Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "End-of-life" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 24
Tytuł:
The chemical properties of alternatiye fuel from Automobile Shredder Residue (ARS)
Autorzy:
Sobianowska-Turek, A.
Janicka, A.
Kolanek, Cz.
Wróbel, R.
Tkaczyk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242323.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
Automobile Shredder Residue (ARS
end-of-life vehicles
Opis:
A technical object is wearing down and stop s to do its function what is connected with becoming a problem, in case of vehicles, especially in environmental aspect. The recycling rate of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) has to increase to eighty-five per cent to 2014. Nowadays few methods of recycling can be mentioned. The most popular based on disassembly, second usage of recovered materials trough fragmentation and separation of raw materials and incineration of Automobile Shredder Residue (ARS) using maximum energy recovering and minimum emission causing processes. In this paper the methods of vehicle recycling was analyzed and discussed. Especially raw materials separation aspect was taken into consideration. An average sample of ARS which is a composition of materials like rubber, plastic, wood and fibers which is use as an alternative fuel for co-burning process in industry, was analyzed. Because of metals and organic compounds (PAHs - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, VOC's - Volatile Organic Compounds) toxic emission problem (combustion gas emission and waste emission with cinder) in ecology aspect it is very important to know chemical properties of burning fuel. The ARS very often consist potential hazardous on human health chemical compounds or compounds whose thermal treatment products are toxic. Even if concentration of potential dangerous compound is very low it can cause very serious consequences for environment and humans. The results of chemical properties investigation of alternative fuel from vehicle using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method are published in this paper. Also alternative solutions for those wastes (ARS) usage are proposed and discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 2; 413-419
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
End-of-life vehicles recycling network design
Autorzy:
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245487.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
end-of-life vehicles
recycling network
modelling
optimization
Opis:
A growing ecological awareness in modern societies, legal regulations aiming at a reduction of waste storage and economic benefits that we can have from recycling of used products led to a situation that the creation of recycling networks has become an important issue, particularly in developed countries. The paper presents issues related to the design of recycling network whose purpose is to collect from the last owner, dismantle and properly recover end-of-life vehicles. In order to fulfil the ecological requirements and also efficient management of the whole recovery process, the conceptual framework of a reverse logistics network is presented. The collecting of vehicles, dismantling and following processes of shredding and treatment in material recycling facilities are considered jointly. Then a mathematical model is developed which minimizes the costs of setting up the network and also the relevant transportation costs. Because of the complexity of the model, a solution methodology based on the evolutionary algorithm is proposed which enables achieving good quality solutions in a reasonable algorithm run time. In particular, the participants and the flows in the recycling network and visualisation of the results for flows between dismantlers and plastic recycling facilities are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 261-268
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
End-of-life design aid in PLM environment using agent technology
Autorzy:
Diakun, J.
Dostatni, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/200305.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
design for end-of-life
agent technology
PLM
Opis:
End-of-life oriented product design (design for recycling, disassembly, remanufacturing) is considered an emerging area in modern approach to product lifecycle. Numerous tools aiding the design process have been developed, but many of them work as independent computer applications. The presented solution is strictly integrated with typical design environment: CAD 3D and PLM systems. This paper presents the application of agent technology operating in the PLM environment to support the design process. The architecture of the proposed solution is shown. A method of product assessment, based of three indicators, is described. The example analysis of real household appliance is presented.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2020, 68, 2; 207-214
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment method of end-of-life vehicles recycling network efficiency
Autorzy:
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246210.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
recycling network
end-of-life vehicles
system efficiency
indicators
Opis:
Recycling is a final stage closing the life cycle of vehicles. The quality of this process affects the combined impact of automobiles on the environment. Recycling networks differ in the level of efficiency due to the differences in how the recycling system is organized, their environment, and the characteristics of the entities taking part in recycling process. The article presents an algorithm of a method for assessing the effectiveness of a vehicle-recycling network, which can be used in a comparative analysis of networks, or for evaluating changes over time. A set of indicators relating to the technical, economic, environmental, and social aspects was proposed. The article presents the variety of aspects involved in assessing, the efficiency of a vehicle-recycling network the best solution seems to be the inclusion of selected indicators for the assessment model, which will also act as a tool to assess the state of the network and conduct rankings of available solutions. The model for assessing the efficiency has to be preceded by determining the purpose and scope of the assessment and analysis of available evaluation tools.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 193-201
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Life cycle extension of mobile phones: an exploration with focus on the end-consumer
Autorzy:
Penners, Odette
Semeijn, Janjaap
van Riel, Allard C.R.
