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    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of the use of personal and property protection companies for ensuring safety in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Czop, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1861756.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    people and properties protection companies
    public security
    public security system
    security worker
    Opis:
    For many years author of this paper was dealing with the co-operation with people and properties protection companies as he was performing important functions in Police. After the police career of his, he became an auditor of these entities. He was given an important function of the vice-chairman of the Polish Association for Employers „Security” – Department in Małopolska [pol. - Polski Związek Pracodawców „Ochrona”- Oddział Małopolska]. This paper is an effect of the research programme, managed by the author, which was finished this year. The main objective of the conducted researches, which were both theoretical and empirical was establishing wheter it is possible in Poland to increase the level of usage of the private security sector for providing security. To answer this important question, first we had to determine the curent level of usage of these entities. In the paper one will find detailed data, which are an evaluation of the current level of engagement of these companies in the public security. This evaluation serves to indicate specific solutions that can allow for more effective participation of the private security sector within this socially important mission.
    Źródło:
    Security Dimensions; 2014, 12(12); 19-28
    2353-7000
    Pojawia się w:
    Security Dimensions
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The role of the uniformed public services in the public security system
    Rola grup dyspozycyjnych w systemie bezpieczeństwa publicznego
    Autorzy:
    Sienko, Natalia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1200791.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
    Tematy:
    Uniformed Public Services
    public security system
    systems approach to security
    grupy dyspozycyjne
    system bezpieczeństwa publicznego
    systemowe podejście do bezpieczeństwa
    Opis:
    The goal of this paper is to emphasise the role of the Uniformed Public Services, which specialise in maintaining security and public order. An important part of the paper is made up of the analysis of a variety of separate areas – such as military, paramilitary, and civilian – whose coexistence favours the correct integration of these groups into the public security system. In light of the above, the it has been acknowledged that the desirable methodological approach to apply in the paper is a systems approach to security, understood as the exploration of system and environment boundaries, the analysis of system coordination, and the interdependence of elements or subsystems. All these approaches allow to explicate a highly complex system
    Celem artykułu jest podkreślenie roli grup dyspozycyjnych, wyspecjalizowanych w utrzymywaniu bezpieczeństwa i porządku publicznego. Istotną część pracy stanowi analiza wyodrębnionych obszarów: militarnego, paramilitarnego czy cywilnego, których współistnienie sprzyja prawidłowemu włączeniu omawianych grup do systemu bezpieczeństwa publicznego. W związku z powyższym autorka uznaje, że pożądaną postawę metodologiczną stanowi systemowe podejście do bezpieczeństwa, rozumiane jako eksploracja granic systemu i otoczenia, analiza koordynacji systemu, współzależności elementów czy podsystemów, pozwalająca na eksplikację wysoce skomplikowanego układu
    Źródło:
    Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2020, 4; 219-233
    1899-6264
    2451-0718
    Pojawia się w:
    Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Public Security and its Contexts
    Autorzy:
    Hejduk, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375043.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
    Tematy:
    security
    system
    public security
    public order
    threats
    law
    administration
    Opis:
    The considerations presented in this article are based on several assumptions. First of all, the human environment and the set of its elements are constantly changing. In the early periods of evolution and development of humanity, man lived in conditions given by nature itself, no different than in natural conditions. However, even then, he was also exposed to threats, mainly natural, including disasters. Secondly, with the passage of time and development there was a very large population increase, which caused changes in quite primitive interpersonal and social relations. More and more organized communities, states began to emerge. With this development, new threats also appeared. In addition to the natural threats, which were already natural by their very name, the threats of a social nature began to emerge from the natural world around us, characterized by continuous and dynamic changes. Thirdly, man, who wanted to effectively deal with the problems of the threats he faced, created safety systems. One of them is the public security system. Fourthly, in today’s security environment there is a paradox that in practice these systems function, and in theory there is no commonly accepted definition of public security. The circumstances outlined above determined the shape of this article, the essence of which was to work out a compromise definition of public security based on the interpretation of this concept by recognized authorities in the field of law, administration and security.
