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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Introgression Breeding – Effects and Side Effects of Marker-based Introduction of Two Non-adapted Qtl for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Into Elite Wheat
    Autorzy:
    Miedaner, T.
    von der Ohe, C.
    Korzun, V.
    Ebmeyer, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199602.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-06-21
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    FHB
    QTL
    resistance
    wheat
    Opis:
    Fusarium head blight resistance (FHB) can be achieved by using improved adapted varieties as crossing partners or by a marker-assisted introgression of mapped QTL from non-adapted sources. In this long-term study Fhb1 on chromosome 3BS and Qfhs.ifa-5A located on chromosome 5A were introgressed into European elite spring and winter wheat to test effects on FHB resistance and side effects on agronomic performance and F. graminearum isolates and mixtures. The introgression of the QTL Fhb1 and Qfhs.ifa-5A from the Sumai 3-descendant CM82036 could be performed in the shortest possible way by marker-assisted backcrossing. They were both validated in European elite wheat background. Effects on FHB resistance were, on average, only about half of the effect in the original mapping populations. In the best phenotypically and marker-selected BC0 line of spring wheat FHB was reduced from 40 to 4.3% of disease symptoms by introgressing both QTL, in the best BC3 line of winter wheat the reduction was 28 and 37% for the moderately resistant and highly susceptible recurrent parent, respectively. Introgression of both QTL simultaneously did not result in significantly higher FHB resistance than introgression of only one of both QTL. Small significant negative effects on grain yield were detected in the Anthus but not in the Opus BC3F2:5 backcross population when both QTL were introgressed. Backcrossing with only Qfhs.ifa-5A did not reduce grain yield significantly. Differences in heading date, plant height and quality traits were in all cases small although often significant. Selection of lines with improved resistance level and similar high yield level like the recurrent parent was feasible. Stability of FHB resistance mediated by both QTL was stable across 22 Fusarium isolates from Europe and Canada and six binary mixtures. Competition effects between isolates in mixtures were obvious but could not be attributed to the resistance of the host. In conclusion, marker-based backcrossing is a feasible option for introgressing Fhb1 or Qfhs.ifa-5A QTL into the high-yielding, quality-oriented European wheat gene pool.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 63; 129-136
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Screening results of diverse spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties and breeding lines for resistance to Fusarium Head Blight.
    Autorzy:
    Usele, G.
    Legzdina, L.
    Beinarovica, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199627.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-12-20
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    Fusarium culmorum
    Hordeum vulgare
    FHB resistance
    Opis:
    Fusarium head blight (FHB, scab) is a widespread disease of cereals, including barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), causing substantial yield and quality loss. Varieties with resistance is provide the greatest potential for reducing FHB. In the present study, we adapted cut-spike method for screening FHB severity among 126 spring barley genotypes. The collection consisted of Latvian varieties and perspective breeding lines and foreign varieties with specific quality traits important for food purposes and resistance to several diseases. Screening was repeated for two years, 2008 and 2009. Differences between genotypes in FHB resistance were observed. Two years data showed that genotype has a significant effect on FHB resistance (p<0.001) and genotype effect on resistance was 41.6%. Differences between FHB resistance of accessions of contrasting morphological traits and origin were tested. Only significant difference were found between cowered and hulless barley. There was no significant correlation between plant height and FHB severity and between flow- ering date and FHB severity, but significant positive correlation (r=0.672, p≤0.05) were found between days from snowing to maturity and FHB severity. Together 15 genotypes (all with Latvian origin) on this study showed average FHB severity lower than 10%.  
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 64; 147-152
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Latest results in breeding winter wheat for resistance to Fusarium Head Blight in the Zagreb BC Institute.
    Autorzy:
    Tomasović, Slobodan
    Palaveršić, Branko
    Ikić, Ivica
    Mlinar, Rade
    Šarčević, Hrvoje
    Jukić, Katarina
    Ivanušić, Tomislav
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199626.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-12-20
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    Bc lines
    Fusarium graminearum
    FHB
    resistance
    testing
    winter wheat
    Opis:
    Fusarium head blight (Fusarium graminearum Schw.) is one of the most dangerous fungal diseases in wheat production decreasing grain yield up to 50% or more what depends on both environmental factors and genotype. Testing of inoculated artificially new Bc winter wheat lines for their resistance to FHB was the objective of the study. In 2008 and 2009 two and five lines of tested 12 new ones respectively were shown to be more resistant than Sana cultivar used as a standard. Majority of the winter wheat lines exceeded level of resistance standing out by Bc 7 and Bc 1 and Bc Lira variety as the highest yielding variety was registered by CCVR in 2009.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 64; 141-146
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Current approaches and utilization of new screening techniques for evaluation of FHB resistance at CIMMYT.
