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Tytuł:
Legal regulations in the field of cultural heritage protection in Poland in the years 1944-1989 in terms of cultural security of the country
Autorzy:
Landmann, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/347872.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
People’s Republic of Poland
cultural heritage
monument
legal protection
security
Opis:
The article attempts to analyze the meaning of legal regulations developed in the field of cultural heritage protection in the years 1944-1989. It has been argued that these years were markedly different in terms of law in the sphere of cultural heritage protection than the period between 1918 and 1939 analyzed by the author in another article. The author decided to refer to legal acts and literature in the form of elaborations and magazines in the field of monuments protection. The specificity of the chosen subject and problem required the choice of a scientific method in the form of legal acts analysis, supported by literature review. The presented information shows that the period between 1944 and 1989 was characterized by a different approach of the Polish authorities towards the issue of cultural heritage protection in comparison to the years 1918-1939. The mentioned protection had an instrumental character and was one of the political-ideological tools influencing the society. Furthermore, the growth of legal protection of cultural assets in the age of the PRL took place in the conditions of centralized administration that adopted the idea of social distribution of many such assets, which led to devastation of numerous immovable monuments and sometimes also the antique furnishings. All the introduced legal regulations required a thorough change and redefinition of the legal status after the political-structural transformation of 1989.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki; 2017, 4; 88-102
1731-8157
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Old Age and Poverty in Poland, 1945-1989: The Status Regarding Knowledge And Research Problems
Autorzy:
Jarosz, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1683563.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
poverty
old age
People’s Republic of Poland
social security system
Opis:
The history of old age has only relatively recently become explored as a research topic in Poland. This sketch focuses on the relationship between old age and poverty in People’s Republic of Poland. Old age, however, was a significant object of interest of the PRL authorities in at least two aspects. The first was the social security system, particularly in relation to old age and disability pensions, and the second, social care for the aged.
Źródło:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2014, 32; 49-68
0081-6485
Pojawia się w:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Political Prisoners in Poland, 1944–56: The Sources and Strategies of Resistance in the Authoritarian State’s Prison System
Autorzy:
Machcewicz, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601721.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
political prisoner
social resistance
social capital
Stalinism
authoritarianism
post-war communist Poland (People’s Republic of Poland/‘People’s Poland’)
Opis:
This article seeks to reconstruct the resistance attitudes and strategies of survival among political prisoners in Poland in the years 1944–56, referred to as the Stalinist period. The introductory section reviews the literature on social resistance in authoritarian political systems, including Poland and covering political prisoners. Subsequently, a definition of ‘political prisoner’ is proposed and the socio-political context of the Stalinist period presented, in which prisons were assigned a strictly repressive function. The present analysis primarily seeks to answer the question whether the conditions in Stalinist prisons offered any room for opportunity to resist the authoritarian power – and, if yes, what sort of experiences and models the convicted resorted to. I also sought to see what forms rebellion against the authority assumed and what was the purpose of the adopted survival strategies. The article is based on documents generated by the Ministry of Public Security’s Prison Management Department and the penitentiary units reporting to it, as well as on memoirs and accounts of former political prisoners.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2018, 118
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gender and Labour in Post-War Communist Poland: Female Unemployment 1945–1970
Autorzy:
Jarska, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601759.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
female work
female unemployment
gender
People’s Republic of Poland [PRL]
Opis:
The article discusses the issue of female unemployment in Poland between 1945 and 1970 – the scale and reasons of the phenomenon and the attempts to eliminate it. The joblessness history is a pretext for showing the role of gender in the shaping of the labour market in the People’s Republic of Poland. The general reason behind the difficulties faced by women in finding a job was that gainful employment, or career, was in the case of females perceived as secondary, and less productive. Women were to perform certain roles in the family, and there was a prevalent conviction that a number of jobs were inappropriate or inadequate for women.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2014, 110
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Agnieszka Osiecka’s Diaries and Notes as a Source for Research into the History of Girlhood
Autorzy:
Wilk, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28703916.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Agnieszka Osiecka
