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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    A proposal for a systematic approach to moral philosophy
    Autorzy:
    Caruana, Christopher
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2137563.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Chełmie
    Tematy:
    metaethics
    moral psychology
    practical reason
    systematic philosophy
    Opis:
    This article gives a methodological overview of three standards against which it is possible to examine the worth of moral theories and to test their true contribution to ethics. These standards or benchmarks are requirements pertaining to metaethics, moral psychology and practical reason. The proposal is that it is only when a theory answers questions raised by these three areas of inquiry together that such a theory can be said to be a substantive theory of morality. While defending the importance of each area I also provide examples on the way to highlight such areas of relevance.
    Źródło:
    Language. Culture. Politics. International Journal; 2022, 1; 181-202
    2450-3576
    2719-3217
    Pojawia się w:
    Language. Culture. Politics. International Journal
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bocheński’s Minima Moralia
    Autorzy:
    Świderski, Edward M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38427511.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Tematy:
    wisdom
    metaethics
    naturalism
    anthropocentrism
    humanism
    autonomy
    heteronomy
    substantive ethics
    Opis:
    Late in life, Józef Maria Bocheński set out to examine the age-old preoccupation with the question “how to live as well and as long as possible?” A traditional answer has been, “live wisely.” In his Handbook of Worldly Wisdom (2020), Bocheński analyzes this answer arguing that, conceptually, living wisely is distinct from obeying moral commandments, prescribing ethical rules, and recognizing authority (e.g., piety, free submission to divine authority). He claims that ethics consists solely in what moral philosophers label as “metaethics” — a theoretical discipline interested in the conceptual status of moral discourse qua discourse. However, Bocheński remains silent about a substantive ethics — that is, how a life led one way or another subscribes to some guiding value-set. As regards wisdom, therefore, the consequence of this position is that Bocheński’s account is ethically neutral. I argue that such a position entails a tension and dichotomy between, on the one hand, prudential rationality concerned with getting on in the moment — that is, wisdom — and, on the other hand, unconditional moral commandments. For his part, Bocheński does not recommend living according to wisdom’s precepts as he analyses them; his own path through life, he tells us, has been a commitment to Christian values, piety abetted by observance of moral commandments, a perspective that, I submit, is not ethically neutral: on the contrary, it entails thick, substantive value-choice. Bocheński’s avowal suggests a second dichotomy and tension, that between the worldly conduct of life, with moderate acknowledgment of moral principles, and an extra-worldly perspective (the “folly of the Cross”). Bocheński does not attempt to resolve either dichotomy, to seek a possible point of their convergence and integration, for instance by inquiring into moral psychology (i.e., the construction of self, the nature of the will, etc.). I believe that this set of views stems from conclusions Bocheński reached in advance of producing the Handbook that bear on, first, how philosophy should be conducted — as logical analysis hostile to grandiloquent speculation and synthesis (“worldviews”); and second, his utter dismissal as nefarious of anthropocentric views. Indeed, Bocheński asserts, without a blush, that almost everything “we” have come to believe about ourselves is superstition writ large. I trace what I consider to be difficulties with Bocheński’s account of wisdom — in relation to his take on morality, (meta-)ethics, and piety — to these idiosyncratic views.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2022, 30, 2; 9-27
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An attempt at an evaluation of Philippa Foot’s conception of naturalistic virtue ethics
    Próby uzasadnienia moralności w naturalistycznej metaetyce Philippy Foot
    Autorzy:
    Zuziak, Władysław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31218593.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    cnota
    sprawiedliwość
    moralność
    natura
    metaetyka
    virtue
    justice
    morality
    nature
    metaethics
    Opis:
    In this article I present subsequent stages of the evolution of Ph. Foot’s conception. I point out that her concepts of morality, virtue and justice are detached from earlier visions of the world (ancient harmony, Christian divine order). At each stage of the evolution of her project, she is forced either to make arbitrary decisions or to make metaphysical assumptions. I emphasize that biological references in justifying the need for morality may be legitimate as long as we understand ethics as a practical science that aims to achieve practical goals (including the protection of the human species).
