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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 46
Tytuł:
A Brief Military History of the Later Reign of Šāpur II
Autorzy:
JACKSON BONNER, Michael Richard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517482.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
Šāpur
wars
Sasanid
Huns
Opis:
This is a brief history of the wars of Šāpur II from the middle of the fourth century to the death of that king in the year 379. These conflicts represent the military operations of the Sasanid state at its height before a gradual decline under the successor to Šāpur II.
Źródło:
Historia i Świat; 2017, 6; 97-105
2299-2464
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Świat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Roots of Confrontation: Energy Aspect of Hybrid Warfare
Autorzy:
Magda, Yevhen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/519732.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
hybrid warfare
“energy weapon”
gas wars
Opis:
The article deals with the problem of usage of “energy weapon” in hybrid war. The author makes retrospective review of “energy weapon” usage by Russia against Ukraine. Author shows the historical roots of confrontation, starting from the revolutionary times (1917–1921).
Źródło:
Historia i Polityka; 2018, 26 (33); 63-71
1899-5160
2391-7652
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wars of the future in Russian – hybrid, sociological and psychological war in view of the Ukrainian conflict
Wojny przyszłości po rosyjsku – wojna hybrydowa, informacyjna i psychologiczna na tle konfliktu ukraińskiego
Autorzy:
Krzak, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/501541.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-03-15
Wydawca:
Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego
Tematy:
hybrid wars
future wars
war in Ukraine
Gerasimov’s concept
military conflict
asymmetric war
rebellious wars
sixth generation wars (6G wars) irregular war
wojna hybrydowa
wojny przyszłości
wojna na Ukrainie
koncepcja Gierasimowa
konflikt zbrojny
wojna asymetryczna
wojny buntownicze
wojny szóstej generacji
wojna nieregularna.
Opis:
After the collapse of the Cold War we have been observing sudden changes in tactics and ways the wars and conflicts are waged. Increasing mutual penetration and combining of regular and irregular war techniques has been noticeable. Current military conflicts, both regional and with broader range, are characterized by complexity of all possible warfare means and their practical usage. This diversity of elements included in destructive actions has become extremely popular subject of political and media discussions and has currently been defined as hybrid activities or hybrid war. It has to be clear that the West in broader sense has entered the most stormy era of the aggressive confrontation to overthrow fundamental basis of democratic models and institutions. Asymmetric and hybrid warfare makes it possible that even less mighty players are able to carry out many effective strikes despite of a lack of enough military potential, and in some favorable circumstances to take initiative both on tactical as well as on strategic level.
Po zakończeniu zimnej wojny można zaobserwować gwałtowne zmiany w taktyce i prowadzeniu konfliktów oraz wojen. Zauważalne stało się narastające wzajemne przenikanie się, a także łączenie technik, wojny regularnej i nieregularnej. Współczesne konflikty militarne zarówno o charakterze regionalnym, jak i znacznie szerszym zasięgu cechuje kompleksowość zastosowania i praktycznego wykorzystania wszelkich możliwych środków walki. Ta różnorodność elementów wchodzących w taką formę prowadzonej działalności destrukcyjnej stała się niezwykle popularnym tematem dyskursu politycznego i publicystycznego oraz została współcześnie zdefiniowana jako d z i a ł a n i a h y b r y d o w e lub w o j n a h y b r y d o w a . Należy jasno zdać sobie sprawę z tego, że szeroko rozumiany Zachód wkroczył w bodaj najbardziej burzliwą erę agresywnej konfrontacji, która ma na celu obalenie fundamentalnych podstaw demokratycznych modeli i instytucji. Asymetryczno-hybrydowa sztuka wojenna umożliwia bowiem także mniej potężnym graczom przeprowadzenie wielu efektywnych uderzeń pomimo braku odpowiedniego potencjału militarnego i w pewnych sprzyjających okolicznościach przejęcie inicjatywy zarówno na poziomie taktycznym, jak i strategicznym.
