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Tytuł:
Method for efficient distribution of means to reduce CO2 emissions in a set of power plants
Autorzy:
Kałuszko, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406407.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
CO2 emissions
reduction
dynamic programming
Opis:
A method for the allocation of technologies of reduction of CO2 emission to sources of emissions based on dynamic programming has been described. The purpose of the application of the method was to develop an efficient strategy of allocating financial means for reducing CO2 emissions from a set of coal and lignite fired power plants (carbon dioxide sources) which enables reduction of the total emissions to the required level within a given time horizon, at the minimum cost. The application of the method is illustrated based on the set of the 20 largest Polish coal and lignite fired power plants.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2013, 23, 2; 55-65
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of CO2 emissions for selected flight parameters of a business jet aircraft
Autorzy:
Pawlak, Małgorzata
Kuźniar, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243573.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
CO2 emissions
jet engines
business jet aircraft
Opis:
In the last two decades, there has been observed a noticeable increase in the popularity and availability of air transport services, including regional ones. This intensive development of transport is accompanied by an increase in the adverse impact to the environment, increases noise level, and exhausts emissions, despite the modification and modernization of engines. Determining the emission for regional flights takes into account the specificity of the aircrafts design, such as the size of the aircraft and the performance of the engines. In this article, an attempt was made to determine the CO2 emissions of a business jet flying from Gdansk to Rzeszow. The methodology of the research (the method of calculating emissions based on fuel consumption) and the performance characteristics of the aircraft engines have been described. In the first part of the article, the speed-altitude characteristics of the DGEN-380 engine for different cruise parameters were determined using the virtual engine test bench WESTT CS/B. These characteristics have enabled the engine to match the flight characteristics (altitude, speed). For specific flight parameters, the thrust and fuel consumption were determined. On this basis, for the adopted trajectory and flight time of an aircraft equipped with two DGEN-380 engines, total fuel consumption and CO2 emission factors and values in CRUISE phase was determined with regard to the wind speed and direction. The obtained results were illustrated graphically and discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2019, 26, 3; 155-163
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A conceptual scheme for modelling forestry and LUC CO2 emissions in Ukraine
Autorzy:
Turkovska, O.
Gustil, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411128.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
Tematy:
LULUCF
CO2 emissions
Ukraine
information technology
modeling
Opis:
A number of global land-use change and forest management models for studying CO2 emissions in land-use change and forestry, in particular: G4M, GLOBIOM, Land- SHIFT, GTM and GCOMAP are considered. The main issues and features of forestry in Ukraine (e.g. illegal forest harvesting, lack of reliable and consistent data on forestry, difference between concepts of Ukrainian and international legislation in forestry) are analyzed. A conceptual scheme for modelling forestry and land-use CO2 emissions in Ukraine is developed.
Źródło:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes; 2013, 2, 1; 57-62
2084-5715
Pojawia się w:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A novel method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of energy fuels
Autorzy:
Iliev, Iliya Krastev
Beloev, Hristo Kvanov
Ilieva, Diana Ivanova
Badur, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204064.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
emission factors
CO2 emissions
SO2 emissions
dust emissions
stoichiometric equations
Opis:
An analysis of the methods used in Bulgaria for estimating CO2, SO2 and dust emissions has been conducted. The first methodology, which is officially used by all energy auditors at the Agency for Sustainable Energy Development targets the energy efficiency of combustion devices installed mainly at industrial enterprises. The second methodology, used by the Ministry of Environment and Water, is more comprehensive and can be applied to thermal power plants, small combustion plants as well as industrial systems. In recent years, many projects related to energy efficiency and renewable energy projects, including hydrogen technologies, which require an assessment of reduced greenhouse gas emissions, have been implemented as a priority. The use of reliable and accurate methods is essential in the assessment of greenhouse emissions. A novel methodology, based on stoichiometric equations of the combustion process for solid, liquid and gaseous fuels has been proposed and comprised. This novel methodology is characterized by higher precision compared to the methods currently in place and this is achieved through calculating emissions from the combustion of energy fuels accounting for the full elemental composition of the fuel and its heating value, whereas the current commonly applied methods use only the fuel type and the carbon content. A further benefit of the proposed methodology is the ability to estimate emissions of fuels for which there is no alternative method for calculating CO2, SO2 and dust. Results of emission calculations according to the analysed methods are presented. Finally, a comparative analysis between the presented methodologies including an assessment of their accuracy and universal applicability has been made.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2022, 43, 4; 3--20
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A method of passenger car braking and carbon dioxide emissions
Autorzy:
Andrzejewski, M.