    Autorzy:
    Schlang, N.
    Duveiller, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199621.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-12-20
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    DON content
    FHB index
    fungal biomass
    screening techniques
    wheat
    Opis:
    Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major disease of wheat in most wheat growing areas of the world. Resis- tance to FHB is a key trait for CIMMYT and many wheat breeding programs worldwide. New plant pheno- typing techniques such as quantification of fungal biomass using real-time PCR have become available re- cently. CIMMYT’s approach is to test new techniques for their feasibility and to apply them in routine disease screening programs if they prove to be valuable. Two sets of spring wheat genotypes assembled on the basis of low (group 1) and high (group 2) FHB index observed in previous years, were phenotyped and genotyped in CIMMYT’s FHB screening program. Phenotyping consisted of visual disease scoring (FHB index), mycotoxin analysis (DON) and quantification of fungal biomass. Apart from the FHB index, the two groups differed slightly in terms of DON accumulation although no differences were observed for average fungal biomass. This observation combined with the lack of correlation between disease symptoms and amount of fungal biomass suggested that some useful informa- tion may not be considered to discriminate resistant from susceptible genotypes when field selection is solely based on visual scoring results. DON/biomass-ratio was assessed for all genotypes and was found to be higher in the more resistant group 1 contrary to expectiations. An increase in DON production resulting from a stress or from resistance is discussed as a possible hypothesis. The determination of fungal biomass proved to be potentially valuable as a phenotyping tool. Genotyping results also showed that new genotypes harboring moderate levels of resistance and differing from traditional sources of scab resistance become available.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 64; 89-104
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biomolecular characterization of Fusarium poae strains isolated from durum wheat in central Italy.
    Autorzy:
    Alberti, I.
    Prà, Dal M.
    Tonti, S.
    Montanari, M.
    Prodi, A.
    Pancaldi, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199628.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-12-20
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    durum wheat
    FHB
    F. poae
    gene sequencing
    mycotoxins
    trichothecenes
    Opis:
    Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) is a worldwide disease affecting wheat, barley and other grains, reducing kernel weight and grain yield; infected seeds may contain a large number of mycotoxins, including trichothe- cenes of type A and B. These compounds have already been associated with human and animal toxicoses. Most common species causing the disease are F. graminearum, F. culmorum and F. avenaceum, but in the last few years a gradual increase in incidence of another species, F. poae, has been reported. In general terms, F. poae is a relatively weak pathogen, but its contribute to the increase of mycotoxins level still has to be clarified. Durum wheat is widely cultivated in the central part of Italy, however the effective incidence of F. poae in this area still has to be investigated. In order to monitor Fusarium risk, we collected dozens of F. poae strains on seeds and glumes of durum wheat coming from some of the most important cultivated areas of Central Italy. Every isolate was identified both by microscope observation and by PCR assay with the primer pair Fp82 F/R. Strains were therefore subjected to a more accurate molecular characterization by Translation Elongation Factor 1-alpha (TEF-1α) gene sequencing.  
