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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Improving growth indices and productivity of phytochemical compounds in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) through induced polyploidy
    Autorzy:
    Talei, D.
    Fotokian, M.H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097129.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    colchicine
    flavonoid
    lemon balm
    physiological traits
    rosmarinic acid
    Opis:
    The induction of polyploidy using mutagenic chemicals is one of the plant breeding methods to enhance the production of secondary metabolites. In the current research, to induce polyploidy in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) plants, seeds were treated with different concentrations of colchicine for various exposure times. A factorial experiment was performed using a randomized complete block design with two factors: colchicine concentrations with four levels (control, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2%) and exposure times with three levels (24, 48, and 72 h) and three replicates. The physiological and phytochemical traits of plants were measured at a 4–6 leave stage. The results indicated that different concentrations of colchicine had a significant effect on the chlorophyll a (Chl.a), chlorophyll b (Chl.b), carotenoid, phenol, flavonoid, and rosmarinic acid contents. The exposure times of colchicine also caused significant changes in Chl.a, Chl.b, carotenoid, phenol, flavonoid, and rosmarinic acid amounts (P # 0.01). Increasing the colchicine concentration significantly increased the physiological and phytochemical traits at 0.05% and 0.1% concentration in comparison to the control (P # 0.01). In contrast, the interaction of colchicine concentration and exposure time had a significant effect on Chl.a, Chl.b, carotenoid, and rosmarinic acid amounts. The findings of this study indicate that one of the effective methods in primary screening of polyploidy plants in the polyploidization breeding program is the estimation of the physiological changes, the contents of chlorophyll a and b, and the total amount of chlorophyll and secondary metabolites. Flow cytometry is recommended to be used for the accurate identification of the ploidy level in M. officinalis.
    Źródło:
    BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2020, 101, 3; 215-226
    0860-7796
    Pojawia się w:
    BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Induced chromosome doubling in microspores and regenerated haploid plants of Brassica napus
    Autorzy:
    Szala, L.
    Sosnowska, K.
    Cegielska-Taras, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2117814.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    Brassica
    chromosome doubling
    colchicine
    doubled haploids
    in vitro
    microspores
    methods
    Opis:
    The spontaneous diploidization rates in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) via in vitro androgenesis are too low for practical applications. In contrast, artificial doubling of chromosomes of the microspore has proven to be more successful and allows homozygous plants to be obtained in a short time. Here, we present the efficiency of diploidization of B. napus haploids using three different chromosome doubling methods. Using the in vitro approach in microspores, the rate of chromosome doubling in 24 populations of androgenic plants ranged from 15.8% to 94.0%. An alternative in vivo method for the induction of chromosome doubling involves colchicine treatment of young haploid plants, and this yielded doubling rates ranging from 47.5% to 86.4% in 10 different plant populations. Another in vivo method of chromosome doubling is colchicine treatment of the excised young axillary shoots of haploid plants at the early flowering stage. The high efficiency of this method was confirmed in haploid plant populations from 11 genetically distinct donors in which the frequency of occurrence of diploids ranged from 53.3% to 100%. However, in this case, the time required for seed formation from doubled haploids increased by about 3–5 months. The availability of several methods of chromosome doubling at various stages of the androgenic process – from isolated microspores through to young plants and flowering plants – allows seeds to be obtained from nearly every selected individual haploid.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica; 2020, 62, 1; 23-31
    0001-5296
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Studies on the effect of EMS and colchicine in M1 generation of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) var. TMV3
    Autorzy:
    Anbarasan, K.
    Rajendran, R.
    Sivalingam, D.
    Chidambaram, A.C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11750.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    EMS zob.ethyl methanesulphonate
    ethyl methanesulphonate
    colchicine
    M1 generation
    sesame
    Sesamum indicum
    Opis:
    Seeds of sesame (Sesamum indicum L), genotypeTMV3 were treated with various concentrations of EMS and Colchicine like 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 % and the LD50 values observed at 1.0 % of EMS and 0.6 % of Colchicine. Based on their LD50 values appreciable concentrations only selected for further study and their effects on various morphological characters such as plant height per plant, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, days to first flowering, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule and seed yield per plant (g) were measured quantitatively and the results showed that all the characters were consequently or significantly reduced when compared to control and also EMS showed more effective than colchicine.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 11, 2
    2300-9675
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Natural Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Meiosis and fertility in spontaneous tetraploids of Festuca pratensis [Huds.]
    Autorzy:
    Wisniewska, H
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048194.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1995
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Festuca pratensis
    grain
    fertility
    Lolium perenne
    plant genetics
    pollination
    chromosome configuration
    spontaneous tetraploid
    germination
    Lupinus luteus
    colchicine
    meiosis
    chromosome pairing
    polyploidization
    Opis:
    The paper is the second part of the studies on spontaneous tetraploids of Festuca pratensis, morphological characters of which were given in the previous article (WIŚNIEWSKA 1994). This paper deals with meiosis in PMCs of spontaneous tetraploids of Festuca pratensis and their F₁ progeny (2n=28) and describes the fertility of these plants in comparison to that of the colchitetraploid cv. Westa and diploid cv. Skrzeszowicka. Different chromosome parings were found in three spontaneous tetraploids. In tetraploid 4/2, most frequently quidrivalents (5.72 IV per 1 PMC) were observed, whereas in tetraploids 465/2 and 534/2, bivalents were prevailing (5.36 and 5.65 II per cell, respectively). The rest of chromosomes remained as univalents, formed trivalcnts and uncountable chromosome associations. Spontaneous tetraploid plants had dehiscent anthers and a high pollen grain fertility (from 78.0 to 94.5%). The degree of seed setting at self-pollination in these plants was low. However, at open pollination, they set a little less seeds than the diploid cv. Skrzeszowicka and the cv. Westa. The plant Si obtained from selfed of spontaneus tetraploids were all tetraploids (2n=28). Seeds obtained from open pollination of spontaneous tetraploids, gave rise to 160 plants of F₁ and all were also tetraploid. No large differences in chromosome pairing.were observed in plants of F₁. At metaphase I a predominant number of bivalents (from 4.72 to 6.05 II) and a smaller number of quadrivalents (from 3.96 to 4.63 IV), were observed. All the plants of F₁ and S₁ generations had dehiscent anthers. Pollen grain viability of Fi plants was high (88.0-90.0%) and similar to that of the parental forms (78.0-89.5%) in the same year of the studies. The average seed setting of all studied F₁ plants at self-pollination ranged from 0.15 to 0.22%, being lower than that of the parental forms. At open pollination it ranged from 34.2 to 36.0%, which was higher than or similar to that of the parental forms in the same year.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Applied Genetics; 1995, 36, 3; 205-213
    1234-1983
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Applied Genetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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