    Źródło:
    Internal Security; 2020, 12(1); 55-68
    2080-5268
    Pojawia się w:
    Internal Security
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Genesis, development and importance of private security companies in the provision of public safety in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Czop, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576501.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
    Tematy:
    private security companies
    private security sector
    public security
    security
    system
    Opis:
    The author benefitted from the support of the private security sector as the Chief Officer of the City Police. When, after leaving the service, he was the President of the Polish Association of Employers Protection Branch “Małopolska”, one of the basic objectives of his activity was to ensure a high level of functioning of the private security sector as an important component of public security. Optimisation of the use of private security companies to ensure public security and order is one of the basic directions of his practical operation and research conducted by him. In the article, the author discusses the role of the private security sector and the tasks set for this sector. The genesis of security companies, their evolution and development in various countries of Europe and the world is covered. Much attention is devoted to the de-monopolisation of security in Poland, in which the security companies played a special role. The author outlines the most important objectives of private sector development in Poland as a specific type of economic activity. The basic concepts related to the functioning of security companies are explained, exposing their priority task, which is the protection of facilities, areas and equipment important for the functioning of the state. The author shows that the current level of terrorist threats implies the need for greater involvement of security companies in providing security to facilities constituting the critical infrastructure of the state. The role of specialist armed security formations in this area is highlighted. In the conducted research process, a positive answer to the main question is given, demonstrating that security companies are currently an important element of the public security system in Poland, and their use in this area should be constantly strengthened.
    Źródło:
    Security and Defence Quarterly; 2017, 17, 4; 100-118
    2300-8741
    2544-994X
    Pojawia się w:
    Security and Defence Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Cooperation of the Police Academy in Szczytno with Polish Security and Public Order Formations
    Autorzy:
    Lubiewski, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375008.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
    Tematy:
    police education
    security and public order
    national security system
    cooperation
    Opis:
    The Police Academy in Szczytno has a long and very variable history. Over the years, in place of existing militia schools of a military nature, new ones have been created, which were to meet the didactic needs of the then Civic Militia. Political changes from the early 1990s brought a wave of reforms in various areas of social and political life in The Republic of Poland. Serious reforms also concerned the security and public order authorities, including the newly appointed Police. A number of major changes were introduced to the level of police education, and in particular in the newly established Police Academy in Szczytno. These were not only formal changes, but ones that actually diametrically changed the profile and functioning of the academy. It was on the wave of these changes that the academy boldly started, and in the following years intensively developed, cooperation with Polish security and public order formations, to an extent that had not been done here until then. In this article, the author wishes to demonstrate, in a synthetic way, the participation of the academy in the process of improving the staff of the Polish security and public order system through intensively conducted cooperation in this field, not only in the didactic dimension, but also in scientific research
    Źródło:
    Internal Security; 2020, Special Issue; 69-83
    2080-5268
    Pojawia się w:
    Internal Security
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The contemporary determinants of functioning of the security agencies
    Autorzy:
    Loose, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082199.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-06-29
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu w Dąbrowie Górniczej
    Tematy:
    security
    public safety
    deregulation
    threats
    security system
    physical protection
    qualified security guard
    private security sector
    professionalization
    Opis:
    The article aims to show the selected challenges and pathologies that affect the private security agencies in Poland. The author first indicates problems related to the legal regulations concerning the protection of persons and property, the most important of which concerns the amendment of the acts regulating the performance of some professions; then he briefly defines the organizational problems of most companies in the security sector, pointing out that the entrepreneurs in the private security sector often have no idea how to develop their own companies, have great difficulties with adapting to the changing market of the security services, do not keep up with the innovations, which all lead to offering their customers the solutions that are already outdated. This article also describes significant problems related to the market trends, with the indication of the growing costs of the remuneration of employees in this sector and the use of various forms of employment and the irregularities related to it. Finally, some of the most important problems are listed as the pathologies of the entire industry. This leads to the conclusion that the private security agencies in Poland are an incredibly significant element of the functioning of the security system, which without significant legislative changes will not fully function as intended and in accordance with its function. The presented results prove that the research on the functioning of the security agencies should be carried out on a continuous basis due to their direct impact on the internal security of the country.