girlhood
gender
egodocument
communism
People’s Republic of Poland
Opis:
This review article refers to the publication of six volumes of personal notes by Agnieszka Osiecka (1936–1997), one of the most popular Polish poets, a songwriter, director, and journalist of the second half of the twentieth century. The collection under review covers mainly the 1950s and provides a space for the search for one’s own identity. While referring to the recent edition and highlighting selected themes, this review article puts forward a perspective on the entire body of documents published between 2013 and 2021. A particular emphasis is placed on the importance of analysis of such egodocuments in girlhood studies.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2023, 127; 167-176
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
To what extent could the Polish People’s Republic be considered a Polish state? The analysis of the problem in the historical context of views of Primate Wyszyński
Autorzy:
Skibiński, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512026.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
Card. Stefan Wyszyński
People’s Republic of Poland
sovereignty
state-church relations
Opis:
Card. Stefan Wyszyński, being both the Primate of Poland and the highest social authority, in the period of People’s Republic of Poland, independent of the communist authorities, was an important point of reference influencing public opinions and social attitudes in our country. His attitude towards the state, which was the People’s Republic of Poland, is extremely important for understanding not only his decisions at particular stages of relations between the communist state and the Church, but also allows us to better understand the specific character of the PRL as a political system, its relationship with the communist party and with the Soviet center of the communist bloc, and to what extent it represented the Polish nation as a political community. Analysis of the Primate’s attitude with regard to important political events (elections to the communist Sejm, his attitude to political breakthroughs and social events – especially social resistance against communist regime), supplemented with an analysis of the Primate’s homiletics, allows me to formulate the thesis that the Primate of the Millennium considered the PRL as a Polish state, however he regarded it as degenerated through the structures of external dependence on the USSR and the ideological domination of the communist party – PZPR. In conclusion, the People’s Republic of Poland was a Polish state that fulfilled some of the needs of the Polish nation, regarded as a fundamental political community, but it was still far from being perfect. However, the fact that – in his view – People’s Republic of Poland was actually the Polish state, was highly significant. It imposed on Catholics a moral obligation to participate in social life, in a space inaccessible to the communist party, and to undertake all efforts to prevent the threat of external military intervention of the USSR and its allies.
Źródło:
Studia Theologica Varsaviensia; 2018, 56, 2; 107-120
0585-5594
Pojawia się w:
Studia Theologica Varsaviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biopolitics and (Non-)Modernity. Population Micro-Policy, Expert Knowledge and Family in Late-Communist Poland
Autorzy:
Klich-Kluczewska, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601579.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
biopolitics
modernisation
pro-natalistic policy
People’s Republic of Poland
history of family
Opis:
This article seeks to investigate the problem of modernity in post-war communist Poland (People’s Republic of Poland, Pol.: Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) through the prism of concepts and ideas of model family and possibilities of shaping it, as promoted in the expert discourse and guidance practices. On the interpretation level, it is important to refer to modern – that is, rational and expert knowledgepropelled – social control methods, strictly connected with the concepts or ideas of modern society. The crucial aspect is the tension between biopolitics understood in terms of actions and strategies of modern dictatorship devised to control a population and the concepts of modernity that appeared in expert discourses in the context of, i.a., decreasing natality, modern birth control methods or practices related to maternity/paternity. Analysed are experts’ opinions proving dominant in the discourse, including the arguments put forth at sessions of the Family Council and the Planned Parenthood Association.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2017, 115
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Life of Things from the Perspective of Polish Systemic Transformation
Autorzy:
Dopierała, Renata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/623453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Sociology and Anthropology of Things
Life of Things
People’s Republic of Poland
1989 Breakthrough
Opis:
The main purpose of the paper is to present the “biography” of selected things which appear in autobiographical narrative interviews conducted within the project “Experiencing the Systemic Transformation Process in Poland. A Sociological Comparison on the Basis of Biographical Analysis.” The author discusses different social actions connected with things, for example, the migrations of things, emancipation through things, collecting things, and reconstructs the stages of life of such things as: notebooks, cassette, and video tapes. The considerations are mainly embedded in the context of the People’s Republic of Poland and the process of transformation of the 1990s. The sociology and anthropology of things are theoretical frames of the analysis.
