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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    The Financial Sector and Sustainable Development - A Review of Selected Environmental Practices Implemented in Financial Institutions Operating in Poland Between 2016 and 2020
    Autorzy:
    Kozar, Łukasz Jarosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033956.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-03-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    financial institutions
    good environmental practices
    green banking products
    sustainable development
    Opis:
    The purpose of the article/hypothesis: The main objective of the article is to present the directions of pro-environmental activities undertaken by institutions from the financial sector operating in Poland and their significance for green transformation of the economy. In turn, an additional aim of the analysis undertaken is to show whether financial institutions have instruments that are typical for them, but at the same time are aimed directly at the process of greening the economy. Methodology: The study is of a theoretical and analytical character. In addition to a review of available domestic and foreign literature on the subject, selected good environmental practices implemented in financial sector institutions in Poland in 2016–2020 were analysed. Qualitative data analysis (content analysis of good practices) was applied. Results of the research: 94 good environmental practices from 24 financial sector institutions were analysed. Different subject and object orientations of the good practices were observed. It was found that through the implementation of environmental activities, financial institutions can build a positive image in their surroundings. In terms of issues related to green transformation, a special role was assigned to banks, which can offer green banking products. Products of this type are directly aimed at supporting investments whose role is to change the existing way of economy to a more sustainable one.
    Źródło:
    Finanse i Prawo Finansowe; 2022, 1, 33; 143-157
    2391-6478
    2353-5601
    Pojawia się w:
    Finanse i Prawo Finansowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Historical Roots of Belgian Commercial Law
    Autorzy:
    Waelkens, Laurent
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/923793.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    belgiskie prawo handlowe
    prawo cywilne
    prawo rzymskie
    prawo kanoniczne
    praktyki bankowe
    weksel
    notariat
    Hanza
    spółki z osobowością prawną
    kodeks handlowy Napoleona z 1807 r.
    Belgian commercial law
    civil law
    Roman law
    canon law
    banking practices
    bill of exchange
    notarial practice
    Hanseatic League
    companies with legal personality
    Napoleonic Code de Commerce of 1807
    Opis:
    The article presents a synthetic approach to the history of Belgian commercial law. The author starts with the regulations of Roman law and leads us from the beginnings of civil law in the times of the Roman Republic, describing the role of aediles and praetors, to the times of the Roman Empire. A significant part is dedicated to the grain trade and searches – not always successfully – for a self-contained commercial law. A separate analysis of the Roman banking practices includes a discussion of cheques and accounting. The fall of the Western Roman Empire brought changes in trade in the Mediterranean region. The description of the Middle Ages includes a series of causal factors that contributed to the development of commercial law in Western Europe and that were related to the Roman tradition (for example the development of canon law and the Church itself as an institution, as well as the development of universities). It also contains the analysis of organisational elements of commercial law that mainly pertain to Italy, which at that time had a leading role. Attention is also devoted to the development of the notarial profession and the bill of exchange. In the 11th century, cities and, by consequence, autonomous and trade-oriented systems of city rights began to gain importance. This evolution which started on the Apennine Peninsula later also took place in the north of Europe, including in the German maritime cities, and eventually brought organisational changes and led to the establishment of the Hanseatic League. Legal regulations embraced, inter alia, the maritime trade. When the first annual fairs were organised, improved safety and decreased toll rates furthered the development of towns situated on trade routes. Changes in the socioeconomic structure and the fall of Constantinople influenced the progressive standardisation of commercial law in different countries. The Greeks brought to the West not only their money and wealth but also their law. In the modern era, the first companies with legal personality appeared. The origins of contemporary Belgian commercial law are without a doubt connected with French law. The French rulers’ protectionist policies, which were characterised by a strong interference in laws regulating trade, were included in the ordinance of 1673, the main drafter of which was Savary, and the ordinance of 1681. Such actions resulted in traders developing their own judicial bodies. The next stage that was important for contemporary Belgian law was the issuing of the Napoleonic Code de Commerce of 1807. The French law was implemented in the parts of the Netherlands conquered by Napoleon. Commercial law courts after the French model were established and were staffed not by professional judges but by entrepreneurs. When the Belgians gained independence in 1830, one of their goals was to implement a new commercial code. In the end, however, they chose a different path – a comprehensive revision of the existing law that continued throughout the following decades. In that process Belgian commercial law was complemented with, among other things, private companies. The changes to the legal code in the 20th century resulted mainly from the developments in international law (e.g. the acceptance of conventions concerning promissory notes) as well as European law. In 1999 company law was transferred from the Code de Commerce to the Companies Code. The French commercial court system was adopted after the Belgian Independence, but during the last two hundred years the organisation of these courts was changed. Although some argue that there is a need for reform and for the removal of non-professional judges, the author of this paper is of the opinion that lay judges are efficient.
