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Tytuł:
Recent U.S. and International Assessment of Baltic Security Developments
Autorzy:
Chapman, Bert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576525.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-19
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
geopolitics
European security
baltic security
Opis:
Examining analysis of Baltic security developments from U.S. government and military resources, scholarly journal articles, and multinational public policy research institute assessments. Analyzing content and rhetoric within these resources to learn how those producing these materials view Baltic security developments and their viewpoints on how the U.S. and its allies should respond to these developments focusing on increasing Russian regional assertiveness. Provides interpretations of Baltic security developments, Russian Baltic policy, and U.S. and NATO responses ot these developments in materials produced by U.S. civilian and military policymakers and multinational scholarly analysis. Includes performance assessments of U.S. programs including the European Deterrence Initiative and potential Russian military activity in the Baltics as reflected in varying reports by the U.S. Government, military, and multinational public policy research institutions. Recommends U.S. and NATO countries recognize a new Cold War exists with a revisionist Russia. Advocates continuing NATO military exercise, upgrading civilian and military infrastructure protection, and enhancing U.S. and allied preparedness. Urges ongoing and candid dialogue between NATO and Russia to keep this situation from erupting into war. Insists the U.S. and its allies adroitly respond to Russian attempts to influence and manipulate public opinion toward Moscow. Expresses concern that U.S. partisan division over 2016 Russian interference in U.S. presidential election makes achieving greater Baltic policy cohesion difficult. Advocates warning Russia of devastating consequences of attempts to militarily invade or subvert Baltic countries.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2019, 26, 4; 3-33
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Baltic Ring and BEMIP initiatives and their role in the energy security of Baltic states
Autorzy:
Mórawska, Grażyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085634.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Polityki Energetycznej im. Ignacego Łukasiewicza
Tematy:
Baltic Ring
energy security of Baltic states
Opis:
The following paper treats about the initiatives of Baltic Ring and the Baltic Energy Market Interconnection Plan (BEMIP). Their main purpose is to integrate the electric grid in the states located at the Baltic coast and to eliminate barriers in transmission of electricity between them. This goal is notably difficult to achieve because of three different systems of grid functioning in the Baltic region - the Nordel system connecting Norway, Sweden and Finland, the IPS/UPS system common for all the post-soviet countries including Russia, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, and the European system used by most countries of European Union. While the Baltic Ring at the moment of its creation was meant to be a plane for cooperation around the coastline of Baltic Sea, its noble objectives did not survive in the XXI century. The new incarnation of Baltic Ring, called Baltic Energy Market Interconnection Plan, does not even declare any will to cooperate with Russia nor Belarus. Its far-reaching goal is to desynchronize the electric grid of Baltic states with the IPS/UPS system and to connect tchem with the continental Europe. This plan is strongly supported by European Union and criticized by Russia. The main purpose of the following paper is to define the role of the European Union’s energy policy in relations between Russia and the Baltic states. The European strategy for limiting Russia’s influence is clearly visible in the area of electricity transmission. The Baltic states remain the most sensitive EU countries affected by that kind of influence, so that the BEMIP plan is focused mainly on enhancing their energy security.
Źródło:
Energy Policy Studies; 2021, No. 1 (7); 3-11
2545-0859
Pojawia się w:
Energy Policy Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Security policy of the Baltic States and its determining factors
Autorzy:
Piotrowski, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576203.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-20
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
security policy
European security
Baltic States
Opis:
The history of the nations living in today’s Baltic States is marked by fighting against stronger neighbours: Russia, Poland, Sweden, Denmark and the German settlers in their territories. Unlike Lithuanians, Estonians and Latvians failed to create their own statehood before the 20 th century. The Lithuanians created their own state, a powerful one, which then became a part of an even wider state organism – the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. As a result, the security policy of Lithuania was identical to that of the First Republic of Poland. Although there were tribes living within the area of current Estonia and Latvia for many centuries up to the outbreak of World War I, the lands of Latvia and Estonia had been changing owners and had been under the rule of almost all neighbouring countries. As a result of the positive outcome of the First World War, but also thanks to their efforts, the Baltic States regained independence in order to lose it after only 20 years, as a consequence of another war. After restoring independence with the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Baltic States realised that even acting together they were unable to defend themselves against a potential aggressor. As a result, they decided to follow in the footsteps of other countries of the former Eastern Bloc (e.g. Poland and Slovakia) and to integrate with Western European structures such as NATO and the EU. Following NATO inclusion, the security strategies of the Baltic States have been revised in line with the changes in their surrounding geopolitical environment.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2018, 22, 5; 46-70
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How can NATO as a collective alliance effectively counter the threat of Russia’a hybrid warfare?