Źródło:
Przegląd Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego; 2018, 10, 18; 221-243
2080-1335
2720-0841
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
British and Austrian documents for the position of the Muslim population in Salonica and its surrounding area during the Balkan Wars
Autorzy:
Goseva, Vera
Kotlar-Traykova, Natasha
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909884.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-01-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Balkan wars
Macedonia
great powers
Muslims
Salonica
Opis:
In the article we shall study the position of the second largest community in the city of Salonica – the Muslim community – during the Balkan Wars (1912-1913), using British and Austrian documents. We can conclude that the Balkan Wars satisfied the ambitions of the Balkan states’ nationalist circles which, of course, had the politics of the Great Powers behind them. That such of the case was obvious at both conferences that took place in London at the same time – the Conference of the Ambassadors of the Great Powers and the Peace Conference of the Balkan states engaged in war. 80 years after these wars, a new war threatened the Balkans and was led, with all its attributes of cruelty, on the territory of former Yugoslavia. Reflecting on this phenomenon from today’s perspective, we can come to the conclusion that the historical lesson taught by the Balkan Wars (1912/13) had not been learnt.
Źródło:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia; 2012, 19, 1; 232-239
0239-4278
2450-3177
Pojawia się w:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Concerto for Piano and Orchestra by Henryk Wars: Discovering a Masterpiece
Autorzy:
Żebrowski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/473818.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Musica Iagiellonica
Tematy:
piano concerto form, Richard Addinsell, Henryk Wars
Opis:
Henryk Wars has been long known for many film soundtracks and countless hit songs composed in Poland during the inter-war period and in the United States in the 1950s and the 1960s. But he was also a classically trained composer who left a substantial legacy of finely crafted, large-scale orchestral works. They were written soon after he settled in California in 1947, and quite a few years before he had a chance to redefine himself as a film composer in Hollywood. During his early years in America Wars devoted most of his passion and energy to completing among others such large scale works as Symphony No. 1 (1948–1949), Piano Concerto (1950), City Sketches – Orchestral Suite (1951/1969–1974), and Sonatina for Orchestra. Aim of this study is to present Wars’s Piano Concerto – a skillfully designed one-movement work completed in 1950, with a strongly neo-romantic character, sparkling virtuoso solo part, and richly-scored orchestral accompaniment. The author of the study analyzes in detail the formal layout of the work, indicates the composer’s inspirations (mostly Schumann and Addinsell, also Chopin, Gershwin and Rachmaninov) and shows that using the traditional sonata allegro layout, Wars effectively introduces several very attractive melodic ideas and skillfully shapes them in into a successful one-movement formal design. Wars’s one-movement Piano Concerto is an excellent addition to the repertoire of shorter works for piano and orchestra. Whilst it offers some technical challenges for the performers, it is also a very effective work that easily finds favor with the audiences.
Źródło:
Musica Iagellonica; 2018, 9; 101-126
1233-9679
2545-0360
Pojawia się w:
Musica Iagellonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Land Politics in Hungary between the Two World Wars
Autorzy:
Peres, Zsuzsanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/926103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Hungarian legislation
real property
the World Wars
Opis:
The paper discusses the Hungarian legislation that regulated the ownership referring to real property in the period between the World Wars. The discussion included also the review of the law on colonization and division of the land, as well as the law on bank loans offered to those who were professionally engaged in farming. In addition, the authoress made an analysis of the archaic institution of fideicomissum. While depicting the background of legislative efforts of the time, the authoress recalled the developments that took place prior to the discussed changes in the ownership relationships. Therefore she discussed also the 19th century reforms that abolished serfdom and serf labour, introduced the land and mortgage register etc.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa; 2011, 4; 95-107
2084-4115
2084-4131
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Trade wars and the changing international order: a crisis of globalization?