    W artykule prezentuję poszczególne etapy rozwoju koncepcji Philippy Foot. Wskazuję, że jej koncepcje moralności, cnoty, sprawiedliwości, są oderwane od wcześniejszych wizji świata (antyczna harmonia, chrześcijański boski ład). W każdym z etapów ewolucji tego projektu autorka zmuszona jest albo do podejmowania arbitralnych rozstrzygnięć, albo do przyjmowania założeń metafizycznych. Podkreślam, że odwołania biologiczne w przypadku uzasadnienia potrzeby moralności mogą być zasadne, o ile rozumiemy etykę jako naukę praktyczną, której celem jest realizowanie praktycznych celów (w tym ochrona gatunku ludzkiego).
    Źródło:
    Logos i Ethos; 2023, 62, 2; 85-98
    0867-8308
    Pojawia się w:
    Logos i Ethos
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    MacIntyre and Hauerwas on Metaethics and Science
    Autorzy:
    Patterson, Colin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512209.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum
    Tematy:
    MacIntyre
    Hauerwas
    metaethics
    science
    freedom
    virtue
    narrative
    morality
    secularism
    Opis:
    The article seeks to sketch the outlines of an approach, based upon the work of MacIntyre and Hauerwas, which provides Christian moral theology with some congenial meta-ethical equipment. This sketch relies upon an examination of three concepts – freedom, virtue and narrative – together with the occasional sideways glance at contemporary secular moral traditions with which the Chris-tian tradition finds itself in competition. The author suggests that this approach has to pay more attention to what seems to be a basic epistemological difference between so-called scientific and moral narratives. He claims that, in opposition to the MacIntyre/Hauerwas affirmation that “the activities of natural science” are merely another “species of moral activity,” science in some way transcends the boundaries of rival moral traditions, though not as moral tradition, but in the subordinate role of an instrument of traditions. He gives some hints at possible ways of dealing with this challenge.
    Źródło:
    Studia Ełckie; 2013, 15, 1; 9-27
    1896-6896
    2353-1274
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Ełckie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Business Ethics in Poland: A metatheoretical analysis
    Autorzy:
    Zadroga, Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652598.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    business ethics in Poland
    method
    metaethics
    normative ethics
    descriptive ethics
    Opis:
    From the beginning of the 1990s, a considerable interest in business ethics has been observed in Poland. It seems that the legacy of Polish researchers concerned with this academic discipline is already rich enough, and at the same time so diverse, that it is worth making an attempt to systematise it, exploring and appropriately naming the basic approaches to deal with business ethics in Poland. The carried-out analyses allowed to determine the following leading methods in the formal aspect: firstly, metaethics of business ethics; secondly, business ethics practised in the framework of various modifications of normative ethics (mostly deontology, utilitarianism, virtue ethics and ethics of responsibility; on the other hand, it has been observed that there is a complete lack of clear references to personalistic ethics); thirdly, business ethics practised as descriptive ethics in economic life.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2017, 20, 8; 19-32
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Minimalism and Expressivism
    Autorzy:
    McDonald, Fritz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781408.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Minimalism
    Expressivism
    Truth
    Metaethics
    Gibbard
    Allan
    Blackburn
    Simon
    Realism
    Anti-Realism
    Quasi-Realism
    Opis:
    There has been a great deal of discussion in the recent philosophical literature of the relationship between the minimalist theory of truth and the expressivist metaethical theory. One group of philosophers contends that minimalism and expressivism are compatible, the other group contends that such theories are incompatible. Following Simon Blackburn (manuscript), I will call the former position ‘compatibilism’ and the latter position‘incompatiblism.’ Even those compatibilist philosophers who hold that there is no conflict or tension between these two theories-minimalism and expressivism-typically think that some revision of minimalism is required to accommodate expressivism. The claim that there is such an incompatibility, I will argue, is based on a misunderstanding of the historical roots of expressivism, the motivations behind the expressivist theory, and the essential commitments of expressivism. I will present an account of the expressivist theory that is clearly consistent with minimalism.