Autorzy:
Jagminas, Andrius
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/534394.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu w Dąbrowie Górniczej
Tematy:
Russian security strategy
Baltic States
International relations
Opis:
Crimea annexation and ongoing Ukrainian crisis are major issues which have influenced the perception of security in Europe, being a result of the Russian Federation assertive policy making. As fundamental Russian national interests are defined in ‘Russian National Security Strategy to 2020 (RNSS)’, it deserves closer attention as it provides insight into strategic national priorities and prescribes measures to ensure security and development. The paper aims to analyse threats recognized in the Strategy including those related to three Baltic States. The paper analyses the main threats arising from RNSS towards the Baltic region, next it evaluates the actual feasibility of Lithuanian, Estonian and Latvian defence concepts to counter threats emerging from RNSS and implications for the Baltic States’ military security.
Źródło:
Security Forum; 2017, 1, Volume 1 No. 2/2017; 7-18
2544-1809
Pojawia się w:
Security Forum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish Armed Forces and hybrid war: current and required capabilities
Autorzy:
Piekarski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/643001.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
Tematy:
Polska
military security
hybrid warfare
Baltic Sea
Opis:
The article describes the problems of Polish military forces in the context of a relatively new type of threat, commonly described as “hybrid warfare”. The first step of the analysis is a description of such threat, based on data gathered by Polish and foreign analytical centers. The next step is a presentation of the current state of Polish military forces – in terms of doctrine, organization, training and materiel (e.g. equipment). This kind of data analysis offers relevant information about defense capabilities that the Polish Armed Forces have and those which they lack. These capabilities are then compared to the challenges posed by hybrid warfare, thus providing insights on potential new capabilities which should be acquired as well as those which are unnecessary in the context of hybrid war.
Źródło:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2019, 1
2299-4335
Pojawia się w:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
What implications the Russian Federation’s compatriot policy could have for the security of Baltic States?
Autorzy:
Sinisaar, Andres
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/534432.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu w Dąbrowie Górniczej
Tematy:
Baltic region
National security
National minorities
Russia
Opis:
The National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation to 2020 sets the national interests of the country and strategic national priorities, which could affect strategy for the military security of Baltic States. This paper will argue that the threat to the military security of Baltic States has considerably increased since their restoration of independence because the Russian army reforms in recent years have increased the military capabilities near the Baltic States borders and military operations and other military activities have risen around the Baltic region, which have decreased the environment of the security on the entire area. The aim of this paper is to identify the Russian military threats and to analyse their implications to the concepts of the military security of Baltic States, which based on territorial defence and to make further recommendations based on research findings and analysis.
Źródło:
Security Forum; 2017, 1, Volume 1 No. 1/2017; 17-28
2544-1809
Pojawia się w:
Security Forum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Security dilemmas of the Baltic region
Autorzy:
Antczak, Anna
Śliwa, Zdzisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/944332.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Baltic region
security
Russian Federation
NATO
deterrence
Opis:
The aim of the paper is to provide an analysis of security in the Baltic region, regarding the decision taken by NATO toward strengthening the security of the Baltic region when facing the threat from the East. It looks deeper into geostrategy as one of the keys to understand the vagaries of security dilemmas in the Baltic area. The article presents a situation analysis from both the Baltic states’ and NATO’s perspectives, having as a background recent actions undertaken by Russia.