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242835.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
road transport
car braking
road tests
CO2 emissions
Opis:
The article presents the results of road tests of the passenger car. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of variations in the vehicle braking methods on the carbon dioxide emissions. Inhibited using the gear ratios increase – less gear and using motion resistance while driving a rundown, in addition to using the brake system in the final stages of journeys made. The use of engine braking by drivers as a result of the reduction gear, for example during transport to the intersection, traffic light, railroad crossing, in place of the drive by coasting is particularly emphasized by the promoters of eco-driving. It is raised the issue of avoiding unproductive, from the viewpoint of the work efficiency of the engine, the engine idle speed. The verification of environmental aspects of the use of engine braking was made because of the testing under real traffic conditions. Test drives were carried out at the measuring section, free from traffic. The test vehicle accelerates to a speed of 50 km/h, and then two ways of the speed deceleration were used. The values of the concentration of harmful carbon dioxide in the exhaust gases were achieved by using a mobile apparatus for testing exhaust emissions.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 3; 257-261
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of the driving style on the CO2 emissions from a passenger car
Autorzy:
Merkisz, J.
Andrzejewski, M.
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Jacyna-Gołda, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242402.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
driving style
road tests
CO2 emissions
fuel consumption
Opis:
With the invention of specialized, portable research equipment, construction of which enabled road tests of vehicles, it has become possible to verify benefits ensuing from application of eco-driving rules outside the laboratory – the test stand measurements. Test of the vehicles’ operation in terms of ecology are essential especially in case of toxicity of exhaust gases in dynamic, transient conditions of engine operation. Despite the attempt to reflect those conditions in dynamic research tests, it is not possible for fully reconstruct real conditions of operation of vehicles of different homologation categories. Due to this fact in recent years, the biggest research potential in automotive industry has been focused right on the road tests of vehicles in real traffic conditions. The article presents the results of measurements of exhaust emissions of passenger car in real traffic conditions. The aim of this study was to initial verification how the driving style influences on the carbon dioxide emissions from vehicle engine and fuel consumption. The determinants were the measurements of the concentration of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere from the power unit of the tested vehicle. In the measurements, a portable exhaust emission analyser was used.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 219-226
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
CO2 Emission Reporting of Maritime and Air Transport in the Context of Sustainable Development
Autorzy:
Sulik-Górecka, Aleksandra
Strojek-Filus, Marzena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26073255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
Tematy:
zrównoważony rozwój
transport
emisja CO2
sprawozdawczość finansowa
sustainability
CO2 emissions
financial reporting
Opis:
The transport industry, and especially aviation and maritime transport, emits significant amounts of CO2, adversely affecting the environment. The Sustainable Development Goals not only indicate the need to reduce CO2 emissions, but also to provide access to information on the amount of emissions, on top of their environmental and financial impacts. The main source of this type of information is found in financial and non-financial statements prepared by entities of the transport sector. CO2 re-porting disclosures should be subject to the principle of true and fair view ensuring adequate materiality, transparency and comparability of information. The aim of the article is to assess the scope and method of reporting information on CO2 emissions in the financial and non-financial statements of selected groups of the air and maritime transport sector. By means of content analysis, disclosures on this subject were reviewed and compared against the applicable legal regulations in the field of CO2 emissions reporting for the industry. The results of the research indicate a significant differentiation in the methods of reporting, in particular relating to the valuation and presentation of CO2 emission allowances in reports on the financial position in air transport and the manner and scope of reporting non-financial information in maritime transport. The obtained results indicate insufficient comparability of the reported information and a need for harmonisation of the provisions of law regarding the scope and forms of reporting. The findings also indicate a need to combine financial and non-financial information in single reports in order to properly interpret the effects of emissions.