Autorzy:
Mihaylov, Valentin
Sitek, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1069035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
Geoeconomics
geopolitics
globalization
G20
trade wars
Opis:
Increased geopolitical competition and growing economic nationalism after 2014 have gradually started to slow the trend of liberalization of international trade. Relations among certain national states have turned into trade wars – a hybrid phenomenon shaped at the intersection of geopolitics and geoeconomics. The paper explores global and regional trends in trade regulations introduced by the world’s largest economies and, at the same time, its major military powers. The G20 countries’ role in these processes was illustrated through references to empirical data on the dynamics of the introduced trade regulations in 2009–2018. The effectiveness of the regulations index is proposed. Apart from the harm that deepening such negative trends in the global geostrategic balance does to broader bilateral relations, the role of trade wars in re-shaping globalization’s established conditions is also discussed.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2021, 25, 2; 99-109
0867-6046
2084-6118
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Impact of War and Pandemic Crises on the Sovereign Creditworthiness and Solvency. The Position, Role and Decisions of International Rating Agencies
Autorzy:
Lepczyński, Błażej
Pisarewicz, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18105038.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
sovereign creditworthiness
solvency
credit rating
pandemics
wars
Opis:
Theoretical background: The sovereign creditworthiness and solvency in the context of the pandemic and war crises is one of the biggest challenges that the modern world and the financial market face. It has a key impact on the basic economic indicators, including the price of debt incurred by individual countries and, thus, the profitability of debt securities. The COVID-19 pandemic, which began at the turn of 2019 and 2020, and Russia’s aggression against Ukraine which started on 24 February 2022, have strongly impacted the level of debt of European states and other countries of the world. The energy crisis, which is currently growing, is also taking its toll on the main economic indicators. International credit rating agencies are institutions that have been analysing the sovereign creditworthiness and solvency and individual business entities for many decades. At times, their activities have been the subject of criticism, but their place in the global financial market seems unthreatened and the results of their work still constitute the basic indicator of creditworthiness and solvency evaluation. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to present issues related to the impact of war and pandemic crises on the sovereign creditworthiness and solvency and also the position, role and decisions of international rating agencies. Due to the ongoing war in Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic, these are very important issues that have a real impact on the economic condition of individual countries as well as the standard of living of citizens. This article focuses on these elements of the contemporary reality. Research methods: The subject matter and purpose of the article have been illustrated against the background of current theoretical knowledge, historical research and the latest analyses of key economic indicators, such as inflation or bond yields. The study of the impact of wars on sovereign ratings was empirical. To visualise the historical scale of the wars and pandemics destruction, in the analytical part of the study, statistical data has been re-scaled to the current global population. Main findings: The research conducted in this article has indicated that crises related to a pandemic and war have a negative impact on the sovereign creditworthiness and solvency. Historical studies of armed conflicts and pandemics have shown that the former had a significantly greater impact on inflation and bond yields. For example, the level of inflation started to drop within one year after the end of the wars and almost immediately after the end of the pandemic. The same applied to bond yields. Of course, this was directly reflected in the evaluations of international rating agencies. The issues discussed in the article are of practical application, because the on-going war in Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic have had a very large impact on the global economy and the financial condition of individual countries. Our research also shows that the war hit the ratings of sovereign countries directly involved in the war, while other countries’ ratings (possibly threatened by aggression from Russia in the future – e.g. EU countries) remain stable.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia; 2022, 56, 5; 149-170
0459-9586
2449-8513
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analyzing the role of Marxist, Althusserian and Freudian ideologies in the making of modern world through the post-world wars dystopian fiction
Autorzy:
Zubair, Hassan Bin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375550.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowy Instytut Innowacji Nauka – Edukacja – Rozwój w Warszawie
Tematy:
Civilizations
Political Realities
New Consumerism
Dystopia
World Wars
Opis:
This research explores the transition towards the modern era from the brutal scenario of World Wars I &II. Different kind of fiction was produced in this context and every writer has tried his/her level best to present that dilemma in his/her own way. It presents a clear picture that which sort of elements were there to bring that specific change and transition towards the modern era in 20th century. It has brought the ur-ban settlements and rapid growth in the industrial deeds. During that specific time, fascism, consumer culture, surveillance, anti- intellectualism, media influence communism and totalitarianism were on the peak. All these factors lead the writers to create dystopian fiction and it formed a striking literary movement. This research is limited to the three dystopian novels of 20th century including Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, Lord of the Flies by William Golding and 1984 by George Orwell. This research is qualitative in nature, Marxist, Althusserian and Freudian theories support this research as a primary theoretical framework. This research is helpful to know about the Pre and Post World Wars scenario and to know about the socio-political scenario of the present day world.