    Źródło:
    Security Forum; 2022, 6, 1; 159-171
    2544-1809
    Pojawia się w:
    Security Forum
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Role and Tasks of the Territorial Defence Force in the National Security System
    Autorzy:
    Świderski, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1808137.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-02-14
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    Territorial Defence Force
    national security system
    crisis management
    public administration
    Opis:
    The detachments of Territorial Defence Force (TDF, Polish: Wojska Obrony Terytorialnej) are an important element in the new structure of the Polish Army. The article presents the challenges the Territorial Defence Force, a new branch of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland, are currently facing. The author discusses the origin of TDF as well as the basic normative and legal documents that specify the role and tasks of TDF in the national security system. The principles of recruitment to TDF, the basic criteria laid down for candidates for service and a timeline of TDF development in 2016–2019 are described. Particular attention is paid to the cooperation between TDF and operational forces in case of an armed conflict, which poses a serious challenge to the new type of armed forces. Additionally, research suggests that the range of tasks assigned to TDF indicates their significant role within the crisis management system. This requires the TDF command to work closely with public administration and to gain trust and esteem in local communities in the regions of their operation.
    Źródło:
    Security Dimensions; 2018, 27(27); 61-72
    2353-7000
    Pojawia się w:
    Security Dimensions
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of public security system and its relations with the elements of the state security system
    Autorzy:
    Wiśniewski, Bernard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1878610.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    Safety
    threats
    state
    internal security
    public safety system
    cooperation
    coordination
    Opis:
    According to the legally binding directives concerning strategy, public safety is one of the fields of the state’s activity that is subjected to dynamic transformation. That is the result of the changes that occur within security area in international and national aspect. These changes indicate that this kind of security is one of the crucial meaning. Its essence concerns citizens’ safety in all subjects of state’s functioning. In order to carry out tasks within this area, public security system has been appointed that is a part of the state’s internal system of security. Due to its goals, public security system cooperates with many elements of the state security system that determines its effectiveness.
    Źródło:
    Security Dimensions; 2014, 11(11); 71-77
    2353-7000
    Pojawia się w:
    Security Dimensions
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Establishment of the Public Health System in the Light of the COVID-19 Pandemic as a Condition of National Security (Experience Acquired Before the War)
    Autorzy:
    Skyba, Olha
    Liannoi, Yurii
    Tonkopei, Yuliia
    Lianna, Olha
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2143619.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-11
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Instytut Ameryk i Europy. Centrum Europejskich Studiów Regionalnych i Lokalnych (EUROREG)
    Tematy:
    public health
    healthcare system
    COVID-19 pandemic
    quarantine
    lockdown
    national security
    Opis:
    The authors have determined that the healthcare system is on the verge of collapse, as it is unable to meet the population’s growing needs for medical care. An analysis of demographic situation and health indices of the adult population in the north-eastern region of Ukraine (based on the example of the Sumy region) was carried out. The study confirms the number of deaths caused by COVID-19, the growth of new cases of coronavirus, and the excessive burden on primary care physicians and infectious disease specialists. It has been determined that the negative state of the domestic healthcare system is due to the shortcomings of public administration and organisation of this system in terms of COVID-19. One of the most important priorities of public policy should be to preserve and strengthen the health of the population, the development of intersectoral cooperation on the principle of ‘healthcare – in all state policies’, and the priority of the nation itself, i.e. the formation of healthy behaviour.
    Źródło:
    Studia Regionalne i Lokalne; 2022, 3, 89; 7-16
    1509-4995
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Regionalne i Lokalne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Systemic approach to cooperation in the sphere of public security – outline of poblem
    Systemowe ujęcie współdziałania w sferze bezpieczeństwa publicznego – szkic problemu
    Autorzy:
    Lubiewski, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838238.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej
    Tematy:
    public security
    state security system
    national security
    Police
    systemic interplay
    cooperation
    bezpieczeństwo publiczne
    system bezpieczeństwa państwa
    bezpieczeństwo narodowe
    Policja
    współdziałanie systemowe
    współpraca
    Opis:
    The paper attempts to outline issues of systemic interplay in the field of public security. Given the importance of public security for the society both in the collective and individual dimensions, the issue of interplay as an element required to streamline the security system appears to be of incomparable importance. The state security system as a construct created to assure the optimum security level (i.e. one that is socially desirable) may not be perceived as a static value, because neither the security environment nor the public security entity are made that way. Systemic interaction is one of the elements that make the public security system gain flexibility features, and makes it adapt to variable conditions of its functioning, which is a direct result of the need of effective implementation of its functions. In this respect it is vital that it is created within the systemic dimension so that it has a direct impact on fulfilment of the function assigned to the public security system, and not merely on the apparently effective involvement of the potential ascribed to it.