Źródło:
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne; 2018, 3; 119-134
1731-7517
Pojawia się w:
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish-Norwegian cooperation in the field of energy security in the political thought of Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS) and Platforma Obywatelska (PO)
Autorzy:
Paszkowski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2152172.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
political thought
Baltic Pipe
energy security
political parties
Opis:
The large share of natural gas supplies that are sent to Poland from the Russian Federation has been heavily criticised by many Polish political parties. Politicians from several political groups have emphasised the need to diversify the sources and directions of this commodity. In this respect, cooperation with Norway was to play a key role in ensuring the implementation of this scheme. The goal of this article is to analyse the political thought of Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS, the Law and Justice) and Platforma Obywatelska (PO, the Civic Platform) parties in the construction of the Baltic Pipe gas pipeline. The main research paradigm applied in the text is the analysis of testimonies and traces of political thought. Taking up the topic is important due to an overall lack of studies that show original findings of the standpoint of various political parties in Poland on the idea of building this specific type of energy infrastructure.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2022, XLVI, 1; 101-114
1899-6264
2451-0718
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in the security environment of the Baltic States
Autorzy:
Kamiński, Mariusz Antoni
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1550034.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Wiedzy Obronnej
Tematy:
Baltic states
security
Baltic Sea region
national defense
security environment
kraje bałtyckie
bezpieczeństwo
region Morza Bałtyckiego
obrona narodowa
środowisko bezpieczeństwa
Opis:
The main aim of the article is to analyze the security environment of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. The author presents the security dilemmas of the Baltic States before their accession to NATO in 2004 (based on the example of the Republic of Estonia). Subsequently, the author shows the changes that have occurred in the security systems of the Baltic states since the beginning of the hybrid war in Ukraine in 2014. The author also draws attention to key security problems and points to Polish experiences that could be successfully adopted by Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.
Źródło:
Wiedza Obronna; 2020, 4; 25-37
0209-0031
2658-0829
Pojawia się w:
Wiedza Obronna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
30 years of integration in the Baltic Sea Region: security against the background of the current geopolitical situation
Autorzy:
Śmigerska-Belczak, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/630217.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
security
cooperation
Baltic Sea Region (BSR)
European Union (EU)
sustainable development
Opis:
The aim of the article is to attempt to assess the results achieved in the economic and political field from the perspective of past cooperation as well as to see whether the directions and forms of this cooperation remain adequate to the challenges expected to be faced in the near future. In the current situation, the process of sustainable development implemented, among others, through the introduction of the concept of circular economy seems to be a solution guaranteeing security in all areas as well as further development.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace; 2019, 2(38); 49-65
2082-0976
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Suwalki Gap : NATOs fragile hot spot
Autorzy:
Elak, L.
Śliwa, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/120187.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
Baltic states
international security
Suwałki Gap
NATO
kraje bałtyckie
bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe
Suwałki
Opis:
The so called Suwalki Gap has been lately among important regional security related topics and it has been linked with its geostrategic location and geographical complexity of the terrain for conducting military operations. The threat toward Baltic states cause it to be discussed widely by civilian and military authorities, especially in the context of destabilising Ukraine and annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation and possible assertive actions. The paper proposes an approach to the Suwalki Gap issue based on its geostrategic location and operational importance. It includes also its geographical characteristic connected with conducting military operations in that specific terrain. It furthers the discussion of tactical aspects of defensive and offensive operations there. The outcome of the NATO Warsaw Summit is also discussed in the context of Suwalki Gap as a land bridge linking Baltic states with the NATO allies.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe AON; 2016, 2(103); 24-40
