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    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
    Tytuł:
    Investigation on the microstructure of the HAP and YSZ composites
    Autorzy:
    Dudek, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/386289.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
    Tematy:
    kompozyt
    bioceramika
    bioinżynieria
    composite
    bioceramics
    bioengineering
    Opis:
    Group of bioceramic materials includes, among others, hydroxyapatites (HAp, OHAp, HA), which, due to their specific properties are widely applied. These compounds are currently present in bone systems of human and animal bodies. One of the solutions for improvement of poor properties of HAp is addition of zirconium oxide which is characterized by high biological tolerance and enhanced mechanical properties. Application of bioceramic materials as coatings for implants introduced into human body due to their bioinertness and biocompatibility enables overcoming immunology barriers. One of the fundamental advantages of ceramic materials is their positive impact on human tissues. The investigations involved creation of composites through single-axial compaction of two ceramic powders (HAp+YSZ) and then their sintering at the temperature of 1300oC for two hours. The aim of the investigations was to determine thermal stability of hydroxyapatite (Fig. 1) and HAp + YSZ (Partially Stabilized Zirconia) (Fig. 2) and impact of addition of YSZ (8%wt. Y2O3 stabilizing ZrO2) on phase composition of the prepared composites after the process of sintering. Investigations of the structure have been performed using JEOL JSM 5400 (Fig. 4, 5) scanning microscope while phase composition have been carried out by means of Seifert 3003 T-T X-ray diffractometer (Fig. 6, 7).
    Źródło:
    Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2008, 2, 3; 28-30
    1898-4088
    2300-5319
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Mechanica et Automatica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Optimal screw orientation for the fixation of cervical degenerative disc disease using nonlinear C3-T2 multi-level spinal models and neuro-genetic algorithms
    Autorzy:
    Chang, T.-K.
    Hsu, C.-C.
    Chen, K.-T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306375.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    stabilizacja
    optymalizacja
    kątownik
    bioinżynieria
    cervical plate
    insertion angle
    fixation stability
    optimization
    Opis:
    Purpose: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is a common surgical procedure performed to remove a degenerative or herniated disc in cervical spine. Unfortunately, clinical complications of anterior cervical plate (ACP) systems still occur, such as weak fixation stability and implant loosening. Previous researchers have attempted to ameliorate these complications by varying screw orientations, but the screw orientations are mainly determined according to the investigator’s experiences. Thus, the aim of this study was to discover the optimal screw orientations of ACP systems to achieve acceptable fixation stability using finite element simulations and engineering algorithms. Methods: Three-dimensional finite element models of C3-T2 multi-level segments with an ACP system were first developed to analyze the fixation stability using ANSYS Workbench 14.5. Then, artificial neural networks were applied to create one objective function, and the optimal screw orientations of an ACP system were discovered by genetic algorithms. Finally, the numerical models and the optimization study were validated using biomechanical tests. Results: The results showed that the optimal design of the ACP system had highest fixation stability compared with other ACP designs. The neuro-genetic algorithm has effectively reduced the time and effort required for discovering for the optimal screw orientations of an ACP system. Conclusions: The optimum screw orientation of the ACP system could be successfully discovered, and it revealed excellent fixation stability for the treatment of cervical degenerative disc disease. This study could directly provide the biomechanical rationale and surgical suggestion to orthopedic surgeons.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2015, 17, 3; 59-66
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The effects of strain amplitude and localization on viscoelastic mechanical behaviour of human abdominal fascia
    Autorzy:
    Kirilova-Doneva, M.
    Pashkouleva, D.
