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Tytuł:
An Excess or Deficiency of Legal Regulations of the Specific Part of Commercial Agreements Law in the Civil Code?
Autorzy:
Bielski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1965393.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
commercial law
commercial activities
commercial contracts
Opis:
One of the consequences of the post-1989 significant legislative activity of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland is the fact that legal acts that play a special role in the legal system (codes) are also subject to numerous amendments. What is the influence of such amendments on the cohesion and transparency of the legal regulations included in these codes? Was the intention to fulfil the demands of the business trading of the time, undoubtedly deserving of approval, by modernising the existing regulations, introducing new ones, and – potentially – abandoning those whose practical significance and application is currently marginal in the context of the discussed matter an essential motive for undertaking many legislative changes applied to the Civil Code regarding the legal regulations of economic relations – including in particular the legal regulations of the specific part of commercial contracts law – after the transformation of the socio-economic system in the years 1989–1990? Is it therefore possible to say with respect to the present shape of the specific part of commercial contracts law in the Civil Code that this is in an optimal state? Or perhaps there is an excessive or insufficient number of legal regulations in this matter? Are there any draft amendments to the said area of legal regulations? What directions do they follow? The subject matter of this paper is to search for answers to the questions asked above.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2019, 11, 2; 155-168
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Modernisation (Europeanisation) Process of the Turkish Commercial Law from 1850 to the Present
Autorzy:
Yasan, Mustafa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782500.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Turkish commercial law
Turkish law reform
Ottoman commercial law
Ernst Hirsch
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Opis:
The modernisation of Turkish commercial law is a process which has been continuing for 170 years and constitutes an important part of the modernisation process of the Turkish law system. The modernisation process of the Turkish commercial law which started in 1850 by Kanunname-i Ticaret (Codex of Commerce) has continued after the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, by Code of Commerce numbered 865 in 1926, Turkish Code of Commerce numbered 6762 in 1956, and lastly Turkish Code of Commerce numbered 6102 in 2011. This long process has just one clear purpose: modernisation. Although this process can only be perceived as being Westernised or Europeanised, this perception is incorrect. In fact, at the core of this process, the aim is to rise to the level of developed civilisations and to adapt to the developed modern legal systems.
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2019, 12; 271-283
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Excess or Deficiency of Regulations of the Commercial Activities Law in the Civil Code?
Autorzy:
Bielski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082832.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
commercial contracts law
deficiency of legal regulations
commercial activities law
Opis:
The author of the paper understands the term of “excess of legal regulations” as the situation of imposition of regulations governing a specific institution of the com-mercial activities law under the Civil Code, which are fully or partially obsolete from the point of view of the needs of contemporary business trading. The term of “deficiency of legal regulations”, in turn, is to denote a complete lack of a regula-tion of a specific institution of the commercial activities law as may be desired in the domain of contemporary business trading, or the existence of such a regulation but in a form that is limited, incapable of addressing the needs and challenges of the said domain. When it comes to the legal regulations of the commercial activi-ties law, the author argues that it is hard to regard the current legal situation in Poland as successfully fulfilling the requirements of a coherent legal system and of the legislative technique principles that are applied therein. In the text, the author provides a detailed explanation of why commercial activities governed by the Civil Code suffer from a substantial deficiency of legal regulations in the scope in question.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2019, 11, 4; 21-32
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Responsibility of the member of board of directors in stock corporation in Commercial Law
Autorzy:
Strapáč, Peter
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158786.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
responsibility of the member of board
commercial law
Opis:
The article deals with responsibility of a member of a board in Stock Corporation, which is inseparably linked with his funkcion and the member of the board cannot divest of that. The article comparatively refers to the valid legislation in the Slovak republic, the Czech Republic and Poland. The author not only mentions the valid legislation, but also points out the decisions of the Courts of the mentioned countries. The article refers to terminology issues and compares term „proffesional diligence“which is used in the Slovak republic with term „ diligence of due manager“which is used in the Czech republic.