0867-2245
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The United Kingdom Towards the Military Security of Poland and the Baltic States in the 20th and 21st Centuries
Wielka Brytania wobec bezpieczeństwa militarnego Polski i państw bałtyckich w XX i XXI wieku
Autorzy:
Jureńczyk, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2139706.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-08-03
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Naukowe Dolnośląskiej Szkoły Wyższej
Tematy:
Wielka Brytania
Polska
państwa baltyckie
bezpieczeństwo militarne
United Kingdom
Polska
Baltic States
miltary security
Opis:
The aim of the paper is to analyze and assess the attitude of the United Kingdom towards the military security of Poland and the Baltic States in the 20th and 21st centuries. The first part of the paper discusses the involvement of Great Britain in ensuring the military security of Poland and the Baltic States in the 20th century, including, in particular, their preservation of independence. The second part of the paper presents the activities of the British to strengthen the military security of these countries in the 21st century, especially in the context of the crisis in Ukraine and the military threat from Russia. The main research question is whether Great Britain's activities to ensure the military security of Poland and the Baltic States in the 20th and 21st centuries were significant and effective in achieving this goal? The main thesis of the paper is that the UK activities in the 20th century to support the military security of Poland and the Baltic States were insignificant and only partially effective. Nowadays, however, the United Kingdom is one of the NATO countries that have been most involved in strengthening the military security of the Alliance's eastern flank countries. The British security policy is primarily conditioned by a pragmatic approach typical of the theory of realism. The method of text source analysis was used in the paper. It is necessary to conduct further research, especially regarding the current activity of Great Britain to ensure the military security of Poland and the Baltic States.
Przedmiotem artykułu jest postawa Wielkiej Brytanii wobec bezpieczeństwa militarnego Polski i państw bałtyckich w XX i XXI wieku. W pierwszej części artykułu omówione zostało zaangażowanie Wielkiej Brytanii w zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa militarnego Polski i państw bałtyckich w XX wieku, w tym przede wszystkim w zachowanie przez nie niepodległości. W drugiej części artykułu przedstawiono działania Wielkiej Brytanii na rzecz bezpieczeństwa militarnego tych państw w XXI wieku, szczególnie w kontekście kryzysu na Ukrainie i zagrożenia militarnego ze strony Rosji. Głównym pytaniem badawczym jest czy działania Wielkiej Brytanii w zakresie zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa militarnego Polski i państw bałtyckich w XX i XXI wieku były znaczące i efektywne w osiągnięciu tego celu? Główna teza artykułu zakłada że działania Wielkiej Brytanii w XX wieku na rzecz wsparcia bezpieczeństwa militarnego Polski i państw bałtyckich były nieznaczne i tylko częściowe efektywne. Obecnie jednak Wielka Brytania jest jednym z państw NATO, które w największym stopniu są zaangażowane we wzmocnienie bezpieczeństwa militarnego państw wschodniej flanki Sojuszu.
Źródło:
Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Międzynarodowego; 2020, 14, 1; 132-143
1896-8848
2450-3436
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Międzynarodowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Small sea, big problems: chances and challenges of military security in Baltic region
Małe morze, duże problemy: szanse i wyzwania w zakresie bezpieczeństwa militarnego w regionie Morza Bałtyckiego
Autorzy:
Piekarski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30145273.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
Baltic Sea
hybrid warfare
Navy
maritime security
Morze Bałtyckie
wojna hybrydowa
bezpieczeństwo morskie
Marynarka Wojenna
Opis:
The article aims to analyze the chances and challenges related to the military security of states surrounding the Baltic Sea. Notably, the problem of the protection of maritime traffic and other sea-related economic activities shall be described. Particular attention shall be given to possible scenarios of “hybrid warfare.” Based on possible threats characteristics, several aspects of changes in organizations and ways of employment of naval forces, border, and coast guard forces and special operations forces.
Tematem artykułu jest analiza szans i wyzwań związanych z bezpieczeństwem militarnym państw otaczających Morze Bałtyckie. W szczególności opisano problem bezpieczeństwa transportu morskiego oraz innej działalności gospodarczej związanej z morzem. Szczególna uwaga została zwrócona na możliwe scenariusze „wojny hybrydowej” w tym regionie. W oparciu o możliwą charakterystykę zagrożeń istotnymi aspektami są postulowane zmiany w organizacji oraz sposobach wykorzystania sił morskich, formacji granicznych oraz wojsk specjalnych.