    Źródło:
    Ethics in Progress; 2012, 3, 1; 9-30
    2084-9257
    Pojawia się w:
    Ethics in Progress
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An introduction to the objectivist metaethics
    Zarys metaetyki obiektywistycznej
    Autorzy:
    Gowin, Ziemowit
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2095947.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    metaethics
    ethics
    value
    objectivism
    objectivity
    A. Rand
    L. Peikoff
    metaetyka
    etyka
    wartość
    obiektywizm
    obiektywność
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper is to present and explain the metaethical theory proposed by Ayn Rand. In particular, Rand’s view of ethics as necessary for human life is discussed. I also analyze the concept of value which is crucial to Rand’s ethics. I seek to demonstrate that the concept of value is rooted in the concept of life, and from this it follows that the normative sphere is secondary to the existence of living beings. Further, I introduce Rand’s argument concerning human life as an ultimate point of reference in her philosophy. Finally, I explain the conditional character of morality, and end my paper with a short discussion of Rand’s unique view on objectivity of values.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria; 2019, 3; 159-176
    1230-1493
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    In defence of the rationality of ethics. "Veritatis Splendor" and a robust conception of moral agency
    Autorzy:
    Cebula, Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430962.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    moral agency
    moral act
    metaethics
    prescriptivism
    Christian ethics
    moral rationality
    działanie moralne
    akt moralny
    metaetyka
    preskryptywizm
    etyka chrześcijańska
    racjonalność moralna
    Opis:
    The central metaethical contention of "Veritatis Splendor" is that an indispensable element of any plausible conception of moral agency must always be a specific notion of a moral act – an act executed by a moral agent. In my paper I focus on the way in which the interpretation of a moral act as a specific enterprise fully identifiable and determined by its clearly outlined aim (the object of an act) informs the concept of moral agency – human faculty of deliberating upon and performing moral acts. In view of the pledge made by the encyclical’s author not to “impose upon the faithful any particular theological system, still less a philosophical one” I try to demonstrate that the dependence (or perhaps interdependence) in question is of the most basic nature and can thus be construed as a key condition for a genuinely rational character of any ethical theory.
    Źródło:
    Studia Philosophiae Christianae; 2015, 51, 2; 115-126
    0585-5470
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Philosophiae Christianae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Value Commensurability in Brightman and Scheler: Towards a Process Metaethics
    Autorzy:
    Hackett, J. Edward
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451473.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-04-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Tematy:
    Edgar Sheffield Brightman
    Max Scheler
    process metaethics
    value rankings
    value commensurability
    table of values
    phenomenological ethics
    personalism
    personalist ethics
    Opis:
    In the following paper, both Max Scheler and Edgar Sheffield Brightman’s rankings of value are compared. In so doing, Brightman’s table of values is found wanting along the lines of Scheler’s value rankings. The reason is, in part, that Scheler’s ordering of preference and hierarchy of feelings more readily explain what Brightman’s account presupposes: affective intentionality. What is more, we can apply Brightman’s test of consistency to Scheler’s account and find it more desirable than how Brightman defines what values are in his A Philosophy of Religion (1940). Between both thinkers an account will emerge that can help clarify the commensurability of values in experience-based accounts of value in both thinkers. In doing so, a blended account reaches three conclusions about how each personalist might adopt points the other would have suggested to him. (1) Love is the process of coalescement in rough outlines; (2) The ordo amoris should reflect the rational coherence of Brightman’s more systematic laws; (3) And the demand of coherence means that phenomenology in Scheler becomes a system of idealistic metaphysics concerning values despite the fact that Brightman thinks the moral law system will hold phenomenologically regardless of which metaphysical interpretation of reality holds sway about values.
