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    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
    Tytuł:
    Asymmetric Mobility and Emigration of Highly Skilled Workers in Europe: The Portuguese case
    Autorzy:
    Machado Gomes, Rui
    Teixeira Lopes, João
    Cerdeira, Luísa
    Vaz, Henrique
    Peixoto, Paulo
    Cabrito, Belmiro
    Machado-Taylor, Maria Lourdes
    Brites, Rui
    Patrocínio, Tomás
    Ganga, Rafaela
    Silva, Sílvia
    Silva, José Pedro
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/580422.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    BRAIN DRAIN
    BRAIN CIRCULATION
    ACADEMIC MOBILITY
    DESKILLING
    RESKILLING
    Opis:
    Emigration is a chronic structural process of the Portuguese society. The discussion and key arguments raised in this chapter are mainly focused on data from a research project on Portuguese skilled emigration. Based on the outcomes of the BRADRAMO2 on-line survey to 1011 highly skilled emigrants it can be suggested that recent phenomena in general, and the crisis that began around 2008 in particular, profoundly transformed the patterns of Portuguese emigration. Nowadays, the country faces a brain drain dynamic that is dramatically altering the profiles of national emigrants, emigration destinations, self-identity, and the strategies of those who leave the country. Academic mobility, mainly that promoted by the European Union (through grants from the Erasmus Program), created and fostered mobility flows that reinforced a latent mobility phenomenon. Once engaged in academic mobility programs, Portuguese higher education students tend to stay in the country of destination or, upon returning temporarily to Portugal, to evince a very strong predisposition to move to a country of the European Union. The profile of Portuguese high-skilled emigrants reveals a trend towards a permanent and a long-term (as opposed to a temporary or transitory) mobility, an insertion in the primary segment of the labor market of the destination countries, a predominance of professionals connected to the academic/scientific system and to professions requiring high skills, and a latent mobility (aft er a period of study in the country of destination) rather than direct mobility flows (after having entered in the employment system of the sending country).
    Źródło:
    Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny; 2018, 44, 3 (169); 143-164
    2081-4488
    2544-4972
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Skill and Deskilling in Two Automotive Assembly Plants in South Africa
    Autorzy:
    Ngcwangu, Siphelo
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32222594.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Skills
    Deskilling
    Qualitative Methodology
    Sociology of Work
    Automotive Assembly
    Technology
    South Africa
    Opis:
    This article presents research on skills development and workplace change complexities within two automotive assembly plants in Pretoria, South Africa. Auto assembly companies are also termed Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs). Since 1995, South African OEMs have become fully integrated into the global networks of their foreign parent companies. As South Africa’s leading manufacturing sector, the automotive industry’s increasing importance is reflected in its exports, investments, and contribution to the country’s gross domestic product. The two companies are global multinationals situated in one of South Africa’s most globally integrated sectors that have undergone significant mechanization and automation since the 1990s. Therefore, these companies present a relevant site for studying changes in the labor process and the tendencies of deskilling in these workplace environments. The research is based on a qualitative research design that used semi-structured interviews with workers, supervisors, and managers across two plants that assemble motor vehicles in South Africa. The objective of the research was to understand the nature of changes to workplace production methods that influence the character of skills amongst the workforce. This paper studies workers’ experiences on how changes in work processes have impacted their work skills and contributed to the processes of deskilling. Present studies of skills in South Africa have prioritized large-scale labor market aggregate data analysis or reforms in education and training policies of the state. This paper brings a perspective on the labor process changes that are informed by concrete analysis of the production process and how technological changes shape the character of skills formation within automotive assembly plants. The value of such an approach is that it brings to the discussion of technology and workplace change a more specific set of experiences that transcends the often speculative and mythical discussion about the impact of technology on work. This article highlights the importance of understanding workers’ voices, shift supervisors, and managers on the contested nature of skills development within capitalist enterprises. The findings illustrate the contradictory nature of technological change and skills development. This is shown by discussing the following themes that emerged from the findings: 1) worker responses to the introduction of robots in the workplace environment, 2) the deskilling challenge on the two plants, and 3) grappling with the turnover times of capitalist production. I conclude the paper by revisiting the key findings of the research and showing the implications for future studies of deskilling in contemporary capitalist enterprises. The significance of these findings ultimately points to the importance of locating labor processes and deskilling in the context of the political economy of the capitalist mode of production and how it is reshaping the content of work in modern automotive assembly plants.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2023, 19, 1; 102-121
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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