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Tytuł:
How do you get academics to buy on impulse? Challenging e-consumers under a magnifying glass
Autorzy:
Stadnicka, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2192961.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
online impulse buying
consumer behavior
academics
online impulse buying stimuli
Opis:
Online impulse buying is a complex behavior that is determined by many factors, not only external but also internal. Some consumers are less prone to irrational behavior than others. The aim of this study was to explore the impulse buying tendencies of challenging e-consumers. Due to the specificity of the profession, characteristics of highly educated people, and the generational mentality, academics of Generation X were assumed to be representatives of these e-consumers, unwilling to impulse buying. The data collected with an online survey confirmed this assumption. Respondents had not only a negative opinion of studied behavior but also a low tendency to it. Furthermore, this study was to indicate a group of stimuli that would induce unplanned purchases among challenging e-consumers. The results suggest that academics are more prone to impulse buying if it can be rationalized with, e.g., product utility or monetary savings, than in the case of purely emotional or hedonic reasons.
Źródło:
Academic Review of Business and Economics; 2022, 3(2); 38-60
2720-457X
Pojawia się w:
Academic Review of Business and Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Silver Consumers and Their Shopping Specifics
Autorzy:
Lesáková, Dagmar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
seniors
shopping behaviour
buying decision
Opis:
Seniors constitute large and constantly growing group of consumers. These „silver consumers“ form a potentially significant market segment for the near future. An ageing population has implications for pension policy, healthcare policy, but also market policy. In spite of the scope of senior´s group, little atten-tion was paid to this segment from the retail industry in Slovakia, and more re-search to identify their shopping behaviour is required in order to suggest relevant actions. Considering the need for understanding this market segment, the objective of our paper is to identify the specifics in shopping behaviour of the seniors market, with the emphasis on grocery products. Two main goals were stated as the key for our research: the identification of preference factors in the choice of a shopping place by seniors, and the factors influencing seniors decisions in grocery stores. To explore views and opinions of silver consumers in relation to a preferred place of shopping, focus groups were created. Questions regarding the patterns of shopping, decision factors and motives were also raised. A total of 126 partici-pants took part in the focus groups. Because the seniors are rather multidimen-sional and very complex segment, in order to indicate the key characteristics in the shopping behaviour of seniors, three age subgroupings in the large segment of seniors were formed: seniors aged 60-69, seniors aged 70-79, seniors aged 80+. The principal purpose of the focus groups interviewing was to determine the factors affecting store choice and shopping behaviour of older people. Recom-mendations on how the retail industry could respond best to silver consumers were developed based on the empirical outcomes.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2013, 4, 4; 103-114
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Phenomenon of compensative and compulsive buying in Poland. A socio-economic study
Zjawisko kompensacyjnego i kompulsywnego kupowania w Polsce. Studium socjologiczne
Autorzy:
ADAMCZYK, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/435138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski
Tematy:
consumer behaviour
compensative buying
compulsive buying
behavioural addiction
zachowania konsumenckie
kupowanie kompensacyjne
kupowanie kompulsywne
uzależnienie behawioralne
Opis:
This article examines the phenomenon of compensative and compulsive buying in a consumer society such as Poland. The prevalence of compensative and compulsive buying in Poland is discussed in comparison with other countries. Sociodemographic conditions of compensative and compulsive buying such as age, gender, income, debts of households or class of locality size are analysed. An important goal of the theoretical part of the article is a presentation of different methods of measuring compensative and compulsive buying (e.g. Canadian Compulsive Buying Measurement Scale, German Addictive Buying Indicator, Compulsive Buying Scale, Edwards Compulsive Buying Scale). The empirical findings presented in the article come from two waves of surveys conducted in 2010 and 2016 based on a nation-wide statistically representative sample of 1,000 Poles. The presented results of these surveys based on the German Compulsive Buying Indicator. Currently 4.4% of Poles aged 15 years and older show
Artykuł poświęcony jest zjawisku kupowania kompensacyjnego i kompulsywnego w społeczeństwie konsumpcyjnym na przykładzie Polski. Analiza rozpowszechnienia tego rodzaju zachowań nabywczych w Polsce uwzględnia porównania z danymi z badań prowadzonych w innych krajach. Analizowane są uwarunkowania socjodemograficzne i ekonomiczne kupowania kompensacyjnego i kompulsywnego takie jak: wiek, płeć, dochód, zadłużenie gospodarstwa domowego, czy wielkość miejscowości zamieszkania. Ważnym celem części teoretycznej artykułu jest zaprezentowanie różnych metod pomiaru kompensacyjnego i kompulsywnego kupowania (np. Canadian Compulsive Buying Measurement Scale, German Addictive Buying Indicator, Compulsive Buying Scale, Edwards Compulsive Buying Scale). Dane empiryczne prezentowane w artykule pochodzą z dwóch fal badań przeprowadzonych w 2010 i 2016 roku na ogólnokrajowej reprezentatywnej statystycznie próbie 1000 Polaków. Prezentowane wyniki badań bazują na German Compulsive Buying Indicator. Obecnie 4,4% Polaków w wieku 15 lat i więcej wykazuje skłonności do kupowania kompulsywnego. Udział kupujących kompensacyjnie w populacji generalnej wynosi 16,1%.