Źródło:
Production Engineering Archives; 2022, 28, 4; 381--389
2353-5156
2353-7779
Pojawia się w:
Production Engineering Archives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sustainable Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases Emissions
Zrównoważone przeciwdziałanie efektowi cieplarnianemu
Autorzy:
Cel, W.
Czechowska-Kosacka, A.
Zhang, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/371218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Komitet Człowiek i Środowisko PAN
Tematy:
greenhouse gases
CO2 emissions
sustainable development
gazy cieplarniane
emisja CO2
rozwój zrównoważony
Opis:
The emission and absorption fluxes of CO2 and CH4 in the environment have been characterized. It has been pointed out that the anthropogenic emission of CO2 amounts only to 3% of emissions from the natural sources. It has been also noted that increasing CO2 absorption of terrestrial ecosystems by 3% could inhibit the increase of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. This means that mitigation of global warming by intensifying natural processes is a more sustainable solution than performing expensive changes in energy policy. Lowering the emission of methane, on the other hand, can be accomplished by utilizing fodder additives for ruminants and the process of microbiological methane oxidation in covering soil layers or biofilters.
W artykule scharakteryzowano strumień emisji i absorpcji gazów cieplarnianych CO2 i CH4 w środowisku. Zwrócono uwagę, że antropogeniczna emisja CO2 wynosi zaledwie 3% poziomu emisji ze źródeł naturalnych. Ponadto zauważono, że intensyfikacja absorpcji CO2 przez ekosystemy lądowe o 3% mogłaby zahamować wzrost stężenia CO2 w atmosferze. Oznacza to, że bardziej zrównoważone jest przeciwdziałanie efektowi cieplarnianemu poprzez intensyfikację procesów naturalnych od kosztownych zmian w polityce energetycznej. Natomiast ograniczanie emisji innego gazu cieplarnianego – metanu – można osiągnąć poprzez stosowanie dodatków do paszy dla zwierząt przeżuwających oraz wykorzystanie procesu mikrobiologicznego utleniania metanu w nakładach glebowych i biofiltrach.
Źródło:
Problemy Ekorozwoju; 2016, 11, 1; 173-176
1895-6912
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Ekorozwoju
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of Mulifactor [sic!] Models with Garch Structure in Carbon Emissions Risk Management
Autorzy:
Włodarczyk, A.
Kadłubek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064996.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
CO2 emissions
risk management
European Union Allowances
multifactor model
GARCH
Opis:
Tightening the environmental norms that result from the priorities of the EU 2030 Energy and Climate Package and the reform of the EU ETS have caused the necessity to implement an effective system of managing the risk of carbon dioxide emission and integrate it with the existing enterprise management system. Evaluation of the direction and strength of correlation between EUA price changes and energy companies stock price returns is crucial from point of view the managerial staff making proper decisions about the use of the CO2 emission permits by energy companies. It is an important stage of carbon emission risk management process. The aim of this paper is to verify the possibility of use the multifactor models with GARCH structure as a tool supporting the carbon emission management process in energy companies. Empirical analysis is connected with the estimation of multifactor models with GARCH structure in the Phase II and Phase III of the EU ETS functioning for two groups of Polish energy companies: group of the Respect Index companies and others. Such an approach allows to check whether the Respect Index companies are more robust than others on the carbon emission risk, in particular the EUA price risk associated with the intensification works on modifying the EU ETS functioning. We found that the impact of EUA price changes on energy companies stock returns and their volatility is statistically insignificant in case of all Respect Index companies
Źródło:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering; 2018, 1, 1; 407--413
2545-2827
Pojawia się w:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reduction of carbon footprint from spark ignition power facilities by the dual approach
Autorzy:
Janusz-Szymańska, Katarzyna
Grzywnowicz, Krzysztof
Wiciak, Grzegorz
Remiorz, Leszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845486.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
spark ignition engines
digestion
gas
cofiring
CO2 emissions
membrane
separation
Opis:
Power generation units, suitable for individual users and small scale applications, are mainly based on spark ignition engines. In recently performed research, reductions of emissions coming from such units, especially considering carbon dioxide emissions, are deemed as the issue of particular importance. One of solutions, postponed to reduce impact of spark ignition engine-based units on the natural environment, is transition from fossil fuels into renewable gaseous fuels, as products of organic digestion. Nonetheless, development of new solutions is required to prevent further carbon dioxide emissions. The paper presents a novel dual approach developed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from stationary power units, basing on spark ignition engine. The discussed approach includes both reduction in carbon content in the fuel, which is realized by its enrichment with hydrogen produced using the solar energy-supported electrolysis process, as well as application of post-combustion carbon dioxide separation. Results of the performed analysis suggest profitability of transition from fossil into the hydrogen-enriched fuel mixture, with significant rise in operational parameters of the system following increase in the hydrogen content. Nevertheless, utilization of the carbon dioxide separation leads to vital soar in internal energy demand, causing vital loss in operational and economical parameters of the analyzed system.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 2; 171-192
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Rationality of Energy Management in the Transport Sector in EU
Racjonalność gospodarowania energią w sektorze transportu w UE
Autorzy:
Motowidlak, Urszula
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945473.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
zrównoważony transport
transport
sustainable transport
energy consumption
CO2 emissions
konsumpcja energii
emisje CO2
Opis:
The main objective of this article was to make a quantitative and qualitative attempt to examine the relationship and the correlations between the development of transport and fuel efficiency of resource use. The analysis has shown that road transport has now gained a special status in people’s daily lives. The increased mobility of European citizens has caused cars to currently have the greatest share of the energy needs of road transport. This happened in despite improvements in the energy efficiency of these cars and freight transport growth. The projected continued growth of freight transport will contribute to the further changes in the structure of energy consumption by road transport. Despite the high growth rate of energy efficiency and improvement in trucks, the share of demand for fuel by these vehicles will increase the total fuel demand for the road transport sector. At the same time the energy consumption of cars will reduce their share in the total fuel needs of transport. The improvements of energy efficiency of passenger cars and trucks will not offset the increase in demand for energy in road transport. The above regularities create a key challenge facing the transport system – how to meet the constantly growing demand for energy? An important issue in achieving the objectives of sustainable transport is not only the development of technology, but also human awareness shaping proper consumer preferences. The future of transport will depend on both the carriers and the customers.
Mając dane ilościowe i jakościowe, podjęto próbę zbadania zależności i związków zachodzących między rozwojem transportu a efektywnością wykorzystania zasobów paliwowych, co stanowiło zasadniczy cel artykułu. Przeprowadzona analiza pozwoliła stwierdzić, że transport drogowy zyskał obecnie szczególny status w życiu codziennym społeczeństwa. Wzrost mobilności mieszkańców Europy spowodował, że samochody osobowe są aktualnie w największym stopniu odpowiedzialne za potrzeby energetyczne transportu drogowego. Stało się tak mimo poprawy efektywności energetycznej tych samochodów oraz wzrostu przewozów towarowych. Prognozowany dalszy wzrost przewozów towarowych spowoduje dalsze zmiany w strukturze zużycia energii przez transport samochodowy. Mimo wysokiej dynamiki poprawy efektywności energetycznej napędów samochodów ciężarowych, udział zapotrzebowania na paliwo przez te samochody będzie wzrastał w całkowitym zapotrzebowaniu na paliwo sektora transportu drogowego. Jednocześnie zużycie energii przez samochody osobowe zmniejszy swój udział w całkowitych potrzebach paliwowych transportu samochodowego. Poprawa efektywności energetycznej transportu osobowego i ciężarowego nie zrównoważy wzrostu zapotrzebowania na energię w transporcie drogowym. Przedstawione powyżej prawidłowości wyznaczają kluczowe wyzwanie stojące przed systemem transportowym – sprostanie ciągle rosnącemu zapotrzebowaniu na energię. Istotną kwestią w realizacji założeń zrównoważonego rozwoju transportu nie jest tylko rozwój technologii, lecz ludzka świadomość kształtująca właściwe preferencje konsumentów. Od przewoźników i klientów zależny będzie kształt transportu w przyszłości.