Lambrechts, Wim
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14450797.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-22
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
end of life
e-waste
mobile phones
recycling
WEEE
Opis:
Aim: All mobile phones will eventually become obsolete and should be collected and recycled in order to recover their high content of both dangerous and valuable materials. End-consumers play a key role in these processes as the collection and recycle systems cannot work properly without their contribution. Therefore, this exploratory study investigates how Dutch end-consumers can be stimulated to return their used mobile phones. Design / Research methods: the factors influencing consumers’ propensity to return and recycle obsolete mobile phones are examined. The results are based on a survey conducted among end-consumers of mobile phones in the Netherlands. Conclusions / findings: There is significant recycling potential as the majority of used mobile phones are simply kept at home. Keeping a used phone as a spare phone and being afraid of privacy disclosures are indicated as main reasons for not taking used phones to a recycling point. Originality / value of the article: The findings indicate that personal satisfaction from recycling and knowledge or awareness of the potential dangers from not properly returning play a crucial role in influencing the propensity.
Źródło:
Central European Review of Economics and Management; 2018, 2, 4; 7-37
2543-9472
Pojawia się w:
Central European Review of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problems of Postgraduate Education in the Sphere of Palliative and Hospice Care
Autorzy:
Wolf, Alexander
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/461666.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie. Instytut Spraw Społecznych
Tematy:
palliative and hospice care
patients’ rights
end-of-life care
Opis:
The article presents the views on the problems of post-graduate education in the sphere of palliative and hospice care in Ukraine. The need to modernize and adjust training programs according to modern international approaches is underlined.
Źródło:
Labor et Educatio; 2015, 3; 173-180
2353-4745
2544-0179
Pojawia się w:
Labor et Educatio
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study On The Separation And Extraction Of Rare-Earth Elements From The Phosphor Recovered From End Of Life Fluorescent Lamps
Badanie separacji i ekstrakcji metali ziem rzadkich z fosforu ze zużytych świetlówek
Autorzy:
Shin, D.-W.
Kim, J. G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351714.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
recycle
yttrium
phosphor
end of life
recykling
itr
fosfor
świetlówki
Opis:
In this study, recovered phosphor from end of life three-wavelength fluorescent lamp was selected for reuse rare earth elements in the phosphor. The effect of a type of acid, concentration, and time was investigated as solubility of rare earth elements. In addition, precipitate heat-treated was investigated as possibility of reusable phosphor. The results showed that the amount of the rare earth elements was different values depending on the type of acid, and it was investigated with concentration of acid and reaction time. After precipitation reaction, the precipitate was sintered in electric furnace in order to reuse rare earth elements as phosphor. It was confirmed that yttrium, europium, oxygen, and carbon through X-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma analysis. Following the results, it can assume that rare earth oxide reuse the phosphor as three-wavelength fluorescent lamp.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2B; 1257-1260
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pyrolysis of waste tyres – The effect of reaction kinetics on the results of thermogravimetric analysis
Autorzy:
Cherbański, R.
Molga, E.
Wróblewski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185091.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
TGA
pyrolysis
end-of-life tyres
kinetics
TCSM
piroliza
zużyte opony
kinetyka
Opis:
This paper presents a systematic thermogravimetric (TG) study on the kinetics of end-of-life tyre (ELT) pyrolysis. In the experimental part of this work, TG results are compared for tyre samples of different mass and size. This shows that the conduction resistance in the milligram scale (up to ~100 mg) tyre sample can be neglected. A comparison of experimental results demonstrates that the characteristic maxima on the DTG curve (the first derivative of TG signal) shift towards higher temperatures for higher heating rates. This phenomenon is explained to have kinetic origin and it is not caused by the internal heat transfer resistance. In the modelling part of this work, the kinetic parameters of the Three-Component Simulation Model (TCSM) are calculated and compared to the literature values. Testing of the kinetic model is carried out using experiments with a varying heating rate. This shows the limitation of the simplified kinetic approach and the appropriate selection method of the kinetic parameters.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2017, 38, 3; 363-377
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Combination of end-of-life strategies for extension of industrial equipment life cycle
Autorzy:
Bashkite, V.
Moseichuk, V.
Karaulova, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/99960.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
environmental conscious manufacturing
green design
remanufacturing
end-of-life strategy
material processing equipment
Opis:
As many manufacturing companies are changing their production philosophies from a traditional focus on the manufacturing of the physical product towards a focus on the life cycle of the physical product, it is becoming important to engineer product's life cycle. Even more, many industrial researchers of the last decade see product's life cycle prolonging activities as a business opportunity both in economical and environmental ways. As a result, more focus is now put on the use phase and end-of-life phase, including maintenance and remanufacturing. The analysis of current end-of-life practices identifies significant improvements to product design that reduce the impact of manufactured goods on the environment as whole. Life cycle engineering and product take-back is a routine for many large industries and corporations nowadays, but, it is still a big challenge for a small and medium companies. In context of end-of-life strategies implementation, there is a very little experience for smaller firms, and results are often controversial. This paper will touch material processing equipment end-of-life strategies combination perspectives, real-life implementation of them, benefits and consequences. The case study is made on a basis of a lorry that will be transferred into spoil mixing plant.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2010, 10, 4; 76-88
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acetone adsorption on co2-activated tyre pyrolysis char – thermogravimetric analysis
Autorzy:
Kotkowski, T.