Źródło:
Economic and Environmental Studies; 2018, 18, 4; 181-1199
1642-2597
2081-8319
Pojawia się w:
Economic and Environmental Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of personality on buying behaviour: a cross- cultural study comparing Poland and the UK
Autorzy:
Wojciechowska, Paulina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/540574.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
Personality
buying behaviour
Polska
United Kingdom
CSI
Opis:
The present study aimed to explore whether personality traits infl uence buying behaviour and if this infl uence differs depending on a different culture. The author focused on a crosscultural investigation of Poland and the UK. Data were collected via an online questionnaire which measured personality traits, consumer purchase behaviour and the meaning of branded products for 525 participants. The results show signifi cant relationships between personality traits and both, consumer shopping styles and the way individuals perceived branded products. Personality traits were assessed by the MINI-IPIP test, a 20-items instrument which measures the Big Five personalities: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Intellect/Imagination (or Openness). Buying behaviour was tested by two scales. The fi rst one was a 39-item Consumer Shopping Inventory (CSI), which indentifi es eight shopping style dimensions: Perfectionist/High Quality Conscious, Brand Consciousness/Price Equals Quality, Novelty and Fashion Conscious, Recreational and Shopping Conscious, Price Conscious/Value for the Money, Impulsiveness/Careless, Confused by Overchoice, Habitual/Brand Loyal. Another instrument used was a 32-item the Meaning of Branded Products scale, presenting four dominant themes: Quality, Values, Personal Identity and Traditions. The present study also investigated the moderating effect of citizenship and other socio-demographic characteristics in the relation between personality traits and both, the meaning of branded products and shopping styles.
Źródło:
Journal of Marketing and Consumer Behaviour in Emerging Markets; 2017, 2(6); 54-76
2449-6634
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Marketing and Consumer Behaviour in Emerging Markets
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Virtualization of Poles’ buying behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic
Autorzy:
Kubiczek, Jakub
Derej, Wojciech
Hadasik, Bartłomiej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051165.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
virtualization
buying behavior
customer behavior
pandemic
COVID-19
Opis:
Technological development has resulted in the digitization of many areas of life. The modern society is particularly defined as the “information society”, because of the fact that most of their activities take place on the Internet and thus the society is information-dependent. The introduced governmental sanitary restrictions (also in terms of the functioning of the economy) to limit the spread of the coronavirus caused that life has shifted to a greater extent to the Internet sphere. The aim of the study is to determine the potential impact of a pandemic on the virtualization of buying behavior. The conducted research is exploratory in nature and constitutes a valuable starting point for potential further directions of analyzes. The results of this study showed that excavating the topic of the impact of the pandemic on buying behavior in the area of consumption virtualization is justified, because in all the analyzed product categories there was a statistically significant change in the form of purchases.