Źródło:
Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii; 2014, 3(36)
1429-3730
2450-095X
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of parallel hot windbox repowering on 387 MW fossil fuel power plant
Autorzy:
Harutyunyan, A.
Badyda, K.
Wołowicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175190.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
combined cycle power plant
fossil boiler
hot windbox repowering
CO2 emissions
Opis:
The paper presents the concept of repowering in existing power plant. Among technologies for existing steam power plants, the hot windbox repowering is the fastest way to respond to the energy demand, improve efficiency and reduce the pollutants emissions. Thermodynamic analysis of power plant model with fossil boiler before and after hot windbox repowering, has been investigated using commercial software. The purpose of this work is to understand and analyze the effect of hot windbox repowering on 387 MW fossil fuel power plant as well as the effect of additional heat exchangers, which have been installed parallel with regeneration system to use the heat of boiler exhaust gases. In this way, after repowering the summary power of power plant in base load is 615 MW, which has been reached adding gas turbine (176.9 MW). To analyze the model, calculations were performed in 3 stages: 1) calculation and comparison of the thermodynamic parameters as well as carbon dioxide emissions of power plant model before and after repowering, 2) analysis of the optimal value of feed water mass flow through heat exchangers installed after economizer, 3) calculation of thermodynamic parameters in values 100%, 90%, 80% and 75% of fossil boiler heat loads.
Źródło:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery; 2016, 131; 79-95
0079-3205
Pojawia się w:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Does income inequality matter for CO2 emissions in Russian regions?
Autorzy:
Davidson, Natalia
Mariev, Oleg
Turkanova, Sophia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22444328.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
climate change
CO2 emissions
income inequality
economic development
environmental Kuznets curve
Opis:
Research background: Intensive economic growth in Russian regions during recent decades has been associated with numerous environmental issues, particularly increasing CO2 emissions, as well as income inequality. To achieve sustainable development, it is necessary to resolve these issues. Purpose of the article: To shed light on the impact of income inequality on CO2 emissions based on Russian regional data covering the years 2004?2018. Methods: Gini index and decile dispersion ratio are used to measure income inequality. To study the impact of income inequality on CO2 emissions in the Russian regions, we estimate econometric models with fixed and random effects and apply GMM method. We test the hypothesis of the environmental Kuznets curve to determine the impact of economic growth on CO2 emissions. Findings & value added: The results show that CO2 emissions increase in tandem with growth in income inequality between 10% of people with the lowest income and 10% of people with the highest income. Simultaneously, CO2 emissions decrease with growth of Gini coefficient. The hypothesis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve was confirmed based on GMM method. Our findings underscore that the activities of the extraction and manufacturing sectors, as well as energy consumption, increase CO2 emissions. The chief significance of this paper is the finding that large income gap between extremely rich and extremely poor population cohorts increases CO2 emissions. This implies that economic policy aimed at reducing income inequality in Russian regions will also reduce CO2 emissions, especially if accompanied by increased use of environmentally friendly technologies. From the international perspective, our research can be extended to study other countries and regions.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2021, 16, 3; 533-551
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions
Wzrost gospodarczy a emisja dwutlenku węgla
Autorzy:
Famielec, Józefa
Kijanka, Anna
Renata Żaba-Nieroda, Renata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
emisyjność PKB
emisje CO2
zanieczyszczenie
wzrost gospodarczy
emissivity of gdp
co2 emissions
pollution
economic growth
Opis:
The emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) are an objective result of the civilizational development of the world. Ensuring a steady decline in CO2 emissions in the conditions of economic growth and social welfare requires a structural analysis of systemic dependencies. The purpose of the study is to investigate the contribution of different socio- -economic factors to the changes in carbon dioxide emissions. A decomposition analysis is performed to examine the pace of CO2 emission changes in relation to changes in: emissivity of gross domestic product (GDP), productivity of man-hours, number of employees and working time per employee. Statistical data refer to the Polish economy in the period of 1990—2015. The results provided in this paper show that the economic growth in Poland had the most noticeable contribution to CO2 emission changes. The solid growth of economy was accompanied by decreasing emissivity of GDP. The increase in the labour supply, observed in some periods, contributed to the relative growth of that factor in pollutant emission changes. Considering the growing labour productivity, efforts to increase employment should be correlated with decreasing number of working hours per employee.