Cherbański, R.
Molga, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185802.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
physical activation
char
end-of-life tyres
pyrolysis
TGA
aktywacja fizyczna
zużyte opony
piroliza
Opis:
Activation of tyre pyrolysis char (TPC) can significantly increase its market value. To date, it has been frequently carried out in different reactors. In this work, thermogravimetric analysis was used instead. The performance of activated pyrolysis chars was tested by adsorption of acetone vapour and comparison of the equilibrium adsorption capacities for all samples. The highest equilibrium adsorption capacity was observed for the carbon burn-off of 60%. In addition, the equilibrium adsorption capacity of activated TPC decreases by about 10% after eleven adsorption/desorption cycles. Moreover, activation changed the porous structure of pyrolysis chars from mesoporous to micro-mesoporous.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2018, 39, 2; 233-246
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The chosen aspects of end of life vehicles recycling
Wybrane aspekty recyklingu pojazdów wycofanych z eksploatacji
Autorzy:
Kamińska, E.
Wojciechowski, A.
Merkisz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244223.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
recykling pojazdów wycofanych z eksploatacji
metody recyklingu
recycling
end-of-life vehicles
recycling method
Opis:
According to the data from the Ministry of Finance, in January 2007 alone, there were 69 2 71 used passenger cars imported to Poland from the European Union. This represents an increase of over 85.7% more cars as compared to the January last year. This figure amounts to over 761 Mg of future waste to be recycled. As the amount of disused cars increases every year, utilization of the waste from these cars is becoming a problem. The article presents analysis of the problems with the system of recycling disused cars. The particular attention of the authors has been paid to the pro-ecological aspect of vehicles design, which the car manufacturers have been obliged to, by the European Parliament and Council Directive Nr 2000/53/WE of2000. The share of composite materials and plastics used in the car industry is ever increasing. Modification of the materials to facilitate disassembly and vehicle recycling is one of the problems of contemporary recycling. The analysis presented in the article will encompass materials used in vehicle production, susceptibility to various recycling methods and solutions implemented by selected car manufacturers. The article described also the basic legal requirements for car manufacturers resulting from a law on End of Life vehicles.
Według danych Ministerstwa Finansów tylko w styczniu 2007r. z Unii Europejskiej sprowadzono do Polski 69271 używanych samochodów osobowych. Stanowi to wzrost o ponad 85,7% więcej samochodów w odniesieniu do stycznia ubiegłego roku. Liczba ta daje ponad 761 Mg odpadów do przyszłego przetworzenia. W związku ze wzrostem liczby pojazdów wycofywanych corocznie z eksploatacji problemem staje się zagospodarowanie odpadów pochodzących z tych pojazdów. W artykule przedstawiono analizę problemów związanych z systemem recyklingu pojazdów wycofanych z eksploatacji. Szczególną uwagę autorzy zwrócili na aspekt proekologicznego projektowania pojazdów, do którego producenci samochodów zostali zobligowani między innymi Dyrektywą Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady Nr 2000/53/WE z 2000 r. Udział materiałów kompozytowych i tworzyw sztucznych stosowanych w przemyśle motoryzacyjnym wciąż wzrasta. Jednym z problemów współczesnego recyklingu jest modyfikacja materiałów w celu ułatwienia demontażu i recyklingu pojazdów. Analiza przedstawiona w artykule będzie obejmowała materiały stosowane w produkcji pojazdów, podatność na różne metody recyklingu, rozwiązania wdrożone przez wybrane koncerny samochodowe. W artykule opisane zostaną również podstawowe wymagania prawne obowiązujące producentów samochodów, wynikające z ustawy o recyklingu pojazdów wycofanych z eksploatacji.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 145-152
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reframing Patient’s Autonomy in End-of-Life Care Decision-Making: Constructions of Agency in Interviews with Physicians
Autorzy:
Buscariolli, André
Vesala, Kari Mikko
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1024405.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-04-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Advance Directives
Patient’s Autonomy
Bioethics
Frame Analysis
Agency
End-of-Life Care
Finland
Opis:
In the research literature, critical viewpoints question the idea of patient autonomy as a robust basis for approaching end-of-life treatments. Yet physicians express distinctly positive attitudes towards patient autonomy and advance directives in questionnaire studies. In this article, we unravel taken-for-granted assumptions about the agency that physicians use when evaluating patient autonomy in end-of-life care. We use Goffmanian frame analysis to analyze semi-structured interviews with eight Finnish physicians. Instead of measuring standardized responses, we explore in detail how distinct evaluations of patient autonomy are made through approving or reserved stand-taking. The results show that the interviewees reframed patient autonomy with the help of biological, medical, ethical, and interaction frames. Through such reframing, the patient’s agency was constructed as vulnerable and weak in contrast to the medical expert with the legitimated capacity to act as an agent for the patient. Further, end-of-life treatment decisions by the patient, as well as the patient’s interests appeared as relationally defined in interactions and negotiations managed by the physician, instead of attesting the sovereign agency of an autonomous actor.