Źródło:
Academic Review of Business and Economics; 2021, 1(1); 31-43
2720-457X
Pojawia się w:
Academic Review of Business and Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Country of origin as a determinant of young Europeans` buying attitudes - marketing implications
Autorzy:
Bartosik-Purgat, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18799730.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
country of origin effect
buying decisions
young Europeans
brand
Opis:
Research background: Country of origin and brand image are among the main factors influencing consumer buying decisions. The phenomenon known as the Country of Origin Effect (COE) refers to the influence of a country's image on consumer product evaluations and the perception of brands originating from specific countries. The COE describes consumer attitudes towards certain product categories and is connected with the perception of quality of such products manufactured in particular markets. The changing market conditions and proliferation of hybrid products cause certain problems for consumers who find it increasingly difficult to identify the country of origin of specific products and face a dilemma whether a product manufactured in China is of equal quality as a product of the same brand, but manufactured in France. Purpose of the article: The main purpose of the paper is to identify the young Europeans` attitudes towards the country of origin of purchased products. An attempt has been made to answer two research questions: firstly, whether are young Europeans guided by stereotypes associated with the country of origin of specific product categories in their conscious buying decisions? Secondly, do young European consumers attach higher value to a product's brand than its country of origin? Methods: The analysis has been based on literature studies and empirical data collected in two different period of time 2008 and 2015 among 1362 respondents (in 2008) and 1125 respondents (in 2015) from eight European countries (Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Poland, Portugal, Spain and Great Britain). In the exploratory empirical study, the author of the paper used two research methods: PAPI in 2008 (Paper and Pen Personal Interview) and CAWI in 2015 (Computer Assisted Web Interview). Findings & Value added: The study results reveal that in some countries, namely Poland and the Czech Republic, young consumers are guided in their deliberate buying choices by certain mental schematics perpetuated, for example, in the mass media (the best wine comes from France, best watches are made in Switzerland, and superior quality cars originate from Germany). Respondents representing other nationalities showed more support for domestic products. By far, the most ethnocentric in their choices turned out to be the French who in almost all product categories showed preferences for products originating from their country. Furthermore, the empirical study showed that with respect to different product categories young European consumers attach more importance to a product's brand than its country of origin.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2018, 9, 1; 123-142
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Shopping Intelligence as a New Concept in Analyzing Consumer Behaviour
Autorzy:
Lachowicz, Marek
Dietl, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1195163.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
shopping intelligence
shopping
consumer behaviour
consumer psychology
purchase
buying
Opis:
Although existing models describing consumer behaviour offer a great deal of insight into the patterns and heuristic behind every customer’s buying decisions, they are not without serious limitations and operate as standalone units. Shopping intelligence, a completely new concept in economic psychology, not only attempts to merge the existing concepts into one, but to add value by allowing researchers to objectively assess respondent’s shopping style and capabilities in quantitative manner. Knowledge of these factors will allow the companies to be more competitive, by better tailoring their product, price and marketing strategies to the needs of its customers. It will also help entrepreneurs avoid losses due to inappropriate choice of the aforementioned strategies. Customers will too be beneficiaries, as they will receive a product that meets their demands better.
Źródło:
Edukacja Ekonomistów i Menedżerów; 2016, 42, 4; 29-43
1734-087X
Pojawia się w:
Edukacja Ekonomistów i Menedżerów
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monotonicity of the Selling Price of Information with Risk Aversion in Two Action Decision Problems
Autorzy:
Bakir, Niyazi Onur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076547.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
decision analysis
value of information
selling price
risk aversion
buying price
Opis:
Various approaches have been introduced over the years to evaluate information in the expected utility framework. This paper analyzes the relationship between the degree of risk aversion and the selling price of information in a lottery setting with two actions. We show that the initial decision on the lottery as well as the attitude of the decision maker towards risk as a function of the initial wealth level are critical to characterizing this relationship. When the initial decision is to reject, a non-decreasingly risk averse decision maker asks for a higher selling price as he gets less risk averse. Conversely, when the initial decision is to accept, non-increasingly risk averse decision makers ask a higher selling price as they get more risk averse if information is collected on bounded lotteries. We also show that the assumption of the lower bound for lotteries can be relaxed for the quadratic utility family.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2015, 2; 71-90
2080-0886
2080-119X
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of dermocosmetic packaging in consumer buying decisions
Rola opakowania dermokosmetyku w decyzjach zakupowych konsumentów
Autorzy:
Malinowska, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2117279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
packaging
buying decisions
consumers
dermocosmetic products
opakowania
decyzje zakupowe
dermokosmetyki
konsumenci
Opis:
The aim of this study is to identify the role of packaging as a determining factor in the purchase of dermocosmetic products, and to assess the impact of various elements and features of dermocosmetic packaging on product perception and buying decisions made by consumers. A direct personal interview survey covered a group of female consumers making regular purchases of dermocosmetic products in pharmacies. The survey revealed that although dermocosmetic packaging is not seen as one of the major determinants to purchase, its close connection to the perception of a dermocosmetic’s safety cannot be ignored. While shopping, consumers tend to consider the following features of dermocosmetic packaging: its effectiveness in protecting the product; label information; and product security.
