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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    The geopolitics of Gazprom’s pipelines
    Autorzy:
    Kosowska, K.
    Kosowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298609.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    Gazprom
    pipelines
    geopolitics
    gas market
    Russia
    Opis:
    The natural gas market over the years has been strongly dependent on pipeline transport and based on it a gas market was created and functioned. For this reason, unlikely to the oil market, the global gas market was not created and did not function, but only national, regional and continental markets separated from the others functioned. The consequence of this situation is the fact that the key importers of Russian gas abroad are the CIS and European countries. The Kremlin hiding behind Gazprom has consistently pursued a policy of diversification of export transmission system, designed to eliminate “problematic” transit countries such as Ukraine. That aim can be accomplished by completed and planned pipelines’ diversification projects.
    Źródło:
    AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas; 2016, 33, 4; 757-768
    2299-4157
    2300-7052
    Pojawia się w:
    AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    25 years of Gazprom on the gas market
    Autorzy:
    Kosowska, K.
    Kosowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298751.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    Gazprom
    gas market
    gas prices
    Russia
    Opis:
    Gas sector was one of the best growing industries of the Soviet Union in the last two decades of its existence. This was made possible thanks to the discovery and exploitation of natural gas fields in Western Siberia, as well as the construction of transmission infrastructure - domestic and export pipelines. The history of the Russian gas industry is inextricably linked with the activity of Gazprom, the gas concern set up in 1989 in place of liquidated Ministry of Gas Industry. The article gives a summary of the 25-year history of Gazprom and its economic, social and political role. It discusses activities of the company on internal and external markets, issues of gas reserves, production and transmission, as well as the financial and political relationship with the authorities of the Russian Federation.
    Źródło:
    AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas; 2015, 32, 2; 289-302
    2299-4157
    2300-7052
    Pojawia się w:
    AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The vertical restriction on abuse of a dominant position of the Gazprom under Gas Directive
    Autorzy:
    Marciniak, Marika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818432.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Polityki Energetycznej im. Ignacego Łukasiewicza
    Tematy:
    action for damage
    Gazprom
    energy law
    direct effect
    Opis:
    The subject of the research is a presentation of the right to compensation in vertical relationships due to unfair practices under international agreements and the Gas Directive. The thesis centres on the presentation of proof that Gazprom abuses its dominant position. The paper presents the multidimensional content of Gazprom’s dominant activities, which significantly distorts the European energy market. Initially, the author indicates the history of Gazprom’s activities and economic way of transparency in pricing based on the latest American research. The matrix of research is a presentation of proceedings before the Court of Justice of the European Union and the Arbitrage Tribunal in Stockholm. In the last part of paper, there is clarification of the doctrineof direct effect and the procedure of an action for damages.The Gas Directive provisions are subject to the direct effectprinciple and in vertical relation, the individuals may bring an action for damages. In fine, the appearance of dominant and unfair practices means that individual proceedings against a country will constitute a majority in the future in the scope of energy law in the European Union. In this dogmatic study, the tools were criticisms, heuristics, hermeneutics and experiments.
    Źródło:
    Energy Policy Studies; 2020, 2 (6); 71--81
    2545-0859
    Pojawia się w:
    Energy Policy Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Gazprom Case: Lessons of the Past For the Future
    Autorzy:
    Višinskienė, Dalia
    Nasutavičienė, Justina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530361.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    commitments
    concentrations
    EU competition law
    Law on Competition of the Republic of Lithuania
    Merger Regulation
    the Gazprom case
    Opis:
    Under the EU Merger Regulation, if the Commission has concerns that a merger may significantly affect competition in the European Union, the merging companies may propose modifications to the project that would guarantee continued competition on the market. The Commission may declare a concentration compatible with the common market following such a modification by the parties and attach to its decision conditions and obligations intended to ensure that the undertakings comply with the commitments. In other words, commitments have to be offered by the parties but the Commission may introduce conditions and obligations if they are required to ensure the enforceability of commitments. Meanwhile the scope to propose merger modifications and the level of discretion of the competition authority are quite different under the Law on Competition of the Republic of Lithuania, adopted almost two decades ago. The goal of this paper is to reveal those differences and, with the help of the jurisprudence of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania in the Gazprom case, to explain how this may impact future cases.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2017, 10(16); 33-56
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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