Źródło:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2014, 2(8); 23-30
1730-0266
Pojawia się w:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Representation in the Polish legal system
Autorzy:
Mazan, Aleksander
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2172255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-16
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
Polish legal system
commercial law
National Court Register
Opis:
The following article is aimed at presenting definitions and typologies concerning the issues of representation in the Polish legal system. Synonymous or interchangeable usage of legal terminology concerning representation in economic activity may lead to considerable disruption to proper functioning of civil law entities, and especially commercial law entities.
Źródło:
Contemporary Central and East European Law; 2019, 1 (133); 104-117
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Contemporary Central and East European Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Impact of the Economic Legislation on the Restoration of the Polish State after the First World War
Autorzy:
Jastrzębski, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
business law
commercial law
law codification
the Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
The paper discusses the issue of the impact of Polish economic legislation on the restoration of the Polish State after the First World War. The author draws attention to those legal regulations that directly influenced the Polish legal order and constituted the result of the activity of the Polish legislature in the years 1918-1939. Most of those regulations were drafted by the Commission of Codification, which had been established under the Act of June 3, 1919, and were related to two periods of economic reform: firstly – the reform conducted by Wladyslaw Grabski along with the earlier legislation mainly related to the period of partition of the Polish state; and secondly – the times after 1926. Significantly, an overwhelming number of regulations were promulgated in the form of decrees with the statutory validity issued by the President of the Second Republic of Poland, which actually eliminated the Polish Parliament from the legislative process. The purpose of these regulations was to unify economically the Polish lands and to create a uniform commercial law. It is worth emphasizing that such enactments as the Industrial Law of 1927, the Commercial Code, the Law of Arrangements with Creditors and the Insolvency Law (all enacted in 1934) remained in force also after 1945. Some of the aforementioned regulations, in particular the Commercial Code of 1934 that was finally repealed at the beginning of this century, largely affected the economic changes after 1989.
Źródło:
Optimum. Economic Studies; 2018, 1(91); 265-282
1506-7637
Pojawia się w:
Optimum. Economic Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Entstehung und Geschichte der Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung im deutschen Recht
Autorzy:
Peglow, Kerstin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621660.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
GmbH, commercial law, limited liability company, joint stock company
Opis:
The Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung – GmbH – is a widespread company form, known all over the world, which was adopted in 1892 by the German legislator. Its historical origins were essentially favored by important economic growth during the second half of the 19th- century. Smaller and medium-sized enterprises should be able to choose the legal form of the Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung in order to participate in a more convenient and easily accessible way in the country’s economic growth. This purpose could not be achieved by the highly regulated Aktiengesellschaft (public limited company) which was dedicated to large companies and was therefore too expensive and too complicated for smaller entities. Partnerships like, for instance, the Offene Handelsgesellschaft (general partnership) had the disadvantage that all partners were liable without restrictions to its creditors. The Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung was thought to cover the gap between corporations and partnerships. Despite some weaknesses, the Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung subsequently became a real model of success. Over the years, the Act on the GmbH was subject to constant reforms through practice and legislation, because it was necessary to take into account economic requirements and to counter maladministration in application of the GmbH Law. More recently, European legal standards had a further significant influence on the Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung. Since its creation, the GmbH has played a key role in German legal and economic life. It does exist in many diverse forms and has been for a long time the most popular form of company in Germany.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2012, 11; 205-223
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Corporate enterprises in Albania and Macedonia in comparative law
Autorzy:
Papajorgji, Endri
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036378.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
Corporate enterprises; Commercial Law; Private law; limited liability company; joint stock company
Opis:
Transformation is a process closely connected with reforms in the property-rights regime, but retransfering the ownership has been the core of this process in all post communist countries. The objective of this article is to analyse the drafting of commercial legislation in Albania and Macedonia and in which way corporate enterprises were affected from the structure of economic organizations during socialism.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2014, 10; 20-29
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Right to a Firm and Its Protection
Autorzy:
Skubisz, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43446398.pdf
Data publikacji:
1992-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
protection of property
company
law
company law
commercial law
business activity
firm
enterprise
Commercial Code
commercial register
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1992, 1-4(93-96); 15-23
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The council of the employees in the Albanian Commercial Law
Autorzy:
Biba, Diana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036662.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
commercial law
council of employees
representation of employees
co determination
Opis:
Law No. 9901/2008 on “Entrepreneurs and Commercial Companies”, marked a milestone in the reform of the commercial law in Albanian. Among other novelties, the Law introduced a new approach in regard to the employees and their participation in co determination. Actually, the involvement of the employees were not that unfamiliar in the former Albanian Commercial Legislation thought the social responsibility was. The Law brought in a new approach which was widely inspired from the EU Law, by establishing the Council of the Employees for any commercial company having more than 50 employees. It is true that unlike the trade unions, it is the company that bears the costs of the establishment and functioning of these councils, but besides the costs, it would mean to grant importance to the employees, as stakeholders of the corporate, by being part of the decision making process with regard to the use of special funds or actives of the company or to the allocation of the divided that the General Assembly resolves to allocate to the employees. This article will explore the legal provisions of the Law in regard to the Council of the Employees, its establishment, functioning and entitlement and how these provisions are enforced in practice from the companies in Albania.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2016, 13; 138-144
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Evolution of One Health concept – A European perspective
Autorzy:
Mełgieś, Katarzyna Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43539170.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
conflict of values
public commercial law
state intervention in the economy
Opis:
Over the past years, the European Union has been engaged in activities aimed at finding solutions to protect health in accordance with interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary thinking in line with the One Health approach. The experiences related to the Covid-19 pandemic, clearly demonstrated the close connection between humans, animals, and the shared environment and increased interest for this approach to be applied and translated into action. This paper seeks to present the readiness of the European Union and its institutions for the challenges related to the political and legal approach and implementation of One Health concept.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2024, 57, 2; 7-29
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Directive on Antitrust Damages Actions and Current Changes of Slovak Competition and Civil Law
Autorzy:
Blazo, Ondrej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530357.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
competition law
Directive 2014/104/EU
Slovakia
civil law
commercial law
reform of competition law
leniency programme
settlement
procedural law
Opis:
Slovak competition law enforcement can be characterized by infrequency of leniency applications and near absence of private enforcement. As a result, the adoption of the Damages Directive is not likely to cause substantial breakthrough in Slovakia, be it with respect to the rate of leniency applications or in private enforcement. A comprehensive amendment of Slovak competition law took place in 2014. Changes introduced therein reflected, among other things, the practice of the European Commission regarding access to its file. A new approach was also introduced towards damages claims submitted against leniency applicants. The paper will first consider the question whether it is necessary to further redesign these new Slovak rules because of the adoption of the Damages Directive, or if they have been successfully pre-harmonized. Along with changes to Slovak competition law, procedural rules for civil courts were also re-codified. Hence the second part of this analysis will focus on the question if a new civil procedure framework, including obligatory harmonization, could foster private enforcement of competition law. Summarizing the resulting answers, the third question focuses on who could benefit from further changes to Slovak legislation – final consumers or enterprises that are involved in the production chain. Finally, will changes in Slovak legislation driven by the Directive be coherent with its overall legal system, or will they appear to be an odd and peculiar piece of legislation?