Celem pracy była identyfikacja roli opakowania jednostkowego jako determinanty zakupu dermokosmetyków oraz ocena wpływu poszczególnych jego elementów oraz cech na postrzeganie produktów i decyzje nabywcze konsumentów. Przeprowadzono wywiady indywidualne kwestionariuszowe bezpośrednie wśród konsumentek deklarujących regularne zakupy dermokosmetyków w aptekach. Badanie wykazało, że chociaż opakowanie dermokosmetyku nie jest główną determinantą zakupową, nie można lekceważyć jego ścisłego związku z postrzeganiem bezpieczeństwa dermokosmetyku. W trakcie zakupów konsumentki postrzegają i analizują takie główne elementy składowe i cechy opakowań jednostkowych dermokosmetyków, jak: możliwość skutecznego zabezpieczenia produktu podczas jego użytkowania, informacje na opakowaniu oraz bezpieczeństwo opakowania względem produktu.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia; 2020, 19, 3; 39-47
1644-0757
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Consumer experience in phone communication in the service purchasing process
Autorzy:
Bondos, Ilona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/610889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
service buying process
customer journey, phone channel
consumer-initiated communications
CIC
multichanneling
Opis:
Theoretical background: Consumers today are presented with a myriad of opportunities through the purchase process can be realized (Yrjölä et al., 2018, p. 1133). Customer journey can be defined as a buyer’s behaviour in multi (omni) environment with the goal of finalizing purchase transactions and acquiring positive (seamless, holistic) customer experiences. Researchers look at a service buying process as the customer value-adding journey (Saghiri et al. 2017; Wilding, 2003) and its prime objective is to deliver positive customer experience at each of stages of buying process. According to media richness theory (MRT) voice-based communication is ranked higher than text-based communication along the media richness continuum (Daft & Lengel, 1984), however some additional findings have been also exposed. Taking into account the traditional continuum of media richness phone communications is perceived as rich in information, only face to face contact is seen as richer (Suh, 1999). As is stated in Rhee (2010), customer-initiated communications via phone channel is preferred when consumer faces an extended problem-solving (high perceived risk/low familiarity). Whereas, in case of routine problem-solving situation online channel is preferred. However, some relevant research on marketing channel richness have been proposed by Kwak (2012) as well as Lipowski and Bondos (2018). According to this research stream, the medium itself does not necessarily determine its perceived media richness. The key factor is user’s familiarity with a particular marketing channel and his/her ability to use its communicational potential.Purpose of the article: The present study attempts to provide evidence about the potential of the phone channel as the channel of contact with the service provider through the entire service buying process including four stages: pre-purchase, purchase, post-purchase and resignation from service. The main goal of the study is to identify the level of customers’ experience/knowledge of using phone channel by the three consumer generations (Baby Boomers, X and Y).Research methods: The survey study was conducted in September-November 2015 on a group of 1103 respondents (Polish adult consumers) including 357 (BB), 390 (X) and 356 (Y). The research sample was determined by quota-random method; CAPI (computer assisted personal interview) method was used with a standardized questionnaire. In order to verify research hypothesis MANOVA was used with data on three customer generations.Main findings: BB generation possesses the smallest experience in phone communication in the service buying process. The next one is the X generation with bigger phone communication experience than BB but lower than Y generation. At each stage in service purchasing process Y generation is the most knowledgeable in the area of phone communication. In general, there is a visible downward trend of the own experience level along with further stages in the service purchasing process. In terms of phone communication the most mysterious for customers is the last phase.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia; 2019, 53, 1
0459-9586
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A study on personality traits and shopping online
BADANIE DOTYCZĄCE CECH OSOBOWOŚCI I ZAKUPÓW ONLINE
Autorzy:
Usakli, Hakan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818449.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-01-08
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
online shopping
personality
big five personality traits
tendency of buying
university students
Opis:
The aim of the article is to analyze inter- relations between online shopping behaviour and personality traits. Online shopping has been developing all over the world. People not only buy locally but also trade internationally via the internet. The method of the study is correlation with the use of SPSS programme. Two different inventories were administrated to 243 university students via online. Big-Five Personality Questionnaire and Compulsive Online Shopping Behaviour were used. This test apparatus indicates five different personality dimensions such as extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, intellect imagination. The compulsive online shopping behaviour was applied to get data on online shopping. The findings indicate that there are correlations between personality traits and excessive online shopping behaviour. People who are less agreeable and self conscious should think more before shopping online.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach; 2019, 48, 121; 53-60
2082-5501
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Symbolic and Affective Motives, Constraints and Self-Efficacy among Romanian Car Buyers
Autorzy:
Balau, Madalina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2014186.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
symbolic motives
affective motives
instrumental motives
car buying
MOA model
self-efficacy
Opis:
Cars have long been considered goods that symbolize status, yet few studies integrate the impact of symbolic and affective motives on the car buying decisions, with even fewer studies focusing on the infl uence of these motives on Eastern European consumers’ buying behaviour. The aim of this paper is to propose and test an integrative model, derived from the MOA model, which accounts for consumer motives (instrumental, symbolic and affective), constraints and abilities. The model is tested on a sample of Romanian consumers owning a driving licence. The data analysis was based on structural equation modelling. Findings indicate that symbolic and instrumental car use motives positively infl uence the intention to buy a car sooner, while affective motives have a negative infl uence, leading consumers to postpone the intention to buy a car. Results also show a signifi cant positive effect of self-effi cacy on intention implementation. Thus, the stimulation of symbolic motives may increase car buying intentions, while the presence of affective motives may lead consumers to still enjoy their current car. The paper contributes to expanding our understanding of consumer behaviour through an integrative model, which includes psychological motives, external factors and consumer abilities.
