31343175.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
adverse inference
WTO
fact-finding
dispute resolution
Opis:
Gathering evidence is of utmost importance in any legal proceeding. However, sometimes, one of the parties may hide specific evidence, which complicates the adjudicators’ reaching of a fair conclusion. For such cases, judges or arbitrators can use several tools, one of which is adverse inference. An adverse inference is a negative conclusion that may be drawn from a party’s failure to provide some evidence without a valid excuse for non-production. By drawing it, adjudicators assume this evidence would harm the party’s interests. At the same time, adverse inference is quite a radical tool because it may strongly impact the final decision. Because of this, adjudicators are sometimes cautious about using it. This paper analyzes the notion of adverse inference in the context of the dispute resolution mechanism available in the WTO. In particular, three cases were summarized in which the Appellate Body made interesting findings regarding the application of adverse inference. As a result of the work, conclusions from these cases are made that can be used by lawyers in future WTO disputes, as well as in other international and national dispute resolution fora.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2024, 1(53); 5-15
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Alternate Dispute Resolution: a Panacea to the Nigerian Judicial System
Autorzy:
Kehinde, Adeola
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082807.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-15
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
alternative dispute resolution
courts
judicial system
Nigeria
panacea
Opis:
The role of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in the management of cases and disputes in Nigeria and across the globe cannot be overemphasized. The judicial arm of the government is the arm responsible for interpretation of laws in Nigeria and the judiciary’s role in preserving the rights of citizens across Nigeria also cannot be overemphasized. It ensures that the society is stable in the face of insta-bility and ensures that lawlessness is not maintained. The judiciary ensures that laws made by the legislature are obeyed by ensuring that those who violate the provisions of any established laws are punished. In doing all these, it has been established that the system of administering justice in our courts in Nigeria is extremely slow. Considering the foregoing, alternative dispute resolution as a means of settling disputes has been of tremendous help in easing the hardship of getting cases resolved through the court system. This paper examines ways through which alternative dispute resolution has assisted the Nigerian judicial system and the need to use alternative dispute resolution the more in order to ensure that number of cases handled by courts are drastically reduced. Recommendations are made at the end of the research.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2022, 14, 1; 58-73
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Critical evaluation of new Council of Europe guidelines concerning digital courts
Autorzy:
Świerczyński, Marek Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2009977.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-10
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
online dispute resolution
artificial intelligence
Council of Europe
guidelines
Opis:
Digitalisation of courts plays an increasingly important role in dispute resolution. It has the ability to improve access to justice by facilitating faster and less costly access to courts, thereby making dispute resolution more effective and efficient. However, wide use of digital courts also has the potential to restrict access to justice. Attention needs to be given to issues of authentication and identification of the parties, digital divide, cybersecurity and personal data protection. This paper concerns recent guidelines of the Council of Europe that aim to fully address these issues and assist member States in ensuring that implemented digital techniques in the courts do not undermine human dignity, human rights and fundamental freedoms. The author answers and critically evaluates the specific questions and doubts relating to the content of the guidelines. The author’s recommendations can be taken into consideration by the Council of Europe in future updates of the guidelines.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 48, 1; 133-155
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ADR in Sport on the Example of Association Football in Poland and Ukraine
Autorzy:
Sławicki, Piotr
Kryzhanivskyi, Viktor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40441760.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
alternative dispute resolution
association football
sports law
mediation
arbitration
Opis:
The subject of this article is the use of ADR in sports disputes in association football under the Polish and Ukrainian law. Professional and amateur sport generates various types of disputes related to both disciplinary and civil cases, an example of which may be disputes arising during the execution of contracts binding players and football clubs. In the first part, the scope of disputes that are subject to ADR in association football is outlined. The next part presents legal solutions adopted under the Polish law in this respect, of which the activity of the Football Arbitration Court of the Polish Football Association is a particular example. The last chapter is devoted to the Ukrainian perspective on the resolution of disputes in association football.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2023, 53, 2; 149-168