    Źródło:
    Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2019, 3, 1(7); 104-121
    2544-302X
    Pojawia się w:
    Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metaetyczne podstawy zmiany rozumienia wartości w etyce Petera Singera (w kontekście jego rozważań o wartości życia ludzkiego)
    Autorzy:
    Synowiec, Jakub
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/644204.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    Peter Singer
    Metaethik
    Wert des Lebens
    Prinzip der gleichen Interessenabwägung
    metaethics
    value of life
    principle of equal consideration of interests
    metaetyka
    wartość życia
    zasada równego rozważania interesów
    Opis:
    Der Artikel präsentiert metaethische Grundlagen für die Möglichkeit, die soziale Wahrnehmung der Werte in Anlehnung an die Analyse der Schriften von Peter Singer zu verändern. Es wird die These aufgestellt, dass Singer das Prinzip der Interessenabwägung als das Beurteilungsinstrument der vorgeschlagenen Veränderungen in den sozialen Werten anwendet. Einen innovativen Akzent des Artikels stellt die Bemerkung dar, dass einige Veränderungen im Verständnis des Wertes des menschlichen Lebens und ihre Implikationen, die aus der Anwendung des Prinzips der gleichen Interessenabwägung in der ethischen Reflexion (die vom Philosophen auf einem kritischen Niveau der moralischen Schlussfolgerung geführt wird) resultieren, nicht als Prinzipien auf intuitivem Niveau verbreitet werden können, wegen der Anwendung des Prinzips der gleichen Interessenabwägung auf metaethischem Niveau.
    Following an analysis of Peter Singer’s works the article reviews metaethical grounds for possible change of perception regarding social values. The author asserts that Singer applies the principle of equal consideration of interests as a tool to assess proposed changes in societal values. The novel point made in this paper is the observation that some changes in perceiving the values of human life and their implications arising from applying the principle of equal consideration of interests in ethical reflection conducted by the philosopher on the critical level of moral reasoning, cannot be promoted as principles on the intuitive level due to the application of the principle of equal consideration of interests on the metaethical level.
    Artykuł przedstawia metaetyczne podstawy dla możliwości zmiany społecznego postrzegania wartości, w oparciu o analizę prac Petera Singera. Tezą artykułu jest, że Singer stosuje zasadę równego rozważania interesów jako narzędzie oceny proponowanych zmian w wartościach społecznych. Nowatorskim akcentem artykułu jest dostrzeżenie, że niektóre zmiany w rozumieniu wartości życia ludzkiego oraz ich implikacje wynikające z zastosowania zasady równego rozważania interesów w refleksji etycznej, prowadzonej przez filozofa na krytycznym poziomie rozumowania moralnego, nie mogą być popularyzowane jako zasady ma poziomie intuicyjnym, ze względu na zastosowanie zasady równego rozważania interesów na poziomie metaetycznym. 
    Źródło:
    Kultura i Wartości; 2019, 28
    2299-7806
    Pojawia się w:
    Kultura i Wartości
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Person in Relation: An Analysis of Great Catholic Education via Thomistic Personalism
    Autorzy:
    Salisbury, Melissa
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507550.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-06-30
    Wydawca:
    International Étienne Gilson Society
    Tematy:
    Thomistic personalism
    first act
    second act
    esse
    operari
    act of existence
    personal relation
    transcendentals
    principles of knowledge
    truth
    love
    goodness
    beauty
    Catholic education
    liberal arts education
    metaphysics
    metaethics
    evangelization
    Opis:
    The author shows the usefulness of the philosophy of Thomistic personalism in determining the type of education most beneficial to the human person’s highest development by building on St. Thomas Aquinas’s idea of personal relation according to both the first act-esse and the second act-operari. Because the richness of this philosophy involves the use of Thomistic metaphysics and metaethics, anthropology, political philosophy, phenomenology and aesthetics and is meant to be applied (as in Pope St. John Paul II’s theology of the body), the author helps discover a unique and fitting tool by which Catholic education may be considered and planned for based on what is most fundamental to the human person’s reality—the act of his existence and subsequent personalistic act, according to truth and love. The author also presents a selection of real applications included in such an approach to the person in relation.
    Źródło:
    Studia Gilsoniana; 2018, 7, 2; 263-291
    2300-0066
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Gilsoniana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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