Źródło:
Qualitative Sociology Review; 2019, 15, 4; 46-66
1733-8077
Pojawia się w:
Qualitative Sociology Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Enemy and the Victim: Stray Dogs in Poland, 1945–70 (Discourses and Actions)
Autorzy:
Jarosz, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601661.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
animal studies
People’s Republic of Poland
history of animals
dogs
dog-pounds
animal shelters
Opis:
The article argues that two primary roles were prevalently identified for dogs in the period concerned: for one thing, dogs were perceived as objects of human malevolence or at least dislike; this had to do with the dissemination of disease – particularly, rabies, dangerous to humans. For another, the dog was represented as a victim of cruelty. The exchange of arguments between adherents of different solutions to the ‘canine question’ (dog-pounds and culling vs. shelters) grew emotion-imbued, especially in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The press published voices of protest against mass killings of dogs and reinstatement of dogcatcher’s establishments. Eminent scientists, artists, cultural workers sent requests or appeals in these respects to the authorities. This ‘canine campaign’ led to the adoption, in 1961–2, of legal acts designed to make the methods of dealing with homeless animals ‘civilised’, but they did not bring about a breakthrough in the way dogs were treated or dealt with in post-war Poland. The campaign demonstrated that an active group of dog lovers got formed in the People’s Republic. In this sense, it can be said that dogs became an object of human care (the latter topic not having been subject to the research on which the following text is based).
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2019, 120
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Commodification in an Officially Decommodified Economy: Institutional Contradictions and Everyday Practices in Poland’s Real-Socialism
Autorzy:
Ziółkowski, Marek
Drozdowski, Rafał
Baranowski, Mariusz
Rae, Gavin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22792649.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-21
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
commodification
decommodification
real-socialism in Poland
everyday life in the People’s Republic of Poland
Opis:
The processes of commodification and decommodification have been important dimensions through which social, economic, political and also cultural changes can be analysed. They turn out to be particularly useful for studying everyday practices, both overt and hidden. This article—concerning the period of realsocialism in Poland—has two goals: (a) explaining the paradox of commodification phenomena in a formally decommodified socialist economy and (b) exemplifying these practices in a dynamically changing political and economic situation. Such an approach has made it possible to reveal not only the internally inconsistent system of the plan-command-distribution economy, but most of all the rich set of social adaptation practices that enabled it to function during conditions of shortage.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2022, 218, 2; 145-168
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Irony, self-mockery, and ironic turns of events. Marian Załucki’s satirical performances
Autorzy:
Smyczek, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/650127.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Załucki Marian
satire
comedy show
censorship in the People’s Republic of Poland
Borderlands
Opis:
The article offers an analysis of the works of Marian Załucki (a Polish comedian, poet, children’s literature writer, and author of books: Przejażdżki wierszem, U szczypnij muzo, Ojczyste kpiny!, A n ie m ówiłem?, Niespokojna czaszka, Przepraszam żartowałem, Czy lubi pani Załuckiego?), and constitutes an attempt at presenting the specificity of the comedy scene in the PRL.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica; 2017, 45, 7
1505-9057
2353-1908
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Food Expenses in the Rhythm of Daily Life. An Analysis of Household Accounts
Autorzy:
Orszulak-Dudkowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/943800.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Ludoznawcze
Tematy:
culture of daily life
food expenses
household accounts
People’s Republic of Poland
family life in Poland
Opis:
The subject of detailed analysis presented in the article is the daily shopping and food expenses incurred by a single family resident in a large Polish city in the period of the People’s Republic of Poland. The source material for the analysis is the ledger of daily food expenses originating from a set of household accounts in the household of a female clerk in Łódź, which in its entirety covers the period from August 1952 to August 2004. The analysis presented herein, however, is based on a detailed analysis of records pertaining to only three selected months of the autumn of 1960, that is expenses dated from 1st September to 30th November 1960. The main aim of the analysis is not to exhaustively document the specificity of the period of the People’s Republic of Poland, but only to present the source material and its interpretative capability, as well as to show a small section from the picture of daily life revealed by one family’s three-month expenses. The author demonstrates that a detailed description of the daily shopping may constitute a very clear illustration of the specificity of private life in the given time and cultural space, as well as a reflection of not only the socio-economic, but also the political conditions in which the shopping is done.