    Celem artykułu jest nakreślenie problematyki systemowego współdziałania w obszarze bezpieczeństwa publicznego. Z racji wagi, jaką stanowi bezpieczeństwo publiczne dla społeczeństwa zarówno w wymiarze zbiorowym, jak i indywidualnym, problematyka współdziałania, jako elementu mającego w konsekwencji usprawnić system bezpieczeństwa, wydaje się być niezwykle ważną. System bezpieczeństwa publicznego jako twór skonstruowany z myślą o zapewnieniu optymalnego (pożądanego społecznie) poziomu bezpieczeństwa nie może być wartością statyczną, gdyż takie nie jest ani środowisko bezpieczeństwa, ani też podmiot bezpieczeństwa publicznego. Systemowe współdziałanie jest jednym z tych elementów, które powodują, że system bezpieczeństwa publicznego wykazuje cechy elastyczności, dostosowując się do zmiennych warunków jego funkcjonowania, co wynika bezpośrednio z potrzeby efektywnej realizacji jego funkcji. Istotnym przy tym jest, by wykreowane ono było w wymiarze systemowym, by miało bezpośredni wpływ na wypełnianie funkcji nadanej systemowi bezpieczeństwa publicznego, nie zaś jedynie na pozornie efektywne angażowanie przypisanego mu potencjału.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej; 2020, 3, 75; 76-80
    0239-5223
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Protection of Critical Infrastructure
    Autorzy:
    Seidl, Miroslav
    Šimák, Ladislav
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/503724.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Międzynarodowa Wyższa Szkoła Logistyki i Transportu
    Tematy:
    Critical infrastructure
    sectors and elements of the critical infrastructure
    security
    security system
    security environment
    risks
    threats
    public administration
    transport
    protection
    operability
    Opis:
    Improving the security level belongs to the actual tasks of the contemporary society. The critical infrastructure security is part of these processes. The security environment and its influence on the security. The task of the state and public administration in protecting the critical infrastructure. The influence of the individual critical infrastructure elements for achieving the required citizens´ standard of living. The experience of neighbouring countries from the critical infrastructure protection. The tasks of science and research in the area of increasing the resistance of the critical infrastructure.
    Źródło:
    Logistics and Transport; 2012, 14, 1; 81-102
    1734-2015
    Pojawia się w:
    Logistics and Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    World Responsibility to Act in Russia’s War Against Ukraine
    Autorzy:
    Kuźniak, Brygida
    Zeman, Ihor
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2195804.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    United Nations
    public international law
    the war in Ukraine
    the system of
    collective security
    Russia
    Opis:
    The article aims to address the following question: in the case of a war in Ukraine, is public international law an obstacle to the application of combined international enforcement action within the framework of the collective security system under the auspices of the United Nations, or whether such impediments lie elsewhere? Russia’s presence in the Security Council as a permanent member, and thus endowed with the privilege of vetoing resolutions, paralyses this body. Therefore, the subject of the analysis is what other actions of the United Nations are permitted by law. It is important for assessing the status of the UN as a collective actor in international relations, the main objective of which, under Art. 1 of the UN Charter, is “to maintain international peace and security, and, to that end: to take effective collective measures for (…) the suppression of acts of aggression”. Bearing in mind the fact that international law is a consensual legal order, the article assesses its available compulsory mechanisms and instruments. The supplementary objective is to determine whether it is permissible to use the term “war” with regard to the armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine.