Źródło:
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences; 2019, 9(1); 425-439
2450-2146
2451-1064
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Confronting recent history: forced mobilization in Serbia during the war in Croatia 1991–1995
Autorzy:
Mladenov Jovanović, Srđan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/910255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-13
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
forced mobilization
culling
Yugoslav wars
Željko Ražnatović Arkan
Opis:
However much interest the Yugoslav conflicts of the nineties seem to have sparked within the broader academic community, some relevant topics are still found to be missing or underresearched. The forced mobilization during the Milošević regime that culled men of almost all age in order for them to fight for their country is one of them. With the recently published Untold stories of the victims of the forced mobilization, some new light has been shed on the cullings of the 1990s. This article explores those stories, including recently emerged transcripts from the governmental sessions discussing them, and puts them through a historical lens.
Źródło:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia; 2020, 27, 1; 167-180
0239-4278
2450-3177
Pojawia się w:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strategic aims of Šāpur II during the campaign in northern Mesopotamia (359-360)
Autorzy:
MAKSYMIUK, Katarzyma
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517673.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
Iran
Sasanians
Amida
wars
Šāpur II
Ammianus Marcellinus
Opis:
In 359, Šāpur II (r. 309-379) led his army against Rome. This campaign became a milestone for the balance of power in Romano-Iranian borderlands. After seventy three Šāpur succeeded in breaking through the defenses and in sacking the city of Amida. According to Ammianus Marcellinus long lasting, heroic defense of Amida saved the Roman cities of Cappadocia from sacking. The author of the article believes that Amida was initial and primary target of Šāpur’s campaign of 359 and the siege was not a result of coincidence of various events, factors and intentions not, as it is suggested by Ammianus Marcellinus.
Źródło:
Historia i Świat; 2018, 7; 87-97
2299-2464
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Świat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Empirical analysis of the relationship between trade wars and sea-air transportation
Autorzy:
Kiracı, Kasım
Akan, Ercan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1011591.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu
Tematy:
trade wars
sea transportation
air transportation
panel causality
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to empirically analyse the relationship between the trade wars and modes of transport for selected countries. For this purpose the causality relationship between trade value and sea transport / air transportation for EU-G20 and US-G20 countries was examined. Panel causality analysis was used as a method in the study. The empirical findings of the study show the existence of a causality relationship between the trade value and modes of transport (sea transport and air transport) for country groups. This shows that the countries' sea and air transport will be adversely afected by trade wars.
Źródło:
Economics and Business Review; 2020, 6, 3; 23-44
2392-1641
Pojawia się w:
Economics and Business Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New Old Wars – Asymmetric Acts of War in the 21st Century
Autorzy:
Ho Thanh, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2032292.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
modern warfare
asymmetric threat
classic wars
economy of war
Opis:
The end of the twentieth century wars initiated a paradigm shift. Conflicts that emerged at the end of the last century and developed in the early 21st century revealed new aspects of the armed struggle. The classic perception of war has been blurred. In place of the bipolar symmetry appeared asymmetric threats. The former state monopoly on the use of force was lost. Some new members of armed conflict appeared, traditional battlefield setting disappeared and progressive imbalance between the parties for the disposition of potential violence leads to inequality and instability in the world. Asymmetry became a main factor in determining the image of modern warfare.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2013, 4; 59-82
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The capture Hatrā in light of military and political activities of Ardašīr I
Autorzy:
MAKSYMIUK, Katarzyma
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517590.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
Sasanians
Ardašīr
Arabs
Roman Empire
Persian Gulf
Wars
Hatra
Opis:
Hatrā was a city in Upper Mesopotamia which gained strategic importance in Irano-Roman border zone in 2nd century AD and managed to successfully resist the attempts of capturing by the Roman army. Power shift in Iran which resulted in taking over of Iranian throne by Ardašīr I (224-242) changed the situation of Hatrā. Below considerations are an attempt to analyze economic, political and first of all military factors which allowed capturing the city in 240/241 by the Sasanian army.
Źródło:
Historia i Świat; 2017, 6; 89-95
2299-2464
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Świat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Automatic reasoning in the Planet Wars game
Autorzy:
Ziółko, B.
Kruk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/106232.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
artificial intelligence
algorithm
Planet Wars game
war simulation
computer game
Opis:
An artificial intelligence algorithm for a computer game competition organised by Google and University of Waterloo is presented. It competes with others by reasoning, evaluating of a situation and taking decisions in a war simulation.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio AI, Informatica; 2012, 12, 1; 39-45
1732-1360
2083-3628
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio AI, Informatica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 46

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