Źródło:
Łódzkie Studia Etnograficzne; 2015, 54
2450-5544
Pojawia się w:
Łódzkie Studia Etnograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
‘Don’t Look Back, You Thief!’. Violence towards Convicted Criminals in Prisons in the Last Decade of Communist Poland
Autorzy:
Szczepanik, Renata
Cieślikowska-Ryczko, Angelika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601715.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
prison
confinement
penitentiary
late communist Poland (People’s Republic of Poland)
violence
biographical research
autobiography
Prison Service in (late) communist Poland
Opis:
This article seeks to reconstruct the victimisation of so-called ‘criminal’ prisoners at penitentiary facilities during the last decade of what was the People’s Republic of Poland (i.e. communist Poland). The introductory section outlines the context of the implemented and evolving penitentiary policy of the past years and the importance of the political system transformation for the organisation of the penitentiary system. The proposed analysis focuses on the violence experience in the relations of the convicted with the prison officers. The article describes the methods of building and reinforcing (inter)dependence relations founded upon various forms of violence – primarily, direct physical actions and the managing by the officers of poor social conditions that led to degrade and symbolically depersonalise the prisoners. The description, moreover, includes the strategies the inmates resorted to in dealing with the oppression they experienced. The analysis is based on interviews with multiple recidivists and autobiographical letters of prisoners who served time in the 1980s decade.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2018, 118
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Eastern Border Security Subsystem of the PRL by Border Protection Forces and Its Impact on State Security in the Second Half of the 20th Century. Selected Issues. Part 1.
Podsystem zabezpieczenia granicy wschodniej PRL przez Wojska Ochrony Pogranicza i jego wpływ na bezpieczeństwo państwa w drugiej połowie XX wieku. Wybrane problemy
Autorzy:
Bieniecki, Ireneusz
Szkurłat, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28395207.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pomorski w Słupsku
Tematy:
ochrona granicy PRL-ZSRR
ochrona granicy wschodniej PRL do roku 1991
protection of the border between the People’s Republic of Poland and the USSR
protection of the eastern border of the People’s Republic of Poland until 1991
securing the eastern border
Opis:
The eastern border protection subsystem of the People’s Republic of Poland (with the USSR) was one of the four subsystems protecting the Polish state border, which in the years from the end of World War II until the dissolution of the Border Protection Forces (WOP-15 May 1991) secured the protection of this section. The first part of the article discusses such issues as: tasks performed by WOP, organisation and changes in the system of border protection of the People’s Republic of Poland in the years 1945–1991, forces and means of WOP participating in the protection of the border of the People’s Republic of Poland until the mid-1980s and the division of the borderland, as well as crimes committed on the borderland and the border between the People’s Republic of Poland and the USSR.
Podsystem ochrony granicy wschodniej PRL (z ZSRR) był jednym z czterech podsystemów ochrony polskiej granicy państwowej, który w latach od zakończenia II wojny światowej do rozwiązania Wojsk Ochrony Pogranicza (WOP–15 maja 1991 r.) zabezpieczał ochronę tego odcinka. W części pierwszej artykułu omówiono takie zagadnienia jak: zadania realizowane przez WOP, organizacje i zmiany w systemie ochrony granicy PRL w latach 1945–1991, siły i środki WOP uczestniczące w ochronie granicy PRL do połowy lat 80. XX w. oraz podział pogranicza a także przestępstwa popełniane na pograniczu i granicy PRL–ZSRR.
Źródło:
Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem; 2022, 7; 139-157
2543-7321
Pojawia się w:
Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rationing in Poland
Kartkowy handel reglamentowany na ziemiach polskich
Autorzy:
Zawistowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/630349.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
rationing
trade
shortage economy
cards
the People’s Republic of Poland
reglamentacja
handel
gospodarka niedoboru
kartki
PRL
Opis:
Jednym z najważniejszych symboli nierównowagi w handlu wewnętrznym, z jakim spotkali się Polacy w XX w., było racjonowanie kartkowe. Handel reglamentowany podstawowych towarów konsumpcyjnych towarzyszył Polakom w XX w. przez ponad 30 lat. Najpierw w latach pierwszej wojny światowej i pierwszych latach powojennych. Następnie w czasie drugiej wojny światowej oraz w kolejnych latach, który to okres – z krótką przerwą – trwał do 1953 r. Wreszcie w latach 1976–1989. Każdy z tych systemów reglamentacyjnych miał swoją specyfikę, będącą wypadkową okoliczności wprowadzenia reglamentacji. W artykule syntetycznie omówiono wspomniane systemy reglamentacyjne i konteksty ich funkcjonowania.
Card rationing was one of the most important symbols of imbalance in domestic trade Poles faced in the 20th century. Rationing of staple consumer goods accompanied Poles in the 20th century for over 30 years. First, during World War I and the first post-war years. Next, during World War II and the years which followed, this period lasting, with but a short break, till 1953. And, finally, in the years 1976–1989. Each of those rationing periods had a specificity of its own, being the resultant of the circumstances in which it was introduced. The article provides a synthetic discussion of the rationing systems referred to and the contexts in which they operated.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace; 2018, 3 (35); 145-161
2082-0976
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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