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mediation as Means of Communication for Public Administration in Settling Administrative Disputes
Autorzy:
Kułak-Krzysiak, Katarzyna
Śwital, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40453166.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
mediation
communication
public administration
administrative procedure
alternative dispute resolution
Opis:
Nowadays solutions are sought for public administration to involve citisens in decision-making as one of the ways of promoting the development of civil society and thus to foster democratic forms of government. Public administration is looking for efficient methods of resolving administrative disputes. Administrative mediation serving the purpose of ensuring proper communication between the parties to administrative proceedings is one of such methods. Mediation in public administration hinges upon the definition of communication rules. The aim of this paper is to define communication from the perspective of legal science and discuss its application in the administrative mediation proceedings. In this article, we discuss the essence, the subject matter and the object of mediation as well as the legal regulations governing the mediation procedure and consider the possibility of applying mediation to the administrative procedure, as exemplified by the related case law. The study has been conducted by means of the legal research methods, in particular the legal-dogmatic approach and the legal functionalism approach.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2023, 54, 3; 279-301
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mutual Agreement Procedure in Ukraine
Autorzy:
Kasianenko, Liubov
Umrykhina, Irina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1930589.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
tax dispute resolution
double taxation
interpretation
domestic implementation
international treaties
Opis:
Mutual agreement procedure (MAP) is an important instrument for resolving disputes on taxation not in accordance with the provisions of double taxation agreements. Nevertheless, its potential was not applied widely neither by taxpayers nor by the competent authorities in Ukraine. In 2020, the national legislator introduced changes to the Tax Code of Ukraine that might positively impact on the practice of application of MAP in Ukraine and make it more certain and comfortable for taxpayers and tax authorities. The taxpayers received the right to initiate MAP between competent authorities of contracting states in case of taxation not in accordance with the provisions of double taxation treaties. At the same time, the new legal provisions have few deficiencies in comparison with the international standards of international taxation included in the OECD MTC and its commentaries. Based on the results of the comparative analysis, the amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine are proposed in the article.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie; 2021, 2(30); 51-65
1643-6911
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Digitalisation of ADR proceedings in consumer cases, with particular emphasis on the institutions of the Financial Ombudsman and Coordinator for Negotiations
Autorzy:
Mroczyński-Szmaj, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1963601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
digitalization
consumer
Financial Ombudsman
Coordinator for negotiations
online dispute resolution (ODR)
Opis:
The purpose of this paper is to present changes in legislation during 2013-2017 in the area of consensual dispute resolution with the participation of consumers—in particular with regard to the emergence of electronic procedures. Various features of the analysis of law in force as well as the analysis of law as has it evolved in history are used in the implementation of this objective. The author addresses model European solutions provided under Regulation (EU) No 524/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2013 on online dispute resolution for consumer disputes and amending Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 and Directive 2009/22/EC (Regulation on consumer ODR) and presents two important institutions of consensual dispute resolution with the participation of consumers within the framework of the European ODR platform. The author concludes that the introduction of digital procedures cuts down expenses, the duration of disputes and provides a realistic option of achieving its final result; it is also stressed that this is of particular significance in the resolution of cross-border disputes within 90 days – where we encounter obstacles in the form of different national legal orders or language barriers. The author furthermore indicates that an important advantage of the ODR platform consists in the possibility of going through intuitive steps with the assistance of complaint creators, recording drafts, and checking consumer rights, which is very convenient for consumers, who are not particularly proficient in the operation of mobile devices. However, the author also notes that the various institutions involved in the out-of-court dispute resolution may differ in their legal status or possibilities of resolving a particular dispute (for example, the Financial Ombudsman and the Coordinator for negotiations cannot deliver binding arbitration decisions). By the same token, in selecting an ODR entity, it must be borne in mind that not all of them can resolve a dispute between parties in a binding manner.