Źródło:
Journal of Marketing and Consumer Behaviour in Emerging Markets; 2019, 1(9); 14-29
2449-6634
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Marketing and Consumer Behaviour in Emerging Markets
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The power of sale promotions: Analyzing the impact of sales promotion offerings on consumer buying behaviour in the pandemic
Autorzy:
Huseynzade, Sadi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27324051.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Ekonomii i Zarządzania
Tematy:
sales promotion
consumer buying behavior
pandemic
promocja sprzedaży
zachowania zakupowe konsumentów
pandemia
Opis:
The present research aimed to explore the impact of sales promotions on consumer behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study analyzed consumer reactions to various promotion types such as bonuses, coupons, buy one get one free, vouchers, free samples, and price discounts. The aim was to investigate if these promotions positively influence consumer purchasing behavior and if the pandemic has induced over purchasing behavior due to panic. During the research, 541 randomly selected respondents from Azerbaijan and Poland were involved and the results showed that sales promotions have a positive effect on the consumer buying behavior and lead to an increase in purchases beyond the consumers’ actual needs. This is particularly true during times of economic uncertainty when consumers are searching for discounted products to save money and minimize household spending.
Źródło:
Management; 2023, 27, 2; 100--120
1429-9321
2299-193X
Pojawia się w:
Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Are Daily Deals a Way to Cope with the Crisis?
Autorzy:
Mortara, Ariela
Ardizzone, Antonella
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048314.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
ecommerce
daily deal
group buying
coupon online
Groupon
quantitative research
economic crisis
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to present and analyze the foundations and premises of Nazi cultural policy, and the bodies responsible for its implementation, the two most important ones being: National Socialist Society for German Culture and the Ministry of National Enlightenment and Propaganda of the Reich. Policy in this case is interpreted as intentional activity of the authorities in the field of culture, aimed at influencing the attitudes and identity of the population of the Third Reich. The analysis covers the most important documents, statements and declarations of politicians and their actual activity in this domain. Adopting such a broad perspective allowed to comprehensively show both the language and the specific features of the messages communicated by the Nazi authorities, and its impact on cultural practices.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2014, 6(106); 105-121
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
VAT and its influence on buying behaviour in the Czech Republic
Autorzy:
Kučerová, Vladimira
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18797205.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
Value Added Tax
price elasticity of demand
buying behaviour
food retail
case study
Opis:
Research background: Value added tax (VAT) is nowadays the most widely used indirect tax system in developed countries. Value added tax, is an instrument of fiscal policy and also a very important source of income for the state budget. It is one of the universal indirect taxes, which has a significant influence on the price level in the country. The European Union's system of value added tax on goods and services is primarily governed by "the 6th VAT Directive" set by the European Commission. Purpose of the article: The paper deals with the question of how changes in the rates of value added tax influence the buying behaviours of customers. Buying behaviour could be expressed as decisions of customers about spending their own resources such as money, effort and time, on items related to their consumption in order to meet their needs. Methods: The area of the research is the Czech retail food market. Due to the nature of VAT, the influence of this tax on buying behaviour was quantified by price elasticity of demand and indirect tax elasticity of demand, respectively. The article is conceived as a case study, according to the principles of R.K. Yin. The evaluation of buying behaviour is based on real data, which deals with the volumes of sales and sales prices realized in a specific Czech retail chain, which associates more than 200 shops. Findings & Value added: The goal of the study is not only to propose the way to identify buyers' response to the changes in the VAT rate, but also to bring the knowledge about customers? response to the realized changes, and finally to propose how to use this knowledge in a development of pricing strategy in case of further changes in the VAT rate.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2017, 8, 3; 353-366
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 30

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