Źródło:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces; 2020, 52, 3(197); 620-631
2544-7122
2545-0719
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Defence cooperation between Sweden and Finland. Brothers in arms in the Nordic and beyond
Współpraca obronna między Szwecją i Finlandią. Towarzysze broni w krajach nordyckich i nie tylko
Autorzy:
Śliwa, Zdzisław
Paasikivi, Joakim
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1887213.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim
Tematy:
Sweden Finland
military cooperation
Baltic Sea region
security
Szwecja Finlandia
współpraca wojskowa
region Morza Bałtyckiego
bezpieczeństwo
Opis:
The security of Europe has been evolving in the last decade, causing the verification of national defence policies. Being members of the European Union but not NATO, Sweden and Finland are revising their defence policies to face complex threats. Their geographical proximity is one factor causing their close military cooperation, supported by building–up their national military and civilian capabilities to deter potential threat from Russia and face hybrid challenges. The progress is visible, especially over the last decade. They are not disregarding closing ranks with other Nordic countries, NATO and specifically the US recognising that a joint effort with those nations and organisations, sharing the same values and facing similar threats, is foundation of their security. The paper utilises the qualitative research approach using a case study, desk research, analysis, and synthesis as methods.
Bezpieczeństwo Europy ewoluuje w ostatniej dekadzie, powodując weryfikację narodowych polityk obronnych. Będąc członkami Unii Europejskiej, a nie NATO, Szwecja i Finlandia zmieniają swoją politykę obronną, aby stawić czoła złożonym zagrożeniom. Ich bliskość geograficzna jest jednym z czynników powodujących zacieśnienie ich współpracy wojskowej, wspartej budowaniem ich narodowych zdolności wojskowych i cywilnych, aby odstraszać potencjalne zagrożenie ze strony Rosji i stawić czoła wyzwaniom hybrydowym. Postęp jest widoczny, zwłaszcza w ostatniej dekadzie. Nie lekceważą zamykania szeregów z innymi krajami nordyckimi, NATO, a konkretnie ze Stanami Zjednoczonymi, uznając, że wspólny wysiłek z tymi narodami i organizacjami, wyznającymi te same wartości i stojącymi w obliczu podobnych zagrożeń, jest podstawą ich bezpieczeństwa. W artykule wykorzystano jakościowe podejście badawcze, wykorzystując studium przypadku, badanie źródeł wtórnych, analizę i syntezę jako metody
Źródło:
Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa; 2021, 10; 123-144
2543-6961
Pojawia się w:
Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
International Political and Security Potential of Ukraine within the Baltic-Black Sea Region and Ukraine’s Participation in Regional Military-Political Cooperation and Integration Processes
Autorzy:
Panchuk, Roman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1931294.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Baltic–Black Sea Union
Intermarium
geopolitical processes
international cooperation
external security
European stability
Russian expansion
military power
Opis:
The article presents the Baltic-Black Sea region in the military-political dimension, as well as explores the potential benefits of this cooperation for European security. The study offers some important insights into the historical preconditions for the formation of the Union according to the Baltic-Black Sea Arc. This paper attempts to show the importance of international political and security potential of Ukraine and its influence on the formation of the Baltic-Black Sea Union. The Baltic-Black Sea Union is seen as an effective counterweight to Russia’s expansion into the West, whereby Ukraine could serve as a guarantor of European stability. The article analyzes opinions of international experts on the implementation of the Baltic-Black Sea Union, as well as compares the military power of potential members of the union with the military forces of advanced countries. This study provides an important opportunity to advance the understanding of the benefits for Union members and European countries and how the United States can help implement the idea of project. The analysis emphasizes the functions of the Baltic-Black Sea Union, potential NATO assistance and how the Union will ensure the stability of its forces in Europe. It is summarized why the countries of the Baltic-Black Sea arc can act as a guarantor of protection against Russian aggression.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie; 2020, 1(25); 136-152
1643-6911
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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