Źródło:
Acta Iuris Stetinensis; 2021, 33; 115-132
2083-4373
2545-3181
Pojawia się w:
Acta Iuris Stetinensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Damages Directive and Consensual Approach to Antitrust Enforcement
Autorzy:
Moisejevas, Raimundas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530189.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
antitrust damage
consumers
arbitration
alternative dispute resolution
mediation
consensual dispute resolution
Lithuania
private enforcement of competition law
antitrust damage claims
Directive on antitrust damages actions
consensual settlements
Opis:
The article focuses on the novelties introduced by the Damages Directive in the field of consensual settlements of disputes concerning private enforcement. The Damages Directive obliges Member States to ensure that the limitation period for bringing an action for damages is suspended for the duration of any consensual dispute resolution process. The Directive also establishes the main principles that govern the effect of consensual settlements on subsequent actions for damages. Since the EU framework for consensual dispute resolution of private enforcement disputes is quite new, many issues must still be solved in Member States’ practice. While analysing consensual dispute resolution in private enforcement cases, particular interest should be paid to mediation and arbitration as a form of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). Mediation is often used in competition law litigation. In a mediation process, parties are subject to fewer legal costs than in litigation and arbitration. It may thus be concluded that consensual dispute resolution is usually a faster way to receive compensation. However, voluntary arrangements and ADR in competition law still raise many problems concerning both procedural and substantial legal acts.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2015, 8(12); 181-194
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Education in Conflict Resolution as an Element
Autorzy:
Lakis, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/399040.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
edukacja
alternatywne metody rozwiązywania sporów
pośrednictwo
Litwa
education
alternative dispute resolution
mediation
Lithuania
Opis:
This paper examines some problems of educating people in alternative dispute resolution. The social, economic and political changes give rise to a greater level of conflict and inequality within any society that is undergoing transformation. We suggest that education in conflict management and resolution, and particularly with the respect to consensusbuilding techniques and collaborative interest-based approaches to conflict, can play an important role. Individuals who are used to alternative dispute resolution (ADR) better perceive their values and achieve their needs and are more active in decision making process. The better one can use consultation, negotiation and mediation the more society acquires the features of self-regulation and self-governance and the more efficient is counterweighing of social relations sharpened by modernization. Teaching and training the society in peaceful practice brings to people certitude that the best way of interacting with adversaries is to communicate and cooperate with them in solving problem which contradistinguished individuals or organisations. Modern conflict resolution development in Lithuania takes place in a wide legal, administrative, cultural and social environment. Actual conflict resolution curricula may be found in some university programs and postgraduate studies. The next stage will ensure the development of classes and programs in the fields of law, social psychology, political science, public administration, and sociology. Some corrections with elements of dispute resolution and peace education may be incorporated into the curricula of primary and secondary schools. Also certificate programs have to be designed for professionals solving commercial, social problems, dealing with extreme situations, and others, to meet their specific needs in conflict resolution skills. Long-term purposeful efforts while forming positive thinking, approach towards constructive activities and assertive behavior, that is the whole mental and cultural heritage, should be followed constantly in order to make negotiations, mediation and other alternative dispute resolution methods a part of public life and problem solution.
Źródło:
Ekonomia i Zarządzanie; 2011, 3, 2; 105-117
2080-9646
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia i Zarządzanie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mediation as an Instrument of Social Dialogue
Mediacja jako instrument dialogu społecznego
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, Aneta
Maj, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1928653.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Industrial dispute
peaceful dispute resolution methods
mediation
mediator
agreement
Spór zbiorowy
pokojowe metody rozwiązywania sporów
mediacja
porozumienie
Opis:
Disputes are inherent in social relations, so the role of the legislator is to introduce rules under which they can be resolved. The methods that make it possible to resolve them include ADR methods. Mediation as an alternative form of dispute resolution has been known since antiquity, nowadays its precursor is the United States of America, where at the turn of the 1970s and 1980s alternative methods of conflict resolution were developed. Mediation, next to bargaining and social arbitration, is one of the peaceful methods of solving collective labour disputes. It should be stressed that as a peaceful method of resolving collective disputes, it can be treated as one of the instruments of social dialogue. Dialogue is an inmamental feature of dispute resolution regardless of its typology, and in the case of collective disputes it can be a guarantor of the preservation of social peace. Hence, it is very important to create a legal framework and introduce instruments to increase its effectiveness.
Spory są wpisane w stosunki społeczne, zatem rolą ustawodawcy jest wprowadzenie przepisów, w oparciu o które mogą byś rozwiązywane. Metodami umożliwiającymi ich rozwiązywanie, są między innymi metody ADR. Mediacja jako alternatywna forma rozwiązywania sporów znana była już w starożytności, współcześnie za jej prekursora uznaje się Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki Północnej, gdzie na przełomie lat siedemdziesiątych i osiemdziesiątych XX w. rozwinęły się alternatywne metody rozwiązywania konfliktów. Mediacja obok rokowań i arbitrażu społecznego jest jedną z pokojowych metod rozwiązywania sporów zbiorowych pracy. Należy podkreślić, że jako pokojowa metoda rozwiązywania sporów zbiorowych, może być traktowana jako jeden z instrumentów dialogu społecznego. Dialog jest immanentną cechą rozwiązywania sporów niezależnie od ich typologii, a w przypadku sporów zbiorowych może być gwarantem zachowania pokoju społecznego. Stąd też bardzo duże znaczenie ma stworzenie ram prawnych i wprowadzenie instrumentów zwiększających jego skuteczność.
Źródło:
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego; 2021, 6 (64); 567-576
2082-1212
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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