Źródło:
Qualitative Sociology Review; 2021, 17, 2; 70-87
1733-8077
Pojawia się w:
Qualitative Sociology Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Advance care planning in Spain. A short national report. Part II
Autorzy:
Seoane, J.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Advance Care Planning
end-of-life
Patient Rights
Spain
clinical decision-making
Autonomy
Advance Directives
Opis:
Purpose: Ethical and legal recognition of patient autonomy and rights is a reality in Spain. Together with informed consent, advance directives and advance care planning have also played a major role in bringing about this situation. This paper aims to provide a description and critical analysis of their ethical and legal framework, concept, grounds, purpose and requirements under Spanish law, and to show that the appropriate way to understand and implement advance directives is to integrate them into the broader process of advance care planning, combining its legal, ethical and clinical dimensions.Materials and methods: Descriptions, arguments and conclusions presented in this paper are based on a review of legislation, case law and scientific bibliography. Conclusions: Spanish legal norms on advance directives represents a step forward in the consolidation of autonomy as a core of doctor-patient relationship and in the guarantee of patients, healthcare professionals and health institutions’ rights and duties. Moreover, it guides professionals and eases decision-making process in healthcare. Finally, it improves the quality, humanisation and justice of Spanish health system.
Źródło:
Progress in Health Sciences; 2015, 5, 1; 169-175
2083-1617
Pojawia się w:
Progress in Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Advance care planning in Spain. A short national report. Part I
Autorzy:
Seoane, J.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917487.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Advance Care Planning
End-of-life
Patient Rights
Spain
clinical decision-making
autonomy
Advance Directives
Opis:
Purpose: Ethical and legal recognition of patient autonomy and rights is a reality in Spain. Together with informed consent, advance directives and advance care planning have also played a major role in bringing about this situation. This paper aims to provide a description and critical analysis of their ethical and legal framework, concept, grounds, purpose and requirements under Spanish law, and to show that the appropriate way to understand and implement advance directives is to integrate them into the broader process of advance care planning, combining its legal, ethical and clinical dimensions.Materials and methods: Descriptions, arguments and conclusions presented in this paper are based on a review of legislation, case law and scientific bibliography. Conclusions: Spanish legal norms on advance directives represents a step forward in the consolidation of autonomy as a core of doctor-patient relationship and in the guarantee of patients, healthcare professionals and health institutions’ rights and duties. Moreover, it guides professionals and eases decision-making process in healthcare. Finally, it improves the quality, humanisation and justice of Spanish health system.
Źródło:
Progress in Health Sciences; 2015, 5, 1; 162-168
2083-1617
Pojawia się w:
Progress in Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative Analysis of ELV Recycling Policies in the European Union, Japan and China
Autorzy:
Yu, Jeongsoo
Wang, Shuoyao
B. Serrona, Kevin Roy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/916995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
End-of Life Vehicle Recycling
Extended Producer Responsibility
Export of Secondhand Vehicle
Recycling of Next-Generation Vehicle
Opis:
This research aims at revealing the current status of the End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV) recycling systems in the European Union (EU), Japan and China which are known to have big vehicle manufacturers. The purpose of this research is to clarify their characteristics and issues, such as existing ELV recycling policy, limitations of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) and environmental problems caused by secondhand car export. Japanese ELV recycling system will be analyzed as a specific example. Automakers’ effort to improve ELV recycling rate and the potential influence on recycling policy from large secondhand car export and Next-Generation Vehicle’s (NGV) popularization in Japan will be discussed and generalized. In addition, interview investigation for vehicle makers and government agencies has been conducted to have a comparative analysis of stakeholders’ (mainly automakers) attitude towards current ELV recycling law and future plans which can support Next-Generation Vehicle recycling well, as well as cross-border environmental/international resources recycling problems caused by secondhand car export.
Źródło:
Investigationes Linguisticae; 2019, 43; 34-56
1426-188X
1733-1757
Pojawia się w:
Investigationes Linguisticae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 24

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies