Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "European community" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Die Stellung Österreichs und der Schweiz zur Schaffung des Europäischen Binnenmarktes eine Vergleichende Analyse
Autorzy:
Tomczyk, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648477.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
European Community
Austria
Switzerland
integration
Opis:
This article examines, in a comparative perspective, the integration policy of the two, in many respects, very similar, neutral states, with particular emphasis on the period after the signing of the Single European Act. Despite the converging political and economic objectives, the decisions of both countries were determined by different economic and political conditions. For Austria, the integration processes were perceived as an important step, towards reconstruction of the economy, the abolition of trade barriers with the most important economic partner. In political terms integration – enhanced Austria’s position within European Community. Unlike the Austrian Government, the authorities in Bern have acted under much more polarized conditions. Neutrality played still very important role in its international policies and the social fears connected mostly to the loss of political and economic independence were vivid. The Swiss authorities were thus forced to choose the bilateral path, which was not preferred by EU countries, but more socially acceptable, and therefore easier to implement.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2016, 18, 1; 53-70
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fiduciary Activity of an Attorney-At-Law: Experience of the EU and the USA and Prospects for Implementation in Ukraine
Autorzy:
Hansetska, Valeriia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28842023.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
attorney-at-law
fiduciary activity
European Community
court
legislation
Opis:
The article deals with the concept of fiduciary activity of an attorney-at-law. The author analyzes foreign experience, in particular, the EU and the USA on fiduciary activity, and conducts a comparative legal analysis. The author examines the prospects for introducing such activities into national legislation on the advocacy. The author focuses on European legislation, in particular, the Common Code of Practice for Lawyers of the European Community. The author examines in detail the procedure for fiduciary activities in the EU and the USA, with special attention paid to the procedure for providing such activities by attorneys. The author emphasizes the advantages and disadvantages of fiduciary activities in foreign countries. The author examines the draft amendments to the national legislation on the Advocacy regarding the introduction of fiduciary activities. The author emphasizes that although the experience of foreign countries with regard to fiduciary activities is quite positive, one should not try to quickly and blindly implement European standards into national legislation, as this will take time. The author determines that a lawyer who manages client’s funds in the course of performing professional duties in the territory of one of the Community States must comply with the rules for managing client’s funds and maintaining financial records established by the competent authorities of the State of registration. The author of the article also establishes that the competent authorities of all Community countries have the right to control and confidentially examine the financial documents of an attorney-at-law on the client’s funds placed at his disposal in order to identify cases of violation of the rules to be observed by the attorney- at-law and to impose sanctions on him in case of the above violations. The advocate, who manages the client’s funds in the course of the performance of his or her professional duties in the territory of one of the Community states, shall comply with the rules for the management of client’s funds and the maintenance of financial records established by the competent authorities of the state of registration.
Źródło:
Copernicus Political and Legal Studies; 2023, 2, 3; 58-62
2720-6998
Pojawia się w:
Copernicus Political and Legal Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Polish People’s Republic in the context of elections to the European Parliament of the European Community (1979)
PRL wobec wyborów do Parlamentu Europejskiego Wspólnot Europejskich z 1979 roku
Autorzy:
Barabasz, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/625747.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
European Parliament
elections
European Community
Polish People’s Republic
Parlament Europejski
wybory
Wspólnoty Europejskie
PRL
Opis:
W artykule przybliżono polskie reakcje na organizację wyborów do Parlamentu Europejskiego w 1979 roku. Skoncentrowano się na opiniach publicystów prasy polskiej, zwrócono także uwagę na reakcje Ministerstwa Spraw Wewnętrznych PRL na zapowiadany po 1975 roku proces unifikacji politycznej EWG. Przedstawiono również reakcje społeczeństw państw „dziewiątki” na niebagatelne wydarzenie, jakim były wybory do Parlamentu Europejskiego.
The paper shows insight into the Polish response to the elections to the European Parliament held in 1979. It focuses on the opinions presented by journalists in the Polish press, and also highlights the response of the Ministry of the Interior of the Polish People’s Republic to the EEC’s political unification process announced after 1975. The paper also presents the response of the public in the EEC ‘nine’ to the important event that the elections to the European Parliament were.
Źródło:
Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej; 2018, 12; 371-380
1899-6256
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Opinion Expressed in a Debate on the Dilemmas Posed by the Quality of Polish University and College Training
Autorzy:
Syrek, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29520399.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
quality of training
cultural wealth
a knowledge society
education
university
European Community action programmes
academic teacher
Opis:
The article constitutes an opinion expressed in a debate, held in various circles, concerning the quality of training in Polish institutions of higher education, with reference to the selected documents of the European Union. It presents a few issues connected with the factors determining the quality of training, and indicates a number of dilemmas related to their application.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2007, 12; 85-96
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The ,,Adjustment’’ of Polish Law to the law of European Community
Autorzy:
Całus, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43449245.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
adjustment
polish law
European Community
legislature
civil law
legal system
European Union
reform
agreement
economic system
economic conditions
association
membership
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1994, 1-4; 17-30
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Funding Model of Deposit Guarantee Schemes in EU. Lessons from the Crisis
Model finansowania systemów gwarantowania depozytów w Unii Europejskiej. Wnioski z kryzysu
Autorzy:
Szewczyk, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/587209.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Bezpieczeństwo depozytów bankowych
Kryzys finansowy
Prawo WE
Źródła finansowania
European Community law
Financial crisis
Protecting bank deposit
Source of financing
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest prezentacja ostatnich zmian, jakie zaszły w obszarze finansowania systemów gwarantowania depozytów w Unii Europejskiej. Są one efektem nowych regulacji prawnych przyjętych na poziomie Wspólnoty, a wynikają z potrzeby zapewnienia stabilnych źródeł finansowania systemów. Efektem zmian ma być umożliwienie gwarantom depozytów realizacji ich dwóch podstawowych celów: ochrony deponentów i przyczyniania się do zapewnienia stabilności systemu finansowego.
The aim of this article is to present recent changes that take place in the issue of deposit guarantee schemes funding mechanism in EU. These are motivated by the new regulations within EU and the need for providing a stable funding for the schemes, so they can achieve their main goals: depositor protection and contribution to maintaining the stability of financial system.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2015, 238; 145-152
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of selected aspects of the hygiene hypothesis and their effect on the incidence of allergy
Autorzy:
Krzych-Fałta, Edyta
Wojas, Oksana
Furmańczyk, Konrad
Dziewa-Dawidczyk, Diana
Piekarska, Barbara
Samoliński, Bolesław
Sybilski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2188907.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
asthma
allergy
allergic rhinitis
hygiene hypothesis
European Community Respiratory Health Survey II
International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood
Opis:
Objectives The development of allergic conditions is largely dependent on the interactions between genetic (individual genetic predisposition) and environmental factors (exposure to risk factors). The aim of this study was an attempt to assess the influence of selected elements of the hygiene theory in the development of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. Material and Methods The study group consisted of 5518 women and 3868 men. The method that was used was the European Community Respiratory Health Survey II and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire validated and adapted to Central and Eastern European conditions. The project was conducted in 8 urban areas (Gdańsk, Wrocław, Poznań, Katowice, Kraków, Lublin, Białystok, Warsaw) and 1 rural area (Krasnystaw county). This study had 2 stages; the first stage involved grouping the 22 500 respondents based on their questionnaire responses with the use of a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA); the second stage involved 7000 subjects, who underwent additional assessments: skin prick tests (birch, grasses/cereals, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae, molds [set I: Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium herbarum, Alternaria tenuis, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium moniliforme, Helminthosporium], molds [set II: Aspergillus fumigatus, Mucor mucedo, Penicillium notatum, Pullularia pullulans, Rhizopus nigricans, Serpula lacrymans], cat, dog, molds Cladosporium herbarum, Alternaria tenuis) and spirometry tests. Results The age at which children attend the nursery school is critical to the development of allergic diseases; in allergic rhinitis, the risk of an IgE-dependent reaction is 2 times higher in the second than in the first year of life (p = 0.00147, p < 0.05), while in asthma, having a large number of siblings increases the risk of developing obstructive disease by almost 6 times (p = 0.00316, p < 0.05).The age at which children attend the nursery school is critical to the development of allergic diseases; in allergic rhinitis, the risk of an IgE-dependent reaction is 2 times higher in the second than in the first year of life (p = 0.00147, p < 0.05), while in asthma, having a large number of siblings increases the risk of developing obstructive disease by almost 6 times (p = 0.00316, p < 0.05). Conclusions The hygiene theory is particularly applicable and can explain the relationship of selected habits in the development of allergic diseases.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2023, 36, 1; 69-83
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of selected aspects of the hygiene hypothesis and their effect on the incidence of allergy
Autorzy:
Krzych-Fałta, Edyta
Wojas, Oksana
Furmańczyk, Konrad
Dziewa-Dawidczyk, Diana
Piekarska, Barbara
Samoliński, Bolesław
Sybilski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203019.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-03-02
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
asthma
allergy
allergic rhinitis
hygiene hypothesis
European Community Respiratory Health Survey II
International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood
Opis:
Objectives The development of allergic conditions is largely dependent on the interactions between genetic (individual genetic predisposition) and environmental factors (exposure to risk factors). The aim of this study was an attempt to assess the influence of selected elements of the hygiene theory in the development of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. Material and Methods The study group consisted of 5518 women and 3868 men. The method that was used was the European Community Respiratory Health Survey II and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire validated and adapted to Central and Eastern European conditions. The project was conducted in 8 urban areas (Gdańsk, Wrocław, Poznań, Katowice, Kraków, Lublin, Białystok, Warsaw) and 1 rural area (Krasnystaw county). This study had 2 stages; the first stage involved grouping the 22 500 respondents based on their questionnaire responses with the use of a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA); the second stage involved 7000 subjects, who underwent additional assessments: skin prick tests (birch, grasses/cereals, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae, molds [set I: Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium herbarum, Alternaria tenuis, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium moniliforme, Helminthosporium], molds [set II: Aspergillus fumigatus, Mucor mucedo, Penicillium notatum, Pullularia pullulans, Rhizopus nigricans, Serpula lacrymans], cat, dog, molds Cladosporium herbarum, Alternaria tenuis) and spirometry tests. Results The age at which children attend the nursery school is critical to the development of allergic diseases; in allergic rhinitis, the risk of an IgE-dependent reaction is 2 times higher in the second than in the first year of life (p = 0.00147, p < 0.05), while in asthma, having a large number of siblings increases the risk of developing obstructive disease by almost 6 times (p = 0.00316, p < 0.05).The age at which children attend the nursery school is critical to the development of allergic diseases; in allergic rhinitis, the risk of an IgE-dependent reaction is 2 times higher in the second than in the first year of life (p = 0.00147, p < 0.05), while in asthma, having a large number of siblings increases the risk of developing obstructive disease by almost 6 times (p = 0.00316, p < 0.05). Conclusions The hygiene theory is particularly applicable and can explain the relationship of selected habits in the development of allergic diseases. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(1):69–83
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2023, 36, 1; 69-83
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problems of Railway Noise—A Case Study
Autorzy:
Szwarc, M.
Kostek, B.
Kotus, J.
Szczodrak, M.
Czyżewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91183.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
rail traffic noise
national government legislation and regulations
European Community requirements
noise-generating devices
rolling contact noise sources
rail vehicle noise
Opis:
Under Directive 2002/49/EC relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise, all European countries are obliged to model their environmental noise levels in heavily populated areas. Some countries have their own national method, to predict noise but most have not created one yet. The recommendation for countries that do not have their own model is to use an interim method. The Dutch SRM II scheme is suggested for railways. In addition to the Dutch model, this paper describes and discusses 3 other national methods. Moreover, discrepancies between the HARMONOISE and IMAGINE projects are analysed. The results of rail traffic noise measurements are compared with national methods.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2011, 17, 3; 309-325
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
What we know about the Baltic Sea: a summary of BSSC 2005
Autorzy:
Piechura, J.
Pempkowiak, J.
Radziejewska, T.
Uscinowicz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47436.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
bioinvasion
geology
Baltic Sea
changing ecosystem
modelling
brackish water
climate change
marine biology
Sopot
European Community
internal sea
conference
water circulation
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2006, 48, S
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The possibilities of geoinformation resources recorded in GML accessing with chosen GIS software
Możliwości odczytu zasobów geoinformacyjnych zapisanych w języku GML przy użyciu wybranego oprogramowania GIS
Autorzy:
Bydłosz, J.
Cichociński, P.
Basista, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/386112.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
język znaczników geograficznych (GML)
infrastruktura informacji przestrzennej we Wspólnocie Europejskiej (INSPIRE)
internetowy serwer obiektów geograficznych (WFS)
GML
INSPIRE
WFS
Geography Markup Language (GML)
Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE)
Web Feature Service (WFS)
Opis:
Nowadays, works concerning the implementation of directive establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE) are conducted in the countries belonging to European Union. The WFS (Web Feature Service) may be used for transferring vector data. Data sent by WFS server are to be recorded in GML (Geography Markup Language) format, accepted by OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) as the standard for geographical information coding, exchanging and storing. Data recorded in GML, in accordance with specification published as technical guidelines by Surveyor General of Poland obtained from Topographical Database (TBD), have been used for analysis in this work. With application of “Data Interoperability” extension it was possible to successfully import this data into ArcGIS. This extension enables conversion between many data formats, defining input and output data formats and choosing files containing schemas. The free software that theoretically should comply with OGC specifications, practically does not deal properly with GML files. Quantum GIS tried to find the file structures by analyzing its contents and failed. OpenJUMP does not use original schema files and enables to build own schemas but such work requires not only the good knowledge of imported data, but the GML itself. After defining proper file called “template” this program easily imported all data. This various experiences with Topographical Database file import have motivated authors to perform similar attempts with other files. The following GML files accessible on the Internet have been used – Ordnance Survey MasterMap (Great Britain), AAA-NAS (Germany) i TOP10NL (Netherlands). Despite the fact that these standards of topographical maps are quite popular, the results obtained with GML file import were very similar. The researches that have been performed show that we are still neither legally nor technically ready to implement INSPIRE directive in Poland.
W chwili obecnej w krajach Unii Europejskiej trwają prace związane z wdrażaniem dyrektywy ustanawiającej infrastrukturę informacji przestrzennej we Wspólnocie Europejskiej – INSPIRE. Do udostępniania danych w postaci wektorowej mają być stosowane serwery WFS (Web Feature Service). Dane wysyłane przez serwer WFS mają być zapisywane w języku GML (Geography Markup Language), przyjętym w 2001 roku przez konsorcjum OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium), jako standard kodowania, rozpowszechniania i gromadzenia informacji geograficznej. W pracy do przeprowadzonych analiz wykorzystano dane z bazy danych topograficznych (TBD) zapisane w języku GML zgodnie ze specyfikacją określoną w wytycznych technicznych, wydanych przez Głównego Geodetę Kraju. Dzięki rozszerzeniu Data Interoperability, które umożliwia konwersję między wieloma formatami plików, jak również pozwala na zdefiniowanie własnych formatów wejściowych i wyjściowych, a także wskazywanie odpowiednich plików zawierających schematy, udało się te dane wczytać do oprogramowania ArcGIS. Wolne oprogramowanie, teoretycznie deklarujące zgodność ze specyfikacjami OGC, wypadło o wiele gorzej. Quantum GIS próbował automatycznie odkryć strukturę pliku przez przeanalizowanie jego zawartości, ale zadanie to zakończyło się porażką. OpenJUMP również nie korzysta z oryginalnych plików schematów, pozwalając za to na tworzenie swoich własnych, ale wymaga to dobrej znajomości zarówno wczytywanych danych jak i samego języka GML. Po zdefiniowaniu poprawnego pliku zwanego szablonem program ten bez problemu wczytał wszystkie dane. Różnorodność rezultatów uzyskanych w wyniku importu plików TBD zmotywowała autorów do podjęcia próby wczytania innych plików. Wykorzystano dostępne w Internecie przykłady plików GML: Ordnance Survey MasterMap (Wielka Brytania), AAA-NAS (Niemcy) i TOP10NL (Holandia). Mimo większej popularności tych standardów map topograficznych uzyskane rezultaty były zbliżone. Przeprowadzone badania pokazały, że wciąż nie do końca jesteśmy przygotowani, nie tylko pod względem prawnym, ale również technicznym do wprowadzania w życie wytycznych dyrektywy INSPIRE.
Źródło:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering; 2010, 4, 1; 33-44
1898-1135
Pojawia się w:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
National Identity of Poles in the Context of European Values
Autorzy:
Mydłowska, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058215.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
European integration
national identity
European identity
national community
patriotic attitudes
Opis:
The article aims to refer to issues related to the understanding of national identity, assuming that the basic reference point for the theoretical analysis is the model of universally recognised European values. Attempting to concretise the concept of national identity and identify determinants affecting its shaping, reference was made to the problem of identifying Poles with European values. Since the problem of national identity was often the object of interest of researchers, especially during the intensification of integration processes in Europe and the impact of such phenomena as globalisation, migration or development of mass culture with a cosmopolitan character, there were observed increased anxieties of various nations encouraging underlining their own “separateness”, and also greater identification with the national community. The author does not treat this phenomenon as disturbing because, according to the latest trends related to the understanding of European identity, it can crystallise as the sum of the identity of European national countries.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2022, 2(136); 258-271
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Constitution and the membership of the Republic of Poland in the European Union
Autorzy:
Safjan, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43354616.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
Polish Constitution
European Union
European integration
European constitutional law
indemnity for damage resulting from infringement of the community law
derived law
community law
Opis:
This article is about Polish Constitution and agreement on the topic of polish integration within European Union in future. Polish Lawyers try to make more coherence between Polish and European Union Laws. They try to make some necessary unifications . Most of Poles and especially polish political and juristic elites want to be part of European Union. But doubts within topic of law still remain.
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 2002, 125-132; 17-34
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Future Polish Constitution in the Perspective of Polands Membership of the European Union
Autorzy:
Wasilkowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43448034.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
Constitution
membership
European Union
agreement
community
international law
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1993, 1-4; 5-15
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The European Union as a Security Community Against the Backdrop of Challenges Caused by the Global Pandemic
Autorzy:
Kabat-Rudnicka, Danuta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2035724.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-04-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
European Union
COVID-19
Security Community
Karl W. Deutsch
Opis:
The European Union, the most advanced integrational arrangement of its kind today, and a model for other regional integration projects, is a relatively new actor on the international scene. It constitutes a community of values, a normative power, a cultural and political community, but, above all else, a security community. And it is to this final dimension that Europe owes the longest period of peace in its modern history. However, today, faced with a new reality forged by global changes and the emergence of new threats, the theoretical construct of the security community, developed by Karl W. Deutsch, requires new insights and adjustments, including in relation to the European Union. The aim of this study is to establish whether, despite the current crisis, the European Union still meets the criteria of a security community. And considering the changes that have taken place over the years, the research problem amounts to the question of whether the concept of security itself, and thus of the security community, shouldn't be revised so as to better reflect the present reality. In turn, the research thesis is as follows: despite all the difficulties and more or less unprecedented events, especially those of recent times, the EU meets the criteria of a security community, wherein it presents an intermediate (halfway-house) solution between a pluralistic and an amalgamated community. In support of the presented arguments, primary and secondary sources will be used, and research methods such as a description, interpretation, comparison, and critical assessment of the literature will be applied.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2022, 26, 1; 7-29
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies