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Tytuł:
Creating consumer protection law vs. responsible borrowing on the consumer loan market
Autorzy:
Borys, Grażyna
Manacka, Renata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/610982.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
consumer loans
consumer protection
responsible borrowing
Opis:
Responsible borrowing means a thorough reflection on the need to become indebted, full transfer of true information affecting creditworthiness, comprehensive analysis of the credit agreement, and refraining from avoiding the repayment of loan obligations. The main purpose of the article is to verify the hypothesis that Polish legislators make only the lenders fully responsible for excessive borrowing on the consumer loan market. The following research methods were used: critical analysis of the subject literature and economic analysis of the respective legal provisions. On the basis of the analyses conducted, areas were identified in which the legislator should use the appropriate legal instruments stimulating responsible borrowing. Among them the following were listed: the consumer’s obligation to prove the absence of overdue payments and the consumer’s notifiation of becoming acquainted with the terms of the loan agreement.
Responsible borrowing means a thorough reflection on the need to become indebted, full transfer of true information affecting creditworthiness, comprehensive analysis of the credit agreement, and refraining from avoiding the repayment of loan obligations. The main purpose of the article is to verify the hypothesis that Polish legislators make only the lenders fully responsible for excessive borrowing on the consumer loan market. The following research methods were used: critical analysis of the subject literature and economic analysis of the respective legal provisions. On the basis of the analyses conducted, areas were identified in which the legislator should use the appropriate legal instruments stimulating responsible borrowing. Among them the following were listed: the consumer's obligation to prove the absence of overdue payments and the consumer’s notification of becoming acquainted with the terms of the loan agreement.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia; 2019, 53, 3
0459-9586
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contracts and Automation: Exploring the Normativity of Automation in the Context of U.S. Contract Law and E.U. Consumer Protection Directives
Autorzy:
Barnhizer, Daniel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
contract automation
unconscionability
consumer protection
dispute resolution
Opis:
Given a choice between two systems of contract rules, a court or legislature may have a normative obligation to adopt the rule that is more susceptible to coding and automation. This paper explores the ramifications of that normative proposition through the lens of multiple contract doctrines that traditionally involve “messy” judgments or multiple interacting judgments regarding which human beings are – arguably – capable of making finely nuanced analyses. Using the common law doctrine of unconscionability and Polish Civil Code Article 385 on unfair terms in consumer contracts, this paper explores the differences between contract rules that require human analysis versus those that can be applied with strong reliability by automated processes. Finally, the paper analyzes some of the potential pitfalls of this normative proposition in light of technological, economic, and moral/ethical concerns.
En donnant le choix entre deux systèmes de règles contractuelles, un tribunal ou une législature peut avoir l'obligation normative d'adopter une règle qui est plus susceptible de codification et d’automatisation. Cet article analyse les conséquences de cette proposition normative à travers des différentes doctrines contractuelles qui impliquent traditionnellement des jugements “désordonnés” ou des jugements multiples dépendant de la profondeur de l’analyse. En faisant la référence à la doctrine de “common law” de l’inconscience et à l’article 385 de Code Civil polonais concernant les clauses contractuelles abusives dans les contrats conclus avec les consommateurs, cet article explore les différences entre les règles contractuelles qui exigent une analyse humaine et celles qui peuvent être appliquées avec une grande fiabilité par des processus automatisés. Enfin, le document analyse certaines difficultés potentiels de cette proposition normative à la lumière des préoccupations technologiques, économiques et morales / éthiques.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2016, 9(14); 15-42
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
State Policy of Consumer Protection in the Digital Financial Services Market in Ukraine
Autorzy:
Lobozynska, Sophia
Skomorovych, Iryna
Vladychyn, Ulyana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022739.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-02-06
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
financial consumer protection
digital financial services and products
public policy for consumer protection of digital financial services
Opis:
The rapid development of digital financial technologies in Ukraine leads to the emergence of new risks and to significant consumers’ losses in the financial market. The aim of the study is to develop strategic directions of state policy of consumer protection in the digital financial services market considering the best world practices and features of the financial system of Ukraine.System scientific analysis was used to study the possibilities of implementing international quality standards for digital financial services in Ukrainian legislation. The method of statistical analysis of data was used to form the imperial basis of the study.Based on the global experience and taking into account the peculiarities of Ukrainian fintech market the state policy should consist of three strategic directions: 1) create a system of legal regulation of the mechanism of protection of consumers’ rights of digital financial services; 2)introducing a risk-oriented approach to regulating the digital financial services delivery processto consumers; 3) strengthening of digital financial literacy and public awareness. Such state policy will form a reliable system of consumer protection in the digital services market in Ukraine.
Źródło:
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe; 2020, 2, 26; 51-62
2391-6478
2353-5601
Pojawia się w:
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
State Policy of Consumer Protection in the Digital Financial Services Market in Ukraine
Autorzy:
Lobozynska, Sophia
Skomorovych, Iryna
Vladychyn, Ulyana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2121688.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-03
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
financial consumer protection
digital financial services and products
public policy for consumer protection of digital financial services
Opis:
The rapid development of digital financial technologies in Ukraine leads to the emergence of new risks and to significant consumers’ losses in the financial market. The aim of the study is to develop strategic directions of state policy of consumer protection in the digital financial services market considering the best world practices and features of the financial system of Ukraine. System scientific analysis was used to study the possibilities of implementing international quality standards for digital financial services in Ukrainian legislation. The method of statistical analysis of data was used to form the imperial basis of the study. Based on the global experience and taking into account the peculiarities of Ukrainian fintech market the state policy should consist of three strategic directions: 1) create a system of legal regulation of the mechanism of protection of consumers’ rights of digital financial services; 2) introducing a risk-oriented approach to regulating the digital financial services delivery process to consumers; 3) strengthening of digital financial literacy and public awareness. Such state policy will form a reliable system of consumer protection in the digital services market in Ukraine.
Źródło:
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe; 2021, Numer Specjalny; 89-100
2391-6478
2353-5601
Pojawia się w:
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Marketing sent by banks to e-mail address in compliance with the law
Autorzy:
Wysocka, Kamila
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1978067.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
advertising law
marketing
consumer protection
spam
data protection
mailing
Opis:
This article covers considerations on the e-mail marketing of financial products and services aimed at consumers. The research paper presents the practice of banks used by those institutions in the e-marketing; basic concepts such as information, offer, advertisement, communication or spam have been considered. The article addresses in particular relevant problems linked to sending advertising materials by e-mail, i.e specifying what types of messages a bank may send to its customers, whether a bank may send such messages to all its customers, whether a bank may send such messages only to its customers, what the consumers rights with respect to receiving unwanted and unsolicited commercial information are. The research paper took into consideration current judicature and views of legal writers.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2018, 10, 2; 432-446
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Consumer Policy in Poland in the Period of Transformation
Autorzy:
Malczyńska-Biały, Mira
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1390790.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-03-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
consumer protection
economic policy
consumer policy
social policy
systemic transformation
Opis:
The article is based on an analysis of Polish and international legal acts, government programs and literature, and aims at presenting the concept and the scope of consumer policy in the period of systemic transformation in Poland. The publication features an analysis of the major factors shaping consumer policy in Poland in the years 1989-2004. Selected international legal acts affecting consumer protection in the years 1989-1997 were also analyzed. Elements of consumer policy present in selected governmental economic programs in the period of transformation were synthesized. It was assumed that consumer policy in the period of systemic transformation indirectly resulted from the economic policy of the government. Its shape was primarily affected by the social and economic transformation occurring since 1989 and the birth of free-market economy. The process of adjusting the Polish legislation to the European Union standards, which began in 1991, and subsequent accession to the European Union in 2004 also played an important role.
Źródło:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2017, 35; 129-141
0081-6485
Pojawia się w:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Public Enforcement of Consumer Law in Poland: Mission Impossible?
Autorzy:
Mucha, Jagna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
consumer protection
collective consumer interests
public enforcement
Act on Competition and Consumer Protection
practices infringing collective consumer interests
abusive clauses used in standard agreements
Opis:
The paper focuses on the issue of public enforcement of consumer law in Poland. This analysis considers exclusively the stage of administrative proceedings and it does not concern judicial control over the decisions issued. The analysis aims at answering the question whether the phenomenon of legal impossibilism is to be observed in the domain administrative proceedings instituted by the President of the UOKiK with the purpose of implementing consumer policy. The hypotheses to be verified in the foregoing are as follows: (i) there are procedural mechanisms which enable an authority to effectuate protection of consumer rights, operating to the public benefit, and that (ii) it might be reasonable to expect that these mecha nisms are exploited in practice by the President of the UOKiK. The first part con siders the legal framework for enforcing consumer rights with the use of public law mechanisms in Poland. In the second part, the discussion revolves around the practical application of the legal instruments by the President of the UOKiK. The conclusions constitute a starting point to initiate further, in depth empirical studies related to the activities undertaken by the President of the UOKiK with the aim to effectuate protection of consumer rights in Poland.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2021, 13, 2; 29-4
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Regulatory Consumer in EU and National Law? Case Study of the Normative Concept of the Consumer in Hungary and Poland
Autorzy:
Cseres, Katalin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529963.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
consumer protection
consumer image
EU
Central and Eastern Europe
law enforcement
Opis:
This paper analyzes the question how EU and national laws implemented and how courts and regulatory authorities apply two opposing regulatory approaches and the corresponding legally defined images of consumers in market regulation: the active and responsible consumer concept on the one side along with the more protective concept of vulnerable consumers on the other side. The paper examines the normative concept of the consumer from a broad perspective of market regulation by focussing on unfair commercial practices as this is a horizontal instrument involving a broad range of transactions in various markets and because the Unfair Commercial practices Directive 2005/29 specifically lays down the normative concept of the consumer (both ‘average’ and ‘vulnerable’) in its provisions. The analysis proceeds on the basis of the normative standard as developed in the ECJ’s jurisprudence on free movement rules and further provides a case study of two Central and Eastern European Member States – Hungary and Poland. It examines how EU law and national laws implemented, and how the ECJ and national courts and regulatory authorities interpret the normative concepts of the consumer (both ‘average’ and ‘vulnerable’). The specific questions the paper analyzes are: Do the existing normative notions of the ‘average’ consumer and the definition of consumers in EU and national law correspond to public policy discourse on consumers’ active role in regulating markets? How do these laws address the vulnerability of consumers? How do the EU and national law notions conceptually link to each other? And most importantly how do courts and regulatory authorities interpret these notions? The paper finds that while there are clear normative concepts of the consumer in the legislation and EU free movement jurisprudence, their application in other fields of EU consumer law, as well as in national law, demonstrate a more nuanced image of the consumer. The paper argues that the legal rules and the envisaged concepts of the consumer need to be enriched by insights from law enforcement. Moreover, both law and law enforcement must be informed both of how markets evolve and how the role of consumers changes as well as enriched by the results from other social sciences, most notably behavioural economics studying consumer behaviour.
Cet article analyse la question comment le droit de l’Union européenne et le droit national mettent en œuvre, ainsi que comment les tribunaux et les autorités de régulation appliquent, deux approches réglementaires opposées à l’image légal du consommateur dans le domaine de la réglementation des marchés : d’une part le concept de consommateur actif et responsable, et d’autre part le concept plus protectrice de consommateur vulnérable. L’article examine le concept normatif du consommateur dans une large perspective de régulation du marché en mettant l'accent sur des pratiques commerciales déloyales. C’est parce que c’est un instrument horizontal qui implique un vaste éventail de transactions sur les différents marchés et parce que le Directive 2005/29 relative aux pratiques commerciales déloyales des entreprises prévoit le concept normatif du consommateur (« moyen » et « vulnérable ») dans ses dispositions. L’analyse est basée sur le standard normatif développé dans la jurisprudence de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne concernant les dispositions sur la libre circulation, mais elle fournit aussi une étude de cas de deux États Membres d’Europe centrale et orientale - la Hongrie et la Pologne. Il examine comment le droit de l’Union européenne et les droits nationaux mettent en œuvre, et comment la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, les cours nationales et les autorités de régulation interprètent, les concepts normatifs du consommateur (« moyen » et « vulnérable »). Les questions spécifiques analysées dans l’article sont suivantes : Est-ce que les notions normatives concernant le consommateur « moyen » et la définition du consommateur dans le droit de l’Union européenne et la législation nationale correspondent aux discours de la politique publique sur le rôle actif des consommateurs dans la régulation des marchés? Comment ces lois traitent la vulnérabilité des consommateurs? Comment les concepts utilisés dans le droit de l’Union européenne et le droit national sont liées ? Et surtout, comment les tribunaux et les autorités réglementaires interprètent ces notions? L’article constate que bien qu'il existe des concepts normatifs clairs du consommateur dans la législation de l’Union européenne et dans la jurisprudence de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne concernant la libre circulation, leur application dans d’autres domaines du droit européen, notamment dans le droit du consommateur, ainsi que dans le droit national, démontrent une image plus nuancée du consommateur. L’article affirme que les règles juridiques et les concepts du consommateur doivent être enrichis par les expériences de l’application du droit. De plus, le droit et le système de son application doivent prendre en compte comment les marchés évoluent et comment le rôle des consommateurs change. De plus, le droit et le système de son application doivent être enrichi par l’expérience d'autres sciences sociales, notamment l'économie comportementale focalisé sur le comportement des consommateurs.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2016, 9(13); 9-42
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Social responsibility of the manufacturer in a scope of product safety
Społeczna odpowiedzialność producenta w zakresie bezpieczeństwa produktów
Autorzy:
Hąbek, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/360259.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
CSR
RAPEX
HERMES
interesariusze
ochrona konsumenta
stakeholders
consumer protection
Opis:
In this paper product safety issues were presented from the perspective of running a socially responsible company. The first part outlined the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Then two initiatives related to this concept were presented, stressing the themes on consumer protection. Next the regulations and systems to ensure the health and safety of consumers were discussed.
W artykule przedstawiona została problematyka bezpieczeństwa produktów z perspektywy działania przedsiębiorstwa społecznie odpowiedzialnego. W pierwszej części zarysowano pojęcie społecznej odpowiedzialności przedsiębiorstw (CSR). W dalszej kolejności zaprezentowano dwie inicjatywy związane z tą koncepcją, a w szczególności zwrócono uwagę na zawartą w nich tematykę ochrony konsumentów. Następnie omówiono regulacje prawne oraz systemy mające na celu zapewnienie ochrony zdrowia i bezpieczeństwa konsumentów.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2011, 27 (99) z. 1; 52-58
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
From the Roots to the Present of Personal Financial Planning – Achievements on the 50th Anniversary of the Movement
Autorzy:
Waliszewski, Krzysztof
Welch, H. Oliver
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022956.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-03-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
personal financial planning
financial advisors
personal finance
consumer protection
Opis:
The purpose of the article The aim of the article is to present the reasons for the emergence of personal and financial planning in the 1960s in the US, and then its quantitative and qualitative evolution around the world, taking into account institutional aspects. Methodology Review of the literature on the subject, legal acts and statistics of the financial advisory movement. Results of the research The study found that personal financial planning emerged from a grassroots initiative as a response to the needs of consumers and progressive representatives of the financial sector. Its territorial expansion beyond its homeland was associated with a growing awareness of the benefits of financial advisory services to households. Before the entire financial planning movement there is enormous growth potential.
Źródło:
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe; 2021, 1, 29; 129-153
2391-6478
2353-5601
Pojawia się w:
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Customer as a Subject of Protection on the Financial Market in European Union
Autorzy:
Cyman, Damian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091840.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-10-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
Financial market
consumer protection
financial stability
financial services
financial crises
Opis:
The crisis begun in 2007 exposed the weakness of the existing regulations, revealing challenges for legislators all over the world. Financial stability started to be understood as an essential value for the proper operation of the financial market. It has become important to address the question as to how to protect financial markets from more crises, or at least alleviate their effects. The idea of supervision of a financial market has undergone thorough transformation. Particular emphasis has been placed on protecting buyers of financial services. Adequate customer protection has been recognized as a sign of trust in the market and its stability and has gained systemic importance and relevance for the European financial system. There is a growing tendency to enlarge the group of subjects eligible for special protection. it is becoming an increasingly common idea that not only consumers but all non-professional customers should be protected. The idea is becoming widespread that the weaker party to a legal transaction can be not only a consumer [natural person] but also a non-professional market entity. Such a solution is certainly appropriate. Narrowing down the ‘consumer’ to a natural person may seem artificial and out of line with market realities, not to mention the serious consequences of bad financial decisions taken by non- professional financial market participants. Another important challenge facing the modern financial market is to establish a system of institutional safeguards to ensure security for all market entities and to enforce fair play rules. However, even the best provisions of substantive law, though necessary, may prove to fall short. Therefore, there is a pressing need for strong and competent both state and international institutions duly equipped with auditing and supervisory powers to deal with the present situation. They should also have the possibility of enforcing substantive laws in a way that allows for flexible responses to any emerging threat to the protected values. The shift towards a regulatory and supervisory method of protection sets a more serious tone for the supervision model adopted for the financial market. In it, the market is responsible not only for ensuring that the supervised entities operate correctly, but also for the quality of services that they provide.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2021, 24, 4; 43-54
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The interpretation of the notion of public interest in Polish public competition law according to the judgement of the Court of Competition and Consumer Protection of February 4, 2015 (XVII AmA 163/11)
Autorzy:
RADUŁA, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529800.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
public competition law
public interest
Court of Competition and Consumer Protection
Opis:
The notion of a public interest in administrative law science and in the administration science occupies the central position in the notion chart. Consequently, it is also the main notion of public protection of competition. The legislator has not decided to present a definition of “the public interest” in the Competition and Consumer Protection Law Act. As a result, interpretation of the concept is largely dependent on the judicature. The aim of the paper is to analyse the notion of a public interest and its interpretation both in science and in practice of law application.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2017, No. 2; 131-145
2353-9119
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Członkostwo w Unii Europejskiej a bezpieczeństwo ekonomiczne konsumentów w Polsce
Autorzy:
Malczyńska - Biały, Mira
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26850919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Zamojska
Tematy:
consumer
consumers economic security consumer rights
consumer protection
konsument
bezpieczeństwo ekonomiczne konsumentów
prawa konsumentów
ochrona konsumentów
Opis:
Artykuł oparty został na analizie aktów prawa wspólnotowego, krajowego oraz literatury przedmiotu i ma na celu przedstawienie bezpieczeństwa ekonomicznego polskich konsumentów w kontekście członkostwa w Unii Europejskiej. Podstawowym celem artykułu jest ukazanie wpływu członkostwa Polski w Unii Europejskiej na wybrane aspekty ochrony prawnej bezpieczeństwa ekonomicznego polskich konsumentów. Przyjęto, że na bezpieczeństwo ekonomiczne polskiego konsumenta wpłynęły zasadniczo dwa czynniki. Zaliczano do nich zmianę systemu społeczno-gospodarczego po 1989 roku oraz wprowadzenie gospodarki wolnorynkowej. Po drugie, rozpoczęcie w 1991 roku procesu dostosowania prawodawstwa polskiego w zakresie ochrony ekonomicznej konsumenta do standardów unijnych oraz w konsekwencji akcesja w 2004 roku do Unii Europejskiej. W tekście nazwano i wyselekcjonowano wybrane akty prawa unijnego i krajowego w zakresie bezpieczeństwa ekonomicznego konsumentów. Przedstawiono analizę wybranych elementów prawnej ochrony polskich konsumentów w kontekście bezpieczeństwa ekonomicznego w perspektywie akcesji do Unii Europejskiej. W dalszej części syntezie poddano poprawę bezpieczeństwa ekonomicznego polskich konsumentów podczas zakupów transgranicznych po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej. Wskazano również na zaostrzenie regulacji prawnych w zakresie przeciwdziałania stosowaniu przez przedsiębiorców nieuczciwych klauzul umownych.
The Article is based on an analysis of the acts of EU Community law, national law and subject literature. It aims at presenting the economic security of Polish consumers within the context of European Union membership. The main purpose of the article is to show how EU membership influences the economic security of Polish consumers. It is assumed that there were two factors that affected this issue: firstly, the change of socio-economic system after the 1989 and the introduction of open market economy; and secondly in 1991 the process of the amendment of Polish legislation in the area of consumer protection to meet European standards, which culminated in accession to the European Union in 2004. Selected acts of EU and national law in the field of consumer safety have been chosen and named in the publication,. The article presents the analysis of selected elements of the legal protection of Polish consumers in the light of accession to the European Union. Furthermore, the article shows the improvement in economic security of Polish consumers involved in cross-border shopping after accession to the European Union. It also mentions the tightening of legislation pertaining to unfair contract terms and improvements connected with it.
Źródło:
Facta Simonidis; 2018, 11, 1; 161-170
1899-3109
Pojawia się w:
Facta Simonidis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Controlled Chaos with Consumer Welfare as the Winner – a Study of the Goals of Polish Antitrust Law
Autorzy:
Miąsik, Dawid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530187.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-12-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
competition
goals
public interest
efficiency
consumer protection
consumer welfare
competitor
economic freedom
restriction of competition
Opis:
This article presents the main issues relating to the goals of modern Polish competition law. It examines the relationship between the subject-matter of competition law, its function and its goals. It identifies various goals of competition law as well as their acceptance in the legal doctrine and jurisprudence. The study shows that the goals of Polish competition law have always been limited to enhancing efficiency and consumer welfare, with this latter term being understood in a post-Chicago-school fashions, rather than accordingly to its Chicago-school origin. This article shows how an 18-years competition law system, rather accidentally than deliberately, took the best ideas from both the American and the European legal tradition and mix them up into an incoherent, yet workable system of competition protection which is favourable towards efficient operations and, at the same time, safeguards consumers against exploitation and diminished choice.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2008, 1(1); 33-57
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Consumer Lending Protection. How to Prevent the Predatory Lending and “Debt Slavery” on the Small-Dollar Lending Market
Autorzy:
Mazur, Zofia M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35528772.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
financial consumer protection
small-dollar lending
predatory lending
unbanked households
COVID-19
Opis:
The purpose of the article/hypothesis. The present contribution is focused on the lending market, its credit products, and actors, with particular regard to the non-bank small-dollar lenders and the underserved borrowers. The purpose is to analyze some of the specific small-dollar loans and related legislative initiatives from the American and European financial markets which may constitute remedies to the problem of predatory lending. Methodology. The analysis was based on the legal and administrative acts and documents as well as on the doctrine related to the topic examined. Results of the research. The study revealed that the misleading, abusive conducts and numerous sales strategies of professionals operating on the banking market may regard almost any individual. These unethical practices have intensified during the pandemic, becoming particularly dangerous.
Źródło:
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe; 2022, 4, 36; 71-91
2391-6478
2353-5601
Pojawia się w:
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 50

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