Emisja dwutlenku węgla (CO2) jest obiektywnym skutkiem rozwoju cywilizacyjnego świata. Zapewnienie stałego spadku emisji CO2 w warunkach wzrostu gospodarczego i dobrobytu społecznego wymaga strukturalnej analizy zależności systemowych. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest zbadanie udziału różnych czynników społeczno- -gospodarczych w kształtowaniu się zmian emisji CO2. Analizę przeprowadzono na podstawie dekompozycji tempa zmian emisji CO2 w odniesieniu do zmian: emisyjności produktu krajowego brutto (PKB), produktywności roboczogodziny, liczby zatrudnionych i czasu pracy jednego zatrudnionego. Wykorzystano dane statystyczne odnoszące się do gospodarki w Polsce. Przyjęto okres badawczy obejmujący lata 1990—2015. Wyniki badań pokazują, że najbardziej znaczący wkład w zmiany emisji CO2 w Polsce miał wzrost gospodarczy. Stałemu wzrostowi gospodarczemu towarzyszył spadek emisyjności PKB. Obserwowany w niektórych okresach wzrost podaży pracy przyczyniał się do wzrostu udziału tego czynnika w zmianach emisji zanieczyszczeń. Biorąc pod uwagę rosnącą produktywność siły roboczej, wysiłkom zmierzającym do zwiększenia wielkości zatrudnienia powinno towarzyszyć zmniejszanie się liczby godzin pracy jednego pracownika.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2019, 64, 4; 5-21
0043-518X
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of energy use and elimination of CO2 emissions in the life cycle of an offshore wind power plant farm
Autorzy:
Tomporowski, A.
Flizikowski, J.
Opielak, M.
Kasner, R.
Kruszelnicka, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
energy efficiency
use of machines
offshore wind power plant farms
CO2 emissions
Opis:
Power stations in marine locations cause multi-faceted impact on the environment, man and the economy. There are not many studies devoted to modeling energy benefits for CO2 emissions. The paper presents the issues of assessing the efficiency of offshore wind farms, defined as the ratio of benefits to life cycle inputs. The scientific goal was to develop a mathematical model for efficiency in the design, manufacture, use and management of offshore wind power. The papers practical purpose is the experimental designation of the impact of selected post-use management methods, time of use and maritime location, i.e. average annual productivity of wind power plants on the efficiency of energy benefits from greenhouse gas emissions. The mathematical model of the integrated cost-benefit ratio has been developed for energy use assessment, taking into account the benefits generated by electricity production and the life-cycle CO2 emissions based on the LCA analysis using the CML method. Mathematical model validation was performed by determining the value of the indicator for an existing 2 MW offshore wind farm and comparatively for fossil fuel production: lignite, stone, fuel oil and natural gas. Analytical and research work carried out showed that the higher the efficiency index, the higher the value of the indicator. It has been shown that the location of the power station at sea produces more favorable CO2 elimination rates, due to higher productivity compared to in-land wind power plants. A more favorable form of post-consumer management for CO2 has been determined as recycling. It was found that for electricity generated from offshore wind farms, the value of the energy efficiency benefit from CO2 emissions is higher than for fossil fuel energy production.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2017, 4; 93-101
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 38

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