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 64; 153-161
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pathogenicity and quantitative resistance in Mediterranean durum and bread wheat cultivars of Syrian origin towards Fusarium head blight agents under controlled conditions
    Autorzy:
    Sakr, N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084875.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Fusarium head blight (FHB)
    pathogenic variation
    Triticum aestivum
    wheat resistance
    Triticum durum
    Opis:
    Although Syrian high-yielding wheat cultivars grown under Mediterranean conditions include acceptable levels of resistance to biotic constraints, little is known about their susceptibility to Fusarium head blight (FHB), a harmful disease of wheat cultivation worldwide. The capacity of 16 fungal isolates of four FHB species to confer the disease on spikes and spikelets of six widely grown old and modern Syrian durum and bread wheat cultivars with known in vitro quantitative resistance to FHB was evaluated. Quantitative traits were visually assessed using spray and point inoculations for determining disease development rates, disease incidence (DI) and disease severity (DS) under controlled conditions. Differences in pathogenicity and susceptibility among wheat cultivars were observed, emphasizing the need for breeders to include aggressive isolates or a mixture of isolates representative of the FHB diversity in their screenings for selection of disease resistant cultivars. Bread wheat cultivars showed lower levels of spike and spikelet damage than durum cultivars regardless of the date of cultivar release. Overall, the six wheat cultivars expressed acceptable resistance levels to initial fungal infection and fungal spread. Quantitative traits showed significant correlation with previous standardized area under disease progress curve (AUDPCstandard) data generated in vitro. Thus, the predictive ability of AUDPCstandard appears to be crucial in assessing pathogenicity and resistance in adult wheat plants under controlled conditions. While in the Mediterranean countries the risk of disease is progressively increasing, the preliminary data in this report adds to our knowledge about four FHB species pathogenicity on a Syrian scale, where the environment is quite similar to some Mediterranean wheat growing areas, and show that Syrian cultivars could be new resistant donors with favorable agronomical characteristics in FHB-wheat breeding programs.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 4; 451-464
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A different path to the summit of Fusarium Head Blight resistance in wheat: developing germplasm with a systemic approach.
    Autorzy:
    Comeau, A.
    Langevin, F.
    Caetano, V.R
    Haber, S.
    Savard, M.E.
    Voldeng, H.
    Fedak, G.
    Dion, Y.
    Rioux, S.
    Gilbert, J.
    Martin, R.A.
    Eudes, F.
    Scheeren, P.L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199597.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-06-21
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)
    biotic and abiotic stresses
    Fusarium Head Blighy (FHB)
    genotypes
    resistance
    traits interaction
    Opis:
    In pursuing FHB resistance in wheat, 30 years of conventional breeding efforts in Eastern Canada have brought some progress. Substantial investment and the application in recent years of marker-assisted selection have to date, however, failed to produce agronomic lines that resist FHB as well as Sumai 3. We present here an alternative path, described as the systemic approach. Rather than seeking to introgress specific putative resistance genes, it subjects target germplasm to regimes of repeated cycles of multiple, interacting (biotic and abiotic) stresses in which desirable traits – not always adequately expressed in parental lines – are identified and selected. How can such a seemingly counterintuitive process work? The systemic approach views desired resistance as arising from the interactions of complex regulation mechanisms mediating how a host responds when a pathogen attacks. These constituents of resistance should thus not always be understood simply as discrete Mendelian units. In repeated rounds of selection, the systemic approach captures those rare individuals that embody optimal interactions of traits, and advances them as founders of lines that resist FHB more effectively than if selection focused on FHB alone. In Quebec, we have chosen to select wheat populations under combined pressure from barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) infection and FHB. Resistance to FHB and tolerance of BYDV are quantitative traits that interact. BYD increases both the direct losses from FHB and the production of mycotoxins. Selection under virus pressure, therefore, helps identify those individuals which express FHB resistance more effectively. Moreover, the correlates of virus tolerance (physiological efficiency, generalized stress tolerance and yield) point to those plants with better root traits, ability to produce biomass and yield stability. Together with numerous secondary criteria, such selection eliminates all but a few ‘winners’ in each round. Seen from a systemic perspective, the difficulty of identifying good progeny among descendants of crosses with Sumai 3 does not surprise. Deleterious linkages, pleiotropy and epistasis will usually combine in far from optimal expressions of the assembled genetic information. The systemic approach, by contrast, identifies in repeated cycles increasingly optimized expressions of genes, allowing all potential sources of resistance to be explored. Thus resistant lines can readily be derived from the crosses of susceptible parents, an objective rarely sought in conventional, focused approaches. Moreover, wheat plants respond to the systemic approach’s powerful stresses with enhanced epigenetic variation, raw material from which broader ranges of heritable traits can be selected. Germplasm that expresses a full range of attractive traits while resisting FHB as effectively as Sumai 3 can now be shown to be much more abundant than previously imagined. Perhaps this promise will entice more wheat workers to try a systemic approach...
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 63; 39-48
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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