    Kavardzhikov, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307410.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    właściwości lepkosprężyste
    test
    eksperyment
    bioinżynieria
    human fascia
    viscoelastic properties
    experimental testing
    Opis:
    Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to examine and compare the viscoelastic mechanical properties of human transversalis and umbilical fasciae according to chosen strain levels. Methods: A sequence of relaxation tests of finite deformation ranging from 4 to 6% strain with increment 0.3% was performed at strain rate 1.26 mm/s. Initial and equilibrium stresses T0, Teq, initial modulus E and equilibrium modulus Eeq, reduction of the stress during relaxation process ΔT, as well as the ratio (1 – Eeq /E) were calculated. Results: The range in which parameters change their values are (0.184–1.74 MPa) for initial stress, (0.098–0.95 MPa) for equilibrium stress, (43.5–4.6 MPa) for initial modulus E. For Eeq this interval is (23.75–2.45 MPa). There are no statistically significant differences between the values of these parameters according to localization. The differences in viscoelastic properties of both fasciae are demonstrated by reduction of the stress during relaxation process and ratio (1 – Eeq /E). The values of ΔT and (1 – Eeq /E) ratio for umbilical fascia are significantly greater than that of fascia transversalis. An increase of 2% in strain leads to change of the normalized relaxation ratio of fasciae between 28%–66%. There is a weak contribution of viscous elements in fascia transversalis samples during relaxation, while in umbilical fascia the contribution of viscous component increases with strain level to 0.66 at 5.3% strain. Conclusions: This study adds new data for the material properties of human abdominal fascia. The results demonstrate that in chosen range of strain there is an influence of localization on visco-elastic tissue properties.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2016, 18, 4; 127-133
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effectivity test of an eco-friendly sediment trap model as a strategy to control erosion on agricultural land
    Test skuteczności modelu przyjaznej środowisku pułapki osadów do ograniczenia erozji na terenach rolniczych
    Autorzy:
    Haribowo, Riyanto
    Andawayanti, Ussy
    Lufira, Rahmah Dara
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/292614.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
    Tematy:
    bioengineering
    erosion control
    land degradation
    sediment trap
    bioinżynieria
    degradacja ziemi
    ograniczenie erozji
    pułapki osadowe
    Opis:
    A sediment trap with bamboo materials can be utilized as one alternative of eco-friendly technology to reduce the erosion that occurred on agricultural land. This study aims to determine the most efficient form of that sediment trap in the field. Location study is in the Tulungrejo Village, Batu, Indonesia, which has andosol soil type and 35 cases of a landslide in 2013. Three forms of sediment traps were used (square, trapezoidal, and stratified type) with the purpose to find the most effective form. It is obtained that the most effective sediment trap is a stratified form with the 31.91% effectiveness or able to withstand sediment of 25.02 kg, while the adequate number is two pieces with the ability to withstand the most considerable sediment of (91.70%). Therefore this stratified form of sediment traps is effective in erosion prevention on agricultural land in the study area. For further development, it is required to test out the variations of the contents in a broader area with a more varied level of the slope.
    Pułapka z bambusu do wychwytywania osadów może być używana na terenach rolniczych do ograniczenia erozji jako jedna z alternatywnych technologii przyjaznych środowisku. Miejscem badań była wieś Tulungrejo, Batu w Indonezji. W badaniach terenowych podjęto próbę określenia najbardziej efektywnej pułapki spośród trzech form: kwadratowej, trapezoidalnej i warstwowej. Najlepsza okazała się pułapka warstwowa o skuteczności 31,91%, zdolna zatrzymać osad o masie 25,02 kg. Zestawienie dwóch takich pułapek dało skuteczność 91,70%. Warstwowa forma pułapek jest więc skuteczna w zapobieganiu erozji z terenów rolniczych na obszarze prowadzonych badań. W przyszłych pracach należy przeprowadzić podobne testy na innych obszarach o bardziej zróżnicowanej rzeźbie terenu.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Water and Land Development; 2019, 42; 76-82
    1429-7426
    2083-4535
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Water and Land Development
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The effects of training status and muscle action on muscle activation of the vastus lateralis
    Autorzy:
    Trevino, M. A.
    Herda, T. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307528.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    elektromiografia
    aktywność mięśni
    bioinżynieria
    electromyography
    isometric trapezoidal muscle action
    log-transform method
    motor unit control
    vastus laterali
    Opis:
    This study examined the electromyographic amplitude–force relationships for 5 (age = 19.20 ± 0.45 yrs) aerobically-trained, 5 (age = 25 ± 4.53 yrs) resistance-trained, and 5 (age = 21.20 ± 2.17 yrs) sedentary individuals. Participants performed an isometric trapezoidal muscle action at 60% maximal voluntary contraction of the leg extensors that included linearly increasing, steady force, and linearly decreasing muscle actions. Electromyography was recorded from the vastus lateralis. The b (slopes) and a (y-intercepts) terms were calculated from the natural log-transformed electromyographic amplitude–force relationships (linearly increasing and decreasing segments) for each participant. An average of the electromyographic amplitude was calculated for the entire steady force segment. The b terms for the resistance-trained (1.384 ± 0.261) were greater than the aerobically-trained (0.886 ± 0.130, P = 0.003) and sedentary (0.955 ± 0.105, P = 0.008) participants during the linearly increasing segment, whereas, there were no differences in b terms among training statuses for the linearly decreasing segment. The b terms for the resistance-trained were greater (P = 0.019) during the linearly increasing segment than decreasing segment (1.186 ± 0.181), however, the b terms for the aerobically-trained were lower (P = 0.017) during the linearly increasing than decreasing segment (1.054 ± 0.176). The a terms from the log-transformed electromyographic amplitude–force relationships and electromyographic amplitude during the steady force segment were not different among training statuses (P = 0.187, P = 0.910). The linearity of the electromyographic amplitude patterns of response (b terms) recording during increasing and decreasing muscle actions may provide insight on motor unit control strategy differences as a result of exercise training status and muscle action, however, the a terms of these patterns and electromyographic amplitude during a steady force contraction did not distinguish among training statuses.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2015, 17, 4; 107-114
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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