    Źródło:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2022, 4(51); 85-94
    0208-7375
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Systemic approach to civil protection in Poland
    Ujęcie systemowe ochrony ludności w Polsce
    Autorzy:
    Sobolewski, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060836.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Centrum Naukowo-Badawcze Ochrony Przeciwpożarowej im. Józefa Tuliszkowskiego
    Tematy:
    national security
    national security system
    security risks
    crisis management
    civil protection
    life-saving
    public authorities
    civil protection system
    control subsystem
    executive bodies
    bezpieczeństwo narodowe
    system bezpieczeństwa narodowego
    zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa
    zarządzanie kryzysowe
    ochrona ludności
    ratownictwo
    organ administracji publicznej
    system ochrony ludności
    podsystem kierowania
    podmioty wykonawcze
    Opis:
    Introduction: In Poland, the security of the State and its citizens is the responsibility of the national security system. One if its major parts is civil protection (public security). The framework used to ensure civil security is the civil protection system, with life-saving as its primary concern. Aim: The primary goal of this study was to identify the civil protection system within the domain of Poland’s national security, to describe its mission and range of responsibilities, and to suggest what should be changed. The main research problem, as addressed by this study, was expressed as the following questions: What function does the civil protection system currently serve within Poland’s national security? What are its core focus and responsibilities, and what are its development needs and priorities? Results: For this study, it was assumed that the core focus of civil protection were actions designed to reduce any possible risks to human life or health (prevention and counter measures), and once such risks materialise, to provide efficient response to ensure effective security. In a broader sense, civil protection within national security can be considered as a set of nationwide measures intended to ensure the safety of all citizens, property and the environment. In view of the above, civil protection can be understood as the set of measures implemented by government and local-government administration, plus any security-related capabilities and measures (national resources), allocated or set up to prevent, prepare for or respond to any security risks, or to restore any victim population to normal functioning. It was assumed that a civil protection system is an internally coordinated system of capabilities, measures and resources designed to prevent any risks to civil security, and to provide expeditious response to situations that might put citizens’ lives or health at risk. Today, this system is significantly fragmented, and civil protection is often intermingled with such areas as crisis management, public security, safe and secure public environment, and national defence. An effective civil protection system should be an interdisciplinary and well-integrated system capable of responding to any current and expected civil security challenges and threats across various national circumstances.
    Wprowadzenie: W Polsce za bezpieczeństwo państwa i jego obywateli odpowiedzialny jest system bezpieczeństwa narodowego. W jego strukturze możemy wyróżnić bardzo istotny element, jakim jest ochrona ludności (bezpieczeństwo powszechne). Organizacyjną postacią zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa ludności jest system ochrony ludności, a jego wiodącą dziedziną – ratownictwo. Cel: Zasadniczy cel badań prezentowanych w artykule zawierał się w identyfikacji systemu ochrony ludności w obszarze bezpieczeństwa narodowego RP, przedstawieniu jego misji i zakresu działań oraz określeniu pożądanych kierunków zmian. Główny problem badawczy wyrażono w postaci pytań: Jaką funkcję spełnia obecnie system ochrony ludności w bezpieczeństwie narodowym Polski? Co stanowi jego przedmiot działań oraz jakie istnieją potrzeby i priorytety rozwoju? Wyniki: W rozważaniach przyjęto założenie, że istotą ochrony ludności jest działalność mająca na celu obniżanie ryzyka zagrożeń dla życia i zdrowia człowieka (profilaktyka i prewencja), a w przypadku ich wystąpienia sprawne reagowanie, które powinno objawiać się skuteczną ochroną. W ujęciu szerokim ochronę ludności w bezpieczeństwie narodowym można traktować jako zespół przedsięwzięć państwa, których celem jest zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa obywateli, mienia i środowiska. Wobec tego ochronę ludności możemy interpretować jako zestaw działań administracji rządowej i samorządowej oraz działalność sił i środków (zasobów państwa) w zakresie bezpieczeństwa, wykonywanych z zamiarem zapobiegania, przygotowania, reagowania i odtworzeniu równowagi funkcjonowania poszkodowanej ludności. Przyjęto, że system ochrony ludności to skoordynowany wewnętrznie układ wydzielanych przez państwo sił i środków oraz zasobów ukierunkowanych na zapobieganie powstawaniu zagrożeń bezpieczeństwa ludności, a także sprawnym reagowaniu na sytuacje zagrażające zdrowiu i życiu obywateli. Współcześnie ów system jest bardzo rozproszony i często problematyka ochrony ludności przeplata się z zagadnieniami z zakresu zarządzania kryzysowego, bezpieczeństwa publicznego, bezpieczeństwa społecznego i obronności państwa. Można przyjąć, że poprawnie funkcjonujący system ochrony ludności powinien mieć charakter interdyscyplinarny, zintegrowany, a także być zdolny do odpowiedzi na aktualne oraz prognozowane wyzwania i zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa ludności w różnych stanach funkcjonowania państwa.
    Źródło:
    Safety and Fire Technology; 2019, 54, 2; 116--131
    2657-8808
    2658-0810
    Pojawia się w:
    Safety and Fire Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13

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