    Źródło:
    Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa; 2013, 6, 4; 365-386
    2084-4115
    2084-4131
    Pojawia się w:
    Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Managing employee cynicism using organizational justice practices and support - a case of chinese banking industry
    Zarządzanie cynizmem pracowniczym z wykorzystaniem organizacyjnych praktyk wymiaru sprawiedliwości i wsparcia - przypadek chińskiego branży bankowej
    Autorzy:
    Nan, Jia
    Mohamad, Mohamad Hisyam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315185.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Częstochowska
    Tematy:
    employee cynicism management
    organizational justice practices
    organizational support
    banking industry
    zarządzanie cynizmem pracowniczym
    praktyki sprawiedliwości organizacyjnej
    wsparcie organizacyjne
    sektor bankowy
    Opis:
    The current study investigated the effectiveness of employee cynicism management practices in banking organizations, and tested the three aspects of organizational justice practices that reduce organizational cynicism through perceived organizational support. The cross-sectional data was used to test the conceptual framework through a cluster sampling strategy. The results showed that perceived organizational support could effectively reduce organizational cynicism. Moreover, different forms of organizational justice directly affect organizational cynicism management and can effectively reduce organizational cynicism, among which distributional justice has the most significant impact. In addition, the current study also supported the mediating role of perceived organizational support. This intermediary mechanism expands the scope of application of organizational justice practices. The significance of this study lies in exploring and validating effective practises for reducing cynicism in the Chinese context, especially strengthening distributive justice, which can minimize employees' negative work attitudes and ultimately improve individual and organizational performance.
    W niniejszym badaniu zbadano skuteczność praktyk zarządzania cynizmem pracowników w organizacjach bankowych i przetestowano trzy aspekty praktyk sprawiedliwości organizacyjnej, które redukują cynizm organizacyjny poprzez postrzegane wsparcie organizacyjne. Dane przekrojowe wykorzystano do przetestowania ram koncepcyjnych za pomocą strategii próbkowania skupień. Wyniki pokazały, że postrzegane wsparcie organizacyjne może skutecznie zmniejszyć cynizm organizacyjny. Co więcej, różne formy sprawiedliwości organizacyjnej bezpośrednio wpływają na zarządzanie cynizmem organizacyjnym i mogą skutecznie redukować cynizm organizacyjny, spośród których sprawiedliwość dystrybucyjna ma największy wpływ. Ponadto obecne badanie poparło również mediacyjną rolę postrzeganego wsparcia organizacyjnego. Ten pośredniczący mechanizm rozszerza zakres stosowania praktyk sprawiedliwości organizacyjnej. Znaczenie tego badania polega na badaniu i walidacji skutecznych praktyk ograniczania cynizmu w kontekście chińskim, zwłaszcza wzmacniania sprawiedliwości dystrybutywnej, która może zminimalizować negatywne nastawienie pracowników do pracy i ostatecznie poprawić indywidualne i wydajność organizacyjna.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Management Studies; 2022, 25, 2; 218--233
    2081-7452
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Management Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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