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2015, 8(12); 259-272
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Settlement of Conflicts of Values in the Area of Public Commercial Law. Comments in Relation to European Union Law
Autorzy:
Długosz, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40259250.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
conflict of values
public commercial law
Europeanisation of the law
weighting of values
state intervention in the economy
Opis:
The author identifies two ways in which value conflicts can be solved in the area of public commercial law and proves that the method of weighing values and finding a compromise solution is predominant because of the strong politicization of public commercial law and the need to respond to dynamic changes in the economy. He also makes other suggestions on the values present in public commercial law and raises issues, among others, of Europeanisation of law and the impact of European Union law on the resolution of value conflicts, as well as the problems of economization of law and judicial review of decisions that are carried out in conditions of strong politicization.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2023, 52, 1; 49-62
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
CAPITALISING ON TRANSLATION MARKET DATA IN THE FIELD OF COMMERCIAL LAW
ZNACZENIE DANYCH RYNKOWYCH W TŁUMACZENIU TEKSTÓW PRAWA HANDLOWEGO
Autorzy:
WIĘCŁAWSKA, Edyta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/921150.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-05-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
komunikacja interlingwalna
tłumaczenia prawnicze
prawo handlowe
kontekst środowiska sądowego
interlingual communication
legal translation
commercial law
court settings
Opis:
The author presents data gathered in an online survey questionnaire (https://www.interankiety.pl/i/RGmj5rDv) which is a part of a broader research project related to the quality of translation of English language documents in the field of commercial law that are processed in the judicial registration proceedings in reference to the entities subject to registration at the Register of Entrepreneurs of the National Court Register (RP, KRS). The questions and hypotheses posed by the author relate to the relationship or comparison of nation-wide data concerning cases with foreign element in the context of the documents in translation on file in the National Court Register (source texts and their certified translations).The survey is the first stage of this project and has been ascribed a number of aims: allowing for a definition of the genre profile of the corpus texts; identifying the general sociologically conditioned tendencies in their structure; and – primarily – determining the practically feasible search criterion for compiling a design corpus for further quantitative and qualitative analysis of selected language structures (the ensuing stages of the said project). 
Autor prezentuje dane uzyskane w ramach przeprowadzonego badania sondażowego z wykorzystaniem ankiety autorskiej online (https://www.interankiety.pl/i/RGmj5rDv), które stanowi część większego projektu badawczego dotyczącego jakości pisemnych tłumaczeń dokumentów angielskojęzycznych z zakresu prawa handlowego, jakie stanowią załączniki w postępowaniu przed sądem rejestrowym, dotyczącym podmiotów podlegających wpisowi do Rejestru Przedsiębiorców Krajowego Rejestru Sądowego (RP, KRS). Postawione pytania badawcze lub hipotezy dotyczą relacji lub porównania ogólnopolskich danych dotyczących spraw z elementem zagranicznym w kontekście zalegających w aktach sądowych, w przedmiotowych wydziałach KRS dokumentów anglojęzycznych wraz  z ich poświadczonymi tłumaczeniami.Kwestionariusz został przeprowadzony z uwagi na wiele czynników: zdefiniowanie profilu gatunkowego tekstów, które bedą stanowić korpus, określenie ogólnych, socjologicznie uwarunkowanych tendencji w strukturze tych tekstów oraz – przede wszystkim – określenie wymiernego i możliwego do zastosowania klucza do wyłonienia kryterium wyszukiwania dokumentów, które będą stanowić korpus do przeprowadzenia dalszej analizy ilościowej oraz jakościowej wybranych struktur jezykowych (kolejne etapy projektu).
Źródło:
Comparative Legilinguistics; 2018, 33, 1; 89-115
2080-5926
2391-4491
Pojawia się w:
Comparative Legilinguistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
S24 system and its development as an innovation in business
Autorzy:
Kaczorowski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/325228.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
electronic registration
S24 system
commercial law company
innovations in business
rejestracja elektroniczna
system S24
spółka prawa handlowego
innowacje w biznesie
Opis:
This article describes the system used for electronic registration of companies, called “S24”, as a development in business. The article presents reasons behind the creation of said system, its legal basis, development and impact, especially in the case of small and medium-sized enterprises. This paper also describes some of the difficulties encountered when using the system.